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Medical Language
cardiovascular, immune & lymphatic systems & blood Chapter 10
Question | Answer |
---|---|
thorac/o | chest |
thoracodynia | a condition of chest pain |
card/o, cardi/o, coron/o | heart |
tachycardia | a condition of a fast heart (pulse) |
bacterial endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium) caused by bacteria |
myocarditis | inflammation of the myocardium (muscle layer) of the heart |
myocardium | muscle layer of the heart |
pericardiocentesis | surgical puncture of the pericardium (membraneous sac surrounding the heart) |
pericardium | membraneous sac surrounding the heart |
pericardiostomy | a new or artificial opening into the pericardium |
cardiologist | a specialist in the study of the heart |
cardiodynia | pain in the heart |
dynia or algia | pain |
phono | sound |
phonocardiogram | a record of heart sounds |
cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart |
cardiomyopathy | disease condition of the heart muscle |
electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) | a record of the electrical activity of the heart |
echocardiography (ECHO) | the process of recording the heart using sound |
Diagnostic Imaging (DI) using sound is AKA | sonography, untrasound, or doppler |
Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) | a record of the heart using sound waves transmitted across the esophagus |
The escophagus connects the | pharynx (throat) to the stomach |
pharynx | throat |
CardioPulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) | emergency procedure consisting of artificial ventilation (breathing) and cardiac massage AKA Basic Life Support (BLS) |
cardiac catheterization ("cardiac cath") | introduction of a catheter (small flexible tube) into the heart to determine cardiac disease AKA angiocardiography or coronary arteriography |
catheter | small flexible tube |
cardian scan | diagnostic imaging (DI) of the heart after introduction of a radioactive material |
radioactive imaging | is performed in nuclear medicine |
Contrast or (Radiopaque) | materials that illuminate when exposed to x-ray |
coronary thrombosis | an abnormal condition of a thrombus (clot) in a coronary artery |
coronary arteries | are the vessels that deliver oxygenated blood to the heart tissue |
coronary occlusion (obstruction, or infarction) | an obstruction (infarction) of a coronary artery AKA Myocardial Infarction (MI) or "heart attack" |
embolus (embolism) or emboli | a floating clot |
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | an abnormal condition of a clot in a deep vein of a leg |
sedentary lifestyle | little or no regular exercise |
TED hose or Jobst stockings | antiemboli (compression) hose |
TED stands for | ThromboEmbolism Deterrent |
ebolectomy | surgical removal of an embolus (floating clot) |
myocardial ischemia | starvation of oxygenated blood to the cardia muscle AKA Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) |
ischemia | starvation of oxygenated blood |
angina pectoris | thoracodynia caused by an ischemic heart |
intracoronary thrombolytic therapy | a treatment to break up a clot(s) within the coronary arteries AKA "Clot Buster" |
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) | surgical repair of a coronary artery(ies) using a catheter (small flexible tube) with an inflatable balloon |
lumen (lumina) | the inside diameter(s) of a vessel |
coronary stent | a device that prevents closure after an angioplasty |
necr/o | death |
myocardial necrosis | death of the heart muscle |
valv/o or valvul/o | valve |
valvotomy | surgical incision of a valve |
valvuloplasty | surgical repair of a heart valve |
heart murmur | the sound caused from regurgitation of blood past an incompetent valve |
regurgitation | back flow or reflux |
another name for Murmur | bruit (bruee, sounds like) |
vas/o, vascul/o, angi/o | (blood) vessel(s) |
vasodilation | increased diameter of blood vessels |
vasoconstriction | decreased diameter of blood vessels |
cardiovascular | pertaining to the heart and (blood) vessels |
peripheral vascular | pertaining to the blood vessels outside of the heart |
angiospasm | an involuntary muscle contraction of a (blood) vessel |
angiogram | a record of a (blood) vessel |
angiostenosis | narrowing of a (blood) vessel |
angiocarditis | inflammation of a heart vessel |
angioma | a tumor or mass of a (blood) vessel |
angioscopy | the process of using a usually lighted instrument to view a (blood) vessel |
angiography | the process of recording (blood) vessel |
arter/o or arteri/o | artery(ies) |
arteriorrhexis | rupture of an artery |
arteriography | the process of recording arteries |
polyarteritis | inflammation of many arteries |
arteriogram | a record of an artery |
arteriol/o or arteriole(s) | small arteries |
arteriolitis | inflammation of arterioles (small artery(ies)) |
-sclerosis | abnormal condition of hardening |
osis | abnormal condition |
-scler | hardening |
arteriosclerosis | abnormal condition of hardening of the arteries |
ather/o | fatty plaque |
atherosclerosis | an abnormal condition of hardening (of the arteries) caused by fatty plaque |
Atherosclerosis will cause | arterial stenosis (narrowing) |
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | stenosis of a coronary artery(ies) caused by atherosclerosis |
atherectomy | surgical removal of fatty plaque |
endarterectomy | surgical removal of within an artery |
cholesterol/o | cholesterol |
Cholesterol is | one type of saturated fat (lipid). |
hypercholesterolemia | a blood condition of excessive cholesterol |
