cardiovascular, immune & lymphatic systems & blood Chapter 10
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| thorac/o | chest
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| thoracodynia | a condition of chest pain
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| card/o, cardi/o, coron/o | heart
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| tachycardia | a condition of a fast heart (pulse)
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| bacterial endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium) caused by bacteria
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| myocarditis | inflammation of the myocardium (muscle layer) of the heart
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| myocardium | muscle layer of the heart
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| pericardiocentesis | surgical puncture of the pericardium (membraneous sac surrounding the heart)
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| pericardium | membraneous sac surrounding the heart
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| pericardiostomy | a new or artificial opening into the pericardium
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| cardiologist | a specialist in the study of the heart
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| cardiodynia | pain in the heart
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| dynia or algia | pain
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| phono | sound
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| phonocardiogram | a record of heart sounds
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| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart
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| cardiomyopathy | disease condition of the heart muscle
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| electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) | a record of the electrical activity of the heart
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| echocardiography (ECHO) | the process of recording the heart using sound
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| Diagnostic Imaging (DI) using sound is AKA | sonography, untrasound, or doppler
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| Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) | a record of the heart using sound waves transmitted across the esophagus
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| The escophagus connects the | pharynx (throat) to the stomach
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| pharynx | throat
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| CardioPulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) | emergency procedure consisting of artificial ventilation (breathing) and cardiac massage AKA Basic Life Support (BLS)
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| cardiac catheterization ("cardiac cath") | introduction of a catheter (small flexible tube) into the heart to determine cardiac disease AKA angiocardiography or coronary arteriography
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| catheter | small flexible tube
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| cardian scan | diagnostic imaging (DI) of the heart after introduction of a radioactive material
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| radioactive imaging | is performed in nuclear medicine
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| Contrast or (Radiopaque) | materials that illuminate when exposed to x-ray
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| coronary thrombosis | an abnormal condition of a thrombus (clot) in a coronary artery
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| coronary arteries | are the vessels that deliver oxygenated blood to the heart tissue
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| coronary occlusion (obstruction, or infarction) | an obstruction (infarction) of a coronary artery AKA Myocardial Infarction (MI) or "heart attack"
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| embolus (embolism) or emboli | a floating clot
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| Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | an abnormal condition of a clot in a deep vein of a leg
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| sedentary lifestyle | little or no regular exercise
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| TED hose or Jobst stockings | antiemboli (compression) hose
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| TED stands for | ThromboEmbolism Deterrent
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| ebolectomy | surgical removal of an embolus (floating clot)
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| myocardial ischemia | starvation of oxygenated blood to the cardia muscle AKA Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
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| ischemia | starvation of oxygenated blood
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| angina pectoris | thoracodynia caused by an ischemic heart
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| intracoronary thrombolytic therapy | a treatment to break up a clot(s) within the coronary arteries AKA "Clot Buster"
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| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) | surgical repair of a coronary artery(ies) using a catheter (small flexible tube) with an inflatable balloon
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| lumen (lumina) | the inside diameter(s) of a vessel
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| coronary stent | a device that prevents closure after an angioplasty
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| necr/o | death
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| myocardial necrosis | death of the heart muscle
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| valv/o or valvul/o | valve
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| valvotomy | surgical incision of a valve
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| valvuloplasty | surgical repair of a heart valve
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| heart murmur | the sound caused from regurgitation of blood past an incompetent valve
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| regurgitation | back flow or reflux
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| another name for Murmur | bruit (bruee, sounds like)
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| vas/o, vascul/o, angi/o | (blood) vessel(s)
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| vasodilation | increased diameter of blood vessels
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| vasoconstriction | decreased diameter of blood vessels
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| cardiovascular | pertaining to the heart and (blood) vessels
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| peripheral vascular | pertaining to the blood vessels outside of the heart
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| angiospasm | an involuntary muscle contraction of a (blood) vessel
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| angiogram | a record of a (blood) vessel
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| angiostenosis | narrowing of a (blood) vessel
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| angiocarditis | inflammation of a heart vessel
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| angioma | a tumor or mass of a (blood) vessel
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| angioscopy | the process of using a usually lighted instrument to view a (blood) vessel
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| angiography | the process of recording (blood) vessel
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| arter/o or arteri/o | artery(ies)
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| arteriorrhexis | rupture of an artery
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| arteriography | the process of recording arteries
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| polyarteritis | inflammation of many arteries
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| arteriogram | a record of an artery
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| arteriol/o or arteriole(s) | small arteries
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| arteriolitis | inflammation of arterioles (small artery(ies))
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| -sclerosis | abnormal condition of hardening
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| osis | abnormal condition
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| -scler | hardening
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| arteriosclerosis | abnormal condition of hardening of the arteries
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| ather/o | fatty plaque
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| atherosclerosis | an abnormal condition of hardening (of the arteries) caused by fatty plaque
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| Atherosclerosis will cause | arterial stenosis (narrowing)
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| Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | stenosis of a coronary artery(ies) caused by atherosclerosis
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| atherectomy | surgical removal of fatty plaque
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| endarterectomy | surgical removal of within an artery
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| cholesterol/o | cholesterol
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| Cholesterol is | one type of saturated fat (lipid).
