BIO201 - Ch 12 - Central Nervous System - Marieb/Hoehn - Rio Salado - AZ
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| Cephalization | show 🗑
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| The __ differentiates rapidly by the 4th week into the CNS | show 🗑
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| The brain forms __ & spinal cord develops from __ portion of neural tube. | show 🗑
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| show | Prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon (midbrain), & rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
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| show | "brain"
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| Secondary brain vesicles | show 🗑
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| show | Telencephalon which sprouts 2 latteral swellings @ 5 wks.
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| show | outer layer of brain consisting of neuron cell bodies.
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| Hollow ventricular chambers are filled w/__ & lined with __. | show 🗑
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| Interventricular Foramen | show 🗑
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| show | Canal-like structure linking 3rd & 4th ventricle.
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| show | The central canal of the spinal cord.
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| The lateral & median aperatures connect 4th ventricle to __. | show 🗑
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| show | Gyri, sulci, fissures.
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| show | Separates cerebral hemispheres
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| show | Separates cerebral hemispheres from cerebellum.
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| Name the 5 lobes of each hemisphere. | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior cranial fossa
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| Conscious mind is found in the __. | show 🗑
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| Gray Matter | show 🗑
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| Specific motor & sensory functions are localizedin descrete cortical __. | show 🗑
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| Cerebral cortex contains 3 functional areas. | show 🗑
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| All neurons in the cortex are __. | show 🗑
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| show | Central Sulcus
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| show | Precentral gyrus of frontal lobe of each hemisphere.
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| Pyramidal Cells | show 🗑
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| show | Primary motor cortex of each hemisphere.
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| Somatotopy | show 🗑
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| show | Controls learned motor skills - repetitious-memory bank for skilled motor activities.
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| show | In 1 hemosphere only - motor speech area.
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| Frontal eye field | show 🗑
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| Primary somatosensory cortex | show 🗑
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| show | Rec. info from proprioceptros (position sense receptors) & identifying body region being stimulated.
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| Somatosensory association cortex | show 🗑
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| Primary visual (striate) cortex | show 🗑
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| Visual association area | show 🗑
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| Primary auditory cortex | show 🗑
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| Auditory association area | show 🗑
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| Olfactory (smell) cortex | show 🗑
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| show | In insula - perception of taste.
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| show | In cortex of insula - conscious perception of viseral sens.
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| Vestibular (equilibrium) cortex | show 🗑
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| Multimodal association cortex | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior (prefrontal),posterior, & limbic
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| show | Frontal lobe - prefrontal cortex - most complicated cognition, recall & personality. Develops slowly - maturity.
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| show | Prefrontal cortex
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| Posterior association area | show 🗑
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| Limbic association area | show 🗑
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| show | Division of labor into hemispheres.
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| Left hemisphere | show 🗑
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| show | Visual-spatial skills, intuition, emotion, creativity.
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| Cerebral white matter | show 🗑
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| Fibers & tracts have 3 classification directions. | show 🗑
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| Commissures | show 🗑
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| Corpus Callosum | show 🗑
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| show | Connect different parts of same hemisphere.
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| Projection Fibers | show 🗑
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| show | compact band of projection fibers on top of brain stem - fans out (coronal radiata) to cerebral wt.matter to cortex.
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| show | Regulate attention & cognition - Caudate nucleus, putamon, & globus pallidus - collection of nerve bodies in CNS
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| Where does Parkenson's hit? | show 🗑
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| Diencephalon | show 🗑
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| Thalamus | show 🗑
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| What is known as the "gateway to the cerebral cortex?" | show 🗑
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| show | Hindbrain region - traffic center for signals between cerebellum & forebrain.
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| show | Coordinates reflex responses to sights & sounds - has the "tectum" (roof of gray matter). Cerebral peduncles, cerebral aqueduct, & tectum.
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| Forebrain | show 🗑
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| Cerebrum | show 🗑
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| show | Caps brain stem - main visceral control center - regulates body activities: temp, autonomic control center, sleep-wake, & endocrine.
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| show | Pineal gland here - regulates sleep-wake cycle.
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| Brain Stem | show 🗑
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| show | Verticle pillars holding up cerebrum.
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| show | Vagus
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| show | Cerebellum
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| __ is major coordinating center for sensory signal. | show 🗑
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| Thalamus | show 🗑
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| show | The body's supercenter for controlling homeostatic adjustments in internal organs.
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| Reticular Formation | show 🗑
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| Limbic System | show 🗑
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| show | Language, dexterity, movement, & balance - occurs spontaneously - motor control & sense of position.
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| show | Hindbrain, midbrain & forebrain.
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| Hindbrain | show 🗑
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| Superior Colliculi | show 🗑
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| show | Auditory relay to sensory cortex - startle reflex
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| Substantia Nigra | show 🗑
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| Medulla Oblongata | show 🗑
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| show | Vermis
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| Anterior & posterior lobes of cerebellum __. | show 🗑
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| All fibers entering & leaving the cerebellum are __. | show 🗑
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| show | direct
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| show | Muscle tone & clumsy, unsure movements.
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| show | Amygdala here - is our emotional brain & cingulate gyrus - expressing emotion through gestures - relayed through hypothalamus.
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| Reticular Formation | show 🗑
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| show | Acts as filter for flood of sensory input - is inhibited by sleep center & drugs - coma - central to wakefulness.
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| Alpha Waves | show 🗑
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| Beta Waves | show 🗑
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| show | 4-7 Hz - common in chldren - abnormal in awake adults.
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| Delta Waves | show 🗑
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| show | Petit Mal - mild seizures - face goes blank.
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| show | Grand Mal - severe, convulsive epileptic seizure.
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| Vagus Nerve Stimulator | show 🗑
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| show | Fainting or syncope.
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| In coma oxygen use is always __ normal. | show 🗑
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| show | Cortical activity - brainstem
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| show | Greater
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| show | NonREM stages 3 & 4
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| show | RAS
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| show | Unconsciousness
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| show | Midbrain reticular formation
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| Arachnoid Mater | show 🗑
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| Pia Mater | show 🗑
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| Cerebrospinal fluid reduces brain weight by __. | show 🗑
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| CFS (cerebrospinal fluid) formed from __. | show 🗑
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| Hydrocephalus | show 🗑
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| show | Tight junctions between capillary endothelial cells thatmake them the least permeable capillaries in body.
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| Contre coup injury | show 🗑
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| show | Fats, fatty acids, oxygen, CO2, & fat-soluable alcohol, nicotine & anesthetics can affect the brain.
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| show | Coma - due to injury of reticular activating sys. (RAS)
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| Cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) also are called? | show 🗑
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| ischemia | show 🗑
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| show | Paralyzed on one side of body.
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| Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) | show 🗑
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| Huntington's Disease | show 🗑
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| show | Caudal portion.
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| show | Interneurons (dorsal)
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| Basal plate neuroblasts become __. | show 🗑
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| Dorsal root ganglia contain __. | show 🗑
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| show | L1 & L2
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| show | Where spinal cord terminates in tapering cone.
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| show | Anchors spinal cord to coccyx.
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| Why does spinal cord enlarge in cervical & lumbar areas? | show 🗑
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| __ pairs of spinal nerves attach to cord by paired roots. | show 🗑
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| show | Intervertebral formina
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| show | Anterior median fissue & posterior median sulcus.
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| Gray matter of cord is in __, white is __. | show 🗑
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| Gray commissure | show 🗑
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| Small lateral horns are present in __ & __. | show 🗑
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| show | Multipolar
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| show | Interneurons
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| Ventral horns of spinal cord are mostly __. | show 🗑
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| Afferent fibers from peripheral sensory receptors form __. | show 🗑
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| First-order Neurons | show 🗑
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| Second-order Neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Cell body in thalamus-conduct to somatosensory cortex of cerebrum.
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| show | Lou Gehrig's disease - destruction of ventral horn motor neurons & pyramidal tract.
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| show | 4
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| 2 regions that are critically important for language. | show 🗑
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| show | Persistant increase in synaptic strength.
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| From external to internal, the meninges are: | show 🗑
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| show | "Tough Mother" - strongest meninx - surrounds brain.
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| 3 basic kinds of neurons. | show 🗑
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| Sensory neurons | show 🗑
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| show | In the spinal cord & brain - receive & process sensory input & send signals to other neurons.
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| show | Relay signals from interneurons to effectors - muscles & glands - that carry out responses.
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