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Medical Language
cardiovascular, immune & lymphatic systems & blood Chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| thorac/o | chest |
| thoracodynia | a condition of chest pain |
| card/o, cardi/o, coron/o | heart |
| tachycardia | a condition of a fast heart (pulse) |
| bacterial endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium) caused by bacteria |
| myocarditis | inflammation of the myocardium (muscle layer) of the heart |
| myocardium | muscle layer of the heart |
| pericardiocentesis | surgical puncture of the pericardium (membraneous sac surrounding the heart) |
| pericardium | membraneous sac surrounding the heart |
| pericardiostomy | a new or artificial opening into the pericardium |
| cardiologist | a specialist in the study of the heart |
| cardiodynia | pain in the heart |
| dynia or algia | pain |
| phono | sound |
| phonocardiogram | a record of heart sounds |
| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart |
| cardiomyopathy | disease condition of the heart muscle |
| electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) | a record of the electrical activity of the heart |
| echocardiography (ECHO) | the process of recording the heart using sound |
| Diagnostic Imaging (DI) using sound is AKA | sonography, untrasound, or doppler |
| Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) | a record of the heart using sound waves transmitted across the esophagus |
| The escophagus connects the | pharynx (throat) to the stomach |
| pharynx | throat |
| CardioPulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) | emergency procedure consisting of artificial ventilation (breathing) and cardiac massage AKA Basic Life Support (BLS) |
| cardiac catheterization ("cardiac cath") | introduction of a catheter (small flexible tube) into the heart to determine cardiac disease AKA angiocardiography or coronary arteriography |
| catheter | small flexible tube |
| cardian scan | diagnostic imaging (DI) of the heart after introduction of a radioactive material |
| radioactive imaging | is performed in nuclear medicine |
| Contrast or (Radiopaque) | materials that illuminate when exposed to x-ray |
| coronary thrombosis | an abnormal condition of a thrombus (clot) in a coronary artery |
| coronary arteries | are the vessels that deliver oxygenated blood to the heart tissue |
| coronary occlusion (obstruction, or infarction) | an obstruction (infarction) of a coronary artery AKA Myocardial Infarction (MI) or "heart attack" |
| embolus (embolism) or emboli | a floating clot |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | an abnormal condition of a clot in a deep vein of a leg |
| sedentary lifestyle | little or no regular exercise |
| TED hose or Jobst stockings | antiemboli (compression) hose |
| TED stands for | ThromboEmbolism Deterrent |
| ebolectomy | surgical removal of an embolus (floating clot) |
| myocardial ischemia | starvation of oxygenated blood to the cardia muscle AKA Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) |
| ischemia | starvation of oxygenated blood |
| angina pectoris | thoracodynia caused by an ischemic heart |
| intracoronary thrombolytic therapy | a treatment to break up a clot(s) within the coronary arteries AKA "Clot Buster" |
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) | surgical repair of a coronary artery(ies) using a catheter (small flexible tube) with an inflatable balloon |
| lumen (lumina) | the inside diameter(s) of a vessel |
| coronary stent | a device that prevents closure after an angioplasty |
| necr/o | death |
| myocardial necrosis | death of the heart muscle |
| valv/o or valvul/o | valve |
| valvotomy | surgical incision of a valve |
| valvuloplasty | surgical repair of a heart valve |
| heart murmur | the sound caused from regurgitation of blood past an incompetent valve |
| regurgitation | back flow or reflux |
| another name for Murmur | bruit (bruee, sounds like) |
| vas/o, vascul/o, angi/o | (blood) vessel(s) |
| vasodilation | increased diameter of blood vessels |
| vasoconstriction | decreased diameter of blood vessels |
| cardiovascular | pertaining to the heart and (blood) vessels |
| peripheral vascular | pertaining to the blood vessels outside of the heart |
| angiospasm | an involuntary muscle contraction of a (blood) vessel |
| angiogram | a record of a (blood) vessel |
| angiostenosis | narrowing of a (blood) vessel |
| angiocarditis | inflammation of a heart vessel |
| angioma | a tumor or mass of a (blood) vessel |
| angioscopy | the process of using a usually lighted instrument to view a (blood) vessel |
| angiography | the process of recording (blood) vessel |
| arter/o or arteri/o | artery(ies) |
| arteriorrhexis | rupture of an artery |
| arteriography | the process of recording arteries |
| polyarteritis | inflammation of many arteries |
| arteriogram | a record of an artery |
| arteriol/o or arteriole(s) | small arteries |
| arteriolitis | inflammation of arterioles (small artery(ies)) |
| -sclerosis | abnormal condition of hardening |
| osis | abnormal condition |
| -scler | hardening |
| arteriosclerosis | abnormal condition of hardening of the arteries |
| ather/o | fatty plaque |
| atherosclerosis | an abnormal condition of hardening (of the arteries) caused by fatty plaque |
| Atherosclerosis will cause | arterial stenosis (narrowing) |
| Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | stenosis of a coronary artery(ies) caused by atherosclerosis |
| atherectomy | surgical removal of fatty plaque |
| endarterectomy | surgical removal of within an artery |
| cholesterol/o | cholesterol |
| Cholesterol is | one type of saturated fat (lipid). |
| hypercholesterolemia | a blood condition of excessive cholesterol |