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| hypercholesterolemia | a blood condition of excessive cholesterol
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| lipid profile | blood test for cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) HDL is AKA "good cholesterol"
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| aneurysm/o | aneurysm
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| aneurysm is | a weakness in an arterial septum (wall)
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| septum | wall
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| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) | a weakness in the abdominal aortic septum
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| Aorta | is the largest artery in the body
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| dissecting aneurysm | tearing of an aneurysm
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| dissecting | tearing
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| phelb/o, ven/o, ven/i | vein(s)
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| venous | pertaining to a vein
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| venogram | a record of a vein
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| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein
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| phelbectomy | surgical removal of a vein
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| phlebography | the process of recording a vein
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| venipuncture | surgical puncture of a vein AKA phlebotomy
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| varicose veins (varicosities) | superficial, swollen, twisted, knotty, veins of a leg
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| ligation (ligate) and stripping | tying and removing
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| hemorrhoid/o | hemorrhoid(s)
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| Hemorrhoids are | swollen twisted vein(s) of the anal region.
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| hemorrhoidectomy | excision of a hemorrhoid
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| venul/o | venule
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| venules are | small veins
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| capillari/o | capillaries
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| capillaries are | microscopic arteries and veins where respiration takes place
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| Respiration is | the exchange of gasses
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| the gasses exchanged are | oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
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| hem/o or hemat/o | blood
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| hemolysis (hemostatic) | the stoppage or controlling of bleeding
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| stasis or static | stop or control
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| hemorrhage (hemorrahgie) | the rapid flow of blood
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| hematologist | a specialist in the study of blood
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| hematoma | a mass of blood
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| lymph/o | lymph
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| Lymph is | immune tissue
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| aden/o | gland
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| lymphadenopathy | disease condition (edema) of the lymph glands
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| edema | swelling
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| lymphoma | tumor or mass of the lymph
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| lymphadenitis | inflammation of (a) lymph glands (nodes)
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| lymphangiogram | a record of the lymph vessels
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| splen/o | spleen
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| the spleen is | lymph tissue and is a reservoir (storage container) for erythorocytes (RBC's (red blood cells))
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| lymphactic system is | a circulatory system without a pump
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| splenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen
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| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen
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| erythrocytes | Red Blood Cells (RBC's)
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| Erythrocytes (RBC's) carry | oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
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| plasm/o | plasma
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| Plasma is the | liquid portion of the blood AKA serum
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| -apheresis | remove
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| plasmapheresis | removal of plasma from donated blood and the return of erythrocytes (RBC's), leukocytes (WBC's) and thrombocytes (platelets) to the patient
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| -poiesis | formation
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| blood formation occurs | in the bone marrow (Myel/o)
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| Myel/o | bone marrow
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| myelogenic | pertaining to creation by the bone marrow
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| hematopoiesis | the formation of blood
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| erythropoiesis | the formation of erythrocytes (RBC's)
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| leukopoiesis | the formation of leukocytes (WBC's)
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| thrombopoiesis | the formation of thrombocytes (clot cells)
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| thrombocytes are | clot cells AKA platelets
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| leukocytosis | an abnormal condition of excessive leukocytes (WBC's)
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| osis when referring to cells | always mean an abnormal condition of EXCESSIVE
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| thrombocytopenia | a deficiency of thrombocytes (platelets)
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| morph/o | shapes
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| morphology | the study of shapes
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| prophylaxis or prophylactic | to prevent or protect
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| sternotomy | surgical incision of the sternum (breastbone)
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| Hypertensive Heart Disease (HHD) | heart disease caused by chronic high blood pressure(HyperTensioN (HTN))
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| hypertension (HTN) | high blood pressure
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| chronic | persistent or recurring
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| hypotension | low blood pressure
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| arrhythmia (dysrhythmia) | abnormal cardiac electrical impulses (a condition of no rhythm)
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| palpitation(s) | chest discomfort caused by an arrhythmia
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| Holter monitor | ambulatory EKG device worn by a patient for 24 hours to detect arrhythmias
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| artificial pacemaker | device implanted under the skin to regulate heart rate
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| anticoagulant | against coagulation (clotting)
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| femoropopliteal ("fempop") bypass | surgery to establish an alternate route for blood flow between the femoral and popliteal arteries
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| Excessive Tolerance Test (ETT) | test of heart function while the patient is exercising AKA treadmill stress test
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| hypothermia (hypothermic) | a condition of deficient body heat
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| hyperthermia (hyperthermic) | a condition of excessive body heat
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| anastomosis (anastomoses) | joining(s)
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| malaise | a feeling of being unwell
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| exacerbate (exacerbation) | to get worse or make worse
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| gangrene (gangrenous) | putrefaction (rot) of tissue
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| Putrefaction (putrefy) | is caused by microbial proliferation (growth in numbers)
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| adipose tissue | fat tissue
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| patent | open
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| paroxysmal | sudden
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| infiltrate (infiltration) | to pass into or through
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| bone marrow biopsy (Bx) | pathologic analysis of a bone marrow tissue sample to diagnose blood disorders
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| ACLS | Advanced Cardiac Life Support
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| AMI | Acute Myocardial Infarction
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| Acute means | sudden
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| CBC | Complete Blood Count
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| H & H | Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
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| Hemoglobin | is a blood protein found inside RBC's and necessary for respiration
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| Healthy Hemoglobin requires | iron (Fe)
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| CCU | Coronary Care Unit
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| CCU step down is called | telemetry
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| CHF | Congestive Heart Failure
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| PVD | Peripheral Vascular Disease AKA Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
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| CABG | Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
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| a graft refers to | transplanted tissue
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| GVHR | Graft Versus Host Reaction
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| GVHR refers to | rejection of a graft
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| CPK (CK) and troponin | serum enzymes that elevate with muscle (cardiac) damage
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| ICD | Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
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