lipid profile | blood test for cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) HDL is AKA "good cholesterol" |
aneurysm/o | aneurysm |
aneurysm is | a weakness in an arterial septum (wall) |
septum | wall |
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) | a weakness in the abdominal aortic septum |
Aorta | is the largest artery in the body |
dissecting aneurysm | tearing of an aneurysm |
dissecting | tearing |
phelb/o, ven/o, ven/i | vein(s) |
venous | pertaining to a vein |
venogram | a record of a vein |
phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
phelbectomy | surgical removal of a vein |
phlebography | the process of recording a vein |
venipuncture | surgical puncture of a vein AKA phlebotomy |
varicose veins (varicosities) | superficial, swollen, twisted, knotty, veins of a leg |
ligation (ligate) and stripping | tying and removing |
hemorrhoid/o | hemorrhoid(s) |
Hemorrhoids are | swollen twisted vein(s) of the anal region. |
hemorrhoidectomy | excision of a hemorrhoid |
venul/o | venule |
venules are | small veins |
capillari/o | capillaries |
capillaries are | microscopic arteries and veins where respiration takes place |
Respiration is | the exchange of gasses |
the gasses exchanged are | oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) |
hem/o or hemat/o | blood |
hemolysis (hemostatic) | the stoppage or controlling of bleeding |
stasis or static | stop or control |
hemorrhage (hemorrahgie) | the rapid flow of blood |
hematologist | a specialist in the study of blood |
hematoma | a mass of blood |
lymph/o | lymph |
Lymph is | immune tissue |
aden/o | gland |
lymphadenopathy | disease condition (edema) of the lymph glands |
edema | swelling |
lymphoma | tumor or mass of the lymph |
lymphadenitis | inflammation of (a) lymph glands (nodes) |
lymphangiogram | a record of the lymph vessels |
splen/o | spleen |
the spleen is | lymph tissue and is a reservoir (storage container) for erythorocytes (RBC's (red blood cells)) |
lymphactic system is | a circulatory system without a pump |
splenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen |
splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
erythrocytes | Red Blood Cells (RBC's) |
Erythrocytes (RBC's) carry | oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) |
plasm/o | plasma |
Plasma is the | liquid portion of the blood AKA serum |
-apheresis | remove |
plasmapheresis | removal of plasma from donated blood and the return of erythrocytes (RBC's), leukocytes (WBC's) and thrombocytes (platelets) to the patient |
-poiesis | formation |
blood formation occurs | in the bone marrow (Myel/o) |
Myel/o | bone marrow |
myelogenic | pertaining to creation by the bone marrow |
hematopoiesis | the formation of blood |
erythropoiesis | the formation of erythrocytes (RBC's) |
leukopoiesis | the formation of leukocytes (WBC's) |
thrombopoiesis | the formation of thrombocytes (clot cells) |
thrombocytes are | clot cells AKA platelets |
leukocytosis | an abnormal condition of excessive leukocytes (WBC's) |
osis when referring to cells | always mean an abnormal condition of EXCESSIVE |
thrombocytopenia | a deficiency of thrombocytes (platelets) |
morph/o | shapes |
morphology | the study of shapes |
prophylaxis or prophylactic | to prevent or protect |
sternotomy | surgical incision of the sternum (breastbone) |
Hypertensive Heart Disease (HHD) | heart disease caused by chronic high blood pressure(HyperTensioN (HTN)) |
hypertension (HTN) | high blood pressure |
chronic | persistent or recurring |
hypotension | low blood pressure |
arrhythmia (dysrhythmia) | abnormal cardiac electrical impulses (a condition of no rhythm) |
palpitation(s) | chest discomfort caused by an arrhythmia |
Holter monitor | ambulatory EKG device worn by a patient for 24 hours to detect arrhythmias |
artificial pacemaker | device implanted under the skin to regulate heart rate |
anticoagulant | against coagulation (clotting) |
femoropopliteal ("fempop") bypass | surgery to establish an alternate route for blood flow between the femoral and popliteal arteries |
Excessive Tolerance Test (ETT) | test of heart function while the patient is exercising AKA treadmill stress test |
hypothermia (hypothermic) | a condition of deficient body heat |
hyperthermia (hyperthermic) | a condition of excessive body heat |
anastomosis (anastomoses) | joining(s) |
malaise | a feeling of being unwell |
exacerbate (exacerbation) | to get worse or make worse |
gangrene (gangrenous) | putrefaction (rot) of tissue |
Putrefaction (putrefy) | is caused by microbial proliferation (growth in numbers) |
adipose tissue | fat tissue |
patent | open |
paroxysmal | sudden |
infiltrate (infiltration) | to pass into or through |
bone marrow biopsy (Bx) | pathologic analysis of a bone marrow tissue sample to diagnose blood disorders |
ACLS | Advanced Cardiac Life Support |
AMI | Acute Myocardial Infarction |
Acute means | sudden |
CBC | Complete Blood Count |
H & H | Hemoglobin and Hematocrit |
Hemoglobin | is a blood protein found inside RBC's and necessary for respiration |
Healthy Hemoglobin requires | iron (Fe) |
CCU | Coronary Care Unit |
CCU step down is called | telemetry |
CHF | Congestive Heart Failure |
PVD | Peripheral Vascular Disease AKA Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) |
CABG | Coronary Artery Bypass Graft |
a graft refers to | transplanted tissue |
GVHR | Graft Versus Host Reaction |
GVHR refers to | rejection of a graft |
CPK (CK) and troponin | serum enzymes that elevate with muscle (cardiac) damage |
ICD | Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator |