AP European History Terms for the Midyear Exam
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| show | The recovery and study of classical authors and writings
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| show | The emphasis on the unique and creative personally
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| show | The term applied to Louis the XI of France, Henry the VII of England, and Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, who strengthened their monarchical authority often by Machiavellian means
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| show | The application and use of reason in understanding and explaining events
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| show | The period from 1400 to 1600 that witnessed a transformation of cultural and intellectual values from primarily Christian to classical or secular ones
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| Secularism | show 🗑
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| Lorenzo Valla | show 🗑
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| Virtu | show 🗑
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| Baroque | show 🗑
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| show | Pious laypeople in the sixteenth-century Holland who initiated a religious revival of their model of christian living
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| John Calvin | show 🗑
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| show | (1519-1556) Hapsburg dynastic ruler of the Holy Roman Empire and of extensive territories in Spain and the Netherlands
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| show | The congress of learned Roman Catholic authorities that met intermittently from 1545 to 1563 to reform abusive church practices and reconcile with the protestants
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| Index | show 🗑
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| Indulgence | show 🗑
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| Inquisition | show 🗑
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| John Knox | show 🗑
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| Martin Luther | show 🗑
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| Sir Thomas More | show 🗑
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| show | The practice of rewarding relatives with church positions
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| show | (1555) Document in which Charles V recognized Lutheranism as a legal religion in the HRE The faith of the prince determined the religion of his subjects
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| show | The holding of several benefices, or church offices
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| Simony | show 🗑
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| Theocracy | show 🗑
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| Usury | show 🗑
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| Gustavus Adolphus | show 🗑
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| show | (1508-1582) Military leader sent by Philip II to pacify the Low Countris
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| show | (1588)Spanish vessels defeated in the English channel by an English fleet, thus preventing Philip II's invasion of England
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| show | First European to reach the Pacific Ocean, 1513
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| show | (1547-1589) The wife of Henry II (1547-1559)of France, who exercised political influence after the death of her husband and during the rule of her weak sons
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| Christopher Columbus | show 🗑
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| Fernando Cortez | show 🗑
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| Defenestration of Prague | show 🗑
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| Bartholomew Diaz | show 🗑
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| Dutch East India Company | show 🗑
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| show | (1598) The edict of Henry IV that granted Huguenots the rights of public worship and religious toleration in France
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| show | (1558-1603) Protestant ruler of England who helped stabilize religious tensions by subordinating theological issues to political considerations
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| show | Sponsor of voyages along the West African coasts, 1418
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| show | (1589-1610) Formerly Henry of Navarre; ascended the French throne as a convert to Catholicism. Survived St. Bartholomew's Day, Signed Edict of Nantes, quoted as saying "Paris is worth a mass"
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| show | French Calvinists
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| show | Circumnavigator of the globe, 1519-1522
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| show | (1648)The treaty ending the
Thirty Years' War in Germany; it allowed each prince-whether Lutheran, Catholic, or Calvinist-to choose the established creed of his territory
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| show | (1556-1598) Son and successor to Charles V, ruling Spain and the Low Countries
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| Francisco Pizarro | show 🗑
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| show | (August 24, 1572) Catholic attack on Calvinists on the marriage day of Margaret of Valois to Henry of Navarre(later Henry IV)
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| show | (1572-1584) Leader of the seveteen provinces of the Netherlands
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| show | (1585-1642) Minister to Louis XIII. His three point plan (1. break the power of the nobility, 2. Humble the House of Austria. 3. Control the Protestants) helped to send France on the road to absolute monarchy.