| lipid profile | blood test for cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) HDL is AKA "good cholesterol" |
| aneurysm/o | aneurysm |
| aneurysm is | a weakness in an arterial septum (wall) |
| septum | wall |
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) | a weakness in the abdominal aortic septum |
| Aorta | is the largest artery in the body |
| dissecting aneurysm | tearing of an aneurysm |
| dissecting | tearing |
| phelb/o, ven/o, ven/i | vein(s) |
| venous | pertaining to a vein |
| venogram | a record of a vein |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
| phelbectomy | surgical removal of a vein |
| phlebography | the process of recording a vein |
| venipuncture | surgical puncture of a vein AKA phlebotomy |
| varicose veins (varicosities) | superficial, swollen, twisted, knotty, veins of a leg |
| ligation (ligate) and stripping | tying and removing |
| hemorrhoid/o | hemorrhoid(s) |
| Hemorrhoids are | swollen twisted vein(s) of the anal region. |
| hemorrhoidectomy | excision of a hemorrhoid |
| venul/o | venule |
| venules are | small veins |
| capillari/o | capillaries |
| capillaries are | microscopic arteries and veins where respiration takes place |
| Respiration is | the exchange of gasses |
| the gasses exchanged are | oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) |
| hem/o or hemat/o | blood |
| hemolysis (hemostatic) | the stoppage or controlling of bleeding |
| stasis or static | stop or control |
| hemorrhage (hemorrahgie) | the rapid flow of blood |
| hematologist | a specialist in the study of blood |
| hematoma | a mass of blood |
| lymph/o | lymph |
| Lymph is | immune tissue |
| aden/o | gland |
| lymphadenopathy | disease condition (edema) of the lymph glands |
| edema | swelling |
| lymphoma | tumor or mass of the lymph |
| lymphadenitis | inflammation of (a) lymph glands (nodes) |
| lymphangiogram | a record of the lymph vessels |
| splen/o | spleen |
| the spleen is | lymph tissue and is a reservoir (storage container) for erythorocytes (RBC's (red blood cells)) |
| lymphactic system is | a circulatory system without a pump |
| splenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen |
| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
| erythrocytes | Red Blood Cells (RBC's) |
| Erythrocytes (RBC's) carry | oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) |
| plasm/o | plasma |
| Plasma is the | liquid portion of the blood AKA serum |
| -apheresis | remove |
| plasmapheresis | removal of plasma from donated blood and the return of erythrocytes (RBC's), leukocytes (WBC's) and thrombocytes (platelets) to the patient |
| -poiesis | formation |
| blood formation occurs | in the bone marrow (Myel/o) |
| Myel/o | bone marrow |
| myelogenic | pertaining to creation by the bone marrow |
| hematopoiesis | the formation of blood |
| erythropoiesis | the formation of erythrocytes (RBC's) |
| leukopoiesis | the formation of leukocytes (WBC's) |
| thrombopoiesis | the formation of thrombocytes (clot cells) |
| thrombocytes are | clot cells AKA platelets |
| leukocytosis | an abnormal condition of excessive leukocytes (WBC's) |
| osis when referring to cells | always mean an abnormal condition of EXCESSIVE |
| thrombocytopenia | a deficiency of thrombocytes (platelets) |
| morph/o | shapes |
| morphology | the study of shapes |
| prophylaxis or prophylactic | to prevent or protect |
| sternotomy | surgical incision of the sternum (breastbone) |
| Hypertensive Heart Disease (HHD) | heart disease caused by chronic high blood pressure(HyperTensioN (HTN)) |
| hypertension (HTN) | high blood pressure |
| chronic | persistent or recurring |
| hypotension | low blood pressure |
| arrhythmia (dysrhythmia) | abnormal cardiac electrical impulses (a condition of no rhythm) |
| palpitation(s) | chest discomfort caused by an arrhythmia |
| Holter monitor | ambulatory EKG device worn by a patient for 24 hours to detect arrhythmias |
| artificial pacemaker | device implanted under the skin to regulate heart rate |
| anticoagulant | against coagulation (clotting) |
| femoropopliteal ("fempop") bypass | surgery to establish an alternate route for blood flow between the femoral and popliteal arteries |
| Excessive Tolerance Test (ETT) | test of heart function while the patient is exercising AKA treadmill stress test |
| hypothermia (hypothermic) | a condition of deficient body heat |
| hyperthermia (hyperthermic) | a condition of excessive body heat |
| anastomosis (anastomoses) | joining(s) |
| malaise | a feeling of being unwell |
| exacerbate (exacerbation) | to get worse or make worse |
| gangrene (gangrenous) | putrefaction (rot) of tissue |
| Putrefaction (putrefy) | is caused by microbial proliferation (growth in numbers) |
| adipose tissue | fat tissue |
| patent | open |
| paroxysmal | sudden |
| infiltrate (infiltration) | to pass into or through |
| bone marrow biopsy (Bx) | pathologic analysis of a bone marrow tissue sample to diagnose blood disorders |
| ACLS | Advanced Cardiac Life Support |
| AMI | Acute Myocardial Infarction |
| Acute means | sudden |
| CBC | Complete Blood Count |
| H & H | Hemoglobin and Hematocrit |
| Hemoglobin | is a blood protein found inside RBC's and necessary for respiration |
| Healthy Hemoglobin requires | iron (Fe) |
| CCU | Coronary Care Unit |
| CCU step down is called | telemetry |
| CHF | Congestive Heart Failure |
| PVD | Peripheral Vascular Disease AKA Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) |
| CABG | Coronary Artery Bypass Graft |
| a graft refers to | transplanted tissue |
| GVHR | Graft Versus Host Reaction |
| GVHR refers to | rejection of a graft |
| CPK (CK) and troponin | serum enzymes that elevate with muscle (cardiac) damage |
| ICD | Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator |
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