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| show | The theory that the monarch is supreme and can exercise full and complete power unilaterally
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| Bill of Rights | show 🗑
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| show | (1625-1649) Stuart King who brought conflict with Parliament to a head and was subsequently executed
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| show | (1660-1685) Stuart king during the restoration, following Cromwell's Interregnum
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| Colbert | show 🗑
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| show | The theory that power should be shared between rulers and their subjects and the state governed according to laws
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| show | (1559-1658) the principal leader and a gentry member of the Puritans in Parliament
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| show | Radical groups in England in the 1650s who called for the abolition of private ownership and extension of the franchise
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| show | The belief that a monarch's power derives from God and represents Him on earth
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| show | (1740-1786) The Prussian ruler who expanded his territory by invading the duchy of Silesia and defeating Maria Theresa of Austria
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| Fredrick William | show 🗑
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| show | A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne and was replaced by is daughter Mary and her husband, Prince William of Orange
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| show | The last aristocratic revolt against a French monarch
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| Habeas Corpus | show 🗑
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| show | (1588-1679) Political theorist advocating absolute monarchy based on his concept of an anarchic state of nature
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| show | The period of Cromwellian rule (1649-1659), between the Stuart dynastic rules of Charles I and Charles II
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| James I | show 🗑
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| James II | show 🗑
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| John Locke | show 🗑
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| Louis XIV | show 🗑
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| Maria Theresa | show 🗑
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| Mercantilism | show 🗑
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| show | The disciplined fighting force of Protestants led by Oliver Cromwell in the English civil war
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| Peace of Utrecht | show 🗑
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| Peter the Great | show 🗑
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| Petition of Right | show 🗑
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| Puritan Revolution | show 🗑
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| Puritans | show 🗑
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| Restoration | show 🗑
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| show | (1673) Law prohibiting Catholics and dissenters to hold political office
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| Versailles | show 🗑
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| show | (1701-1713) The last of Louis XIV's wars involving the issue of succession to the Spanish throne
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| William of Orange | show 🗑
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| show | the geocentric view of the universe that prevailed from the fourth century B.C. to the sixteenth centuries and accorded with church teachings and scriptures
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| Francis Bacon | show 🗑
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| show | (1473-1543) Polish astronomer who posited a heliocentric universe in place of geocentric universe
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| Deism | show 🗑
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| show | (1596-1650) Deductive thinker whose famous saying cogito, ergo sum(I think therefor I am) challenged the notion of truth as being derived from tradition and scriptures
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| Enlightenment | show 🗑
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| show | (1564-1642) Italian scientist who formulated terrestrial laws and the modern law of inertia; he also provided evidence for the Copernican hypothesis
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| show | The economic concept of the Scottish philosophe Adam Smith(1723-1790). In opposition to mercantalism, Smith urged governments to keep hands off the operation of the economy.
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| show | (1642-1727) English scientist who formulated the law of gravitation that posited a universe operating in accord with natural law
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| Philosophes | show 🗑
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| show | Organized bodies for scientific study
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| Tabula Rasa | show 🗑
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| show | Crime and Punishment
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| Denis Diderot | show 🗑
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| show | An Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding
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| show | Two Treatises on Government; Essay on Human Understanding
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| show | Spirit of the Laws
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| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | show 🗑
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| show | Wealth of Nations
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| Voltaire | show 🗑
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| show | A Vindication of the Rights of Women
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| show | France prior to the French revolution
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| show | The political prison and armory stormed on July 14, 1789, by Partisian city workers alarmed by the king's concentration of troops at Versailles
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| Cahier de doleances | show 🗑
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| Code Napoleon | show 🗑
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| Committee of Public Safety | show 🗑
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| show | Napoleon's arrangement with Pope Pius VII to heal religious division in France with a united Catholic church under bishops appointed by the government
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| show | Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding importation of British goods in Europe
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| show | Overthrow of those in power
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| show | (1791) Austria and Prussia agreed to intervene in France to end the revolution with the unanimous agreement of the great powers
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| show | (August 27, 1789) Document that embodied the liberal revolutionary ideas and general principles of the philosophes' writings
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| show | (1795-1799) The five-man executive committee that ruled France in its own interests as a republic after Robespierre's execution and prior to Napoleon's coming to power
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| Estates General | show 🗑
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| show | The panic and insecurity that struck French peasants in the summer of 1789 and led to their widespread destruction of manor houses and archives
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| show | The dominant group in the national convention in 1793 who replaced the Girondist. It was headed by Robespierre
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| Levee en Masse | show 🗑
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| Napoleon Bonaparte | show 🗑
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| show | Date of the declaration by liberal noblemen of the National Assembly at a secret meeting to abolish feudal regime in France
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| show | Law court staffed by nobles that could register or refuse to register a king's edict
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| show | (1808-1813) Napoleon's long drawn-out war with Spain
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| show | (1758-1794) Jacobin leader during the Reign of Terror (1793-1794)
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| show | A reference to Parisian workers who wore loose-fitting trousers rather than the tight fitting breeches worn by aristocratic men
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| Taille | show 🗑
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| show | Declaration mainly by members of the Third Estate not to disband until they had drafted a constitution for France(June 20, 1789)
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| Treaty of Tilsit | show 🗑
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