Pharm/Micro
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| acyclovir | antiviral
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| alendronate | bone growth regulator
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| amlodipine | calcium channel blocker
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| amoxicillin | antibiotic
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| atorvastatin calcium | antihyperlipidemic
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| atenolol | beta blocker
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| azithromycin | antibiotic, macrolide
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| bupropion | antidepressant
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| captopril | ace inhibitor
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| carbamazepine | anticonvulsant
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| carbidopa-levodopa | antiparkinson's
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| cefaclor | cephalosporin
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| ciprofloxacin | antibiotic
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| clarithromycin | antibiotic,macrolide
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| clonidine | antihypertensive
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| clopidogrel | antiplatelet
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| dexamethasone | glucocorticoid
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| diazepam | antianxiety
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| digoxin | cardiac glycoside
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| diltiazem | calcium channel blocker
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| divalproex Na (valproic acid) | anticonvulsant
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| enalapril | ace inhibitor, antihypertensive
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| enoxaparin | anticoagulant
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| escitalopram oxalate | antidepressant
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| fluconazole | antifungal
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| fluoxetine | antidepressant, SSRI
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| furosemide | loop diuretic
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| glyburide | antidiabetic
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| hydrochlorothiazide | diuretic, thiazide
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| ibandronate sodium | bone growth regulator
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| ipratropium | cholinergic blocking
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| lansoprazole | proton pump inhibitor
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| levothyroxine | thyroid product
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| lisinopril | ace inhibitor, antihypertensive
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| lovastatin | antihyperlipidemic
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| metformin | antidiabetic
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| metoprolol tartrate | beta blocker
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| metronidazole | trichomonacide, amebicide
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| montelukast | antiasthmatic
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| nitrofurantoin | urinary anti-infective
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| nystatin | antifungal
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| ondansetron | antiemetic
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| potassium chloride | electrolyte
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| propranolol | beta blocker
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| ranitidine | h2 receptor blocker
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| sertraline | antidepressant, SSRI
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| sildenafil | erectile dysfunctional
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| simvastatin | antihyperlipidemic
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| verapamil | calcium channel blocker
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| warfarin | anticoagulant
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| Pharmacology | study of drugs
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| not a major source of drugs | textiles
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| source of drug digitalis | wildflower
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| source of heparin | animal
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| source of epsom salts | mineral
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| example of drug used to prevent disease | Hepatitis B vaccine
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| example of drug to treat disease | antihistamines
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| example of diagnostic drugs | Iodine
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| example of drug to promote health maintenance | Vitamins
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| Rules that ensure uniform quality, strength, and purity of drugs | Standards
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| example of drugs to cure disease | antibiotics
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| U.S. food/Drug Admin responsible for enforcing | Drug Standards
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| Rationale for having drug standards | drugs differ in strength, quality, & purity
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| drug names describes molecular structure of what drug | Chemical
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| Official nonproprietary drug name assigned by manufacturer | Generic
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| Name under which drug is sold by specific manufacturer | Brand
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| Nirto-Bid, Nitrong, Nitrostat are examples of | Brand Names
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| examples of chemical name | Acetylsalicyclic acid
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| Provides information regarding drug products of major pharmaceutical company | Physcians Desk Ref. (PDR)
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| Term which regers to unintended/undesirable effects of drugs? | side effects/adverse reactions
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| Term refers to conditions for which a drug is used? | Indications
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| Term refers to undesirable effects produced when drugs are taken with certain foods or other drugs | Interactions
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| term refers to specific warnings to consider when administering drugs to pt's with specific condition or disease? | Precautions
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| Term which defines how a drug works | Action
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| Law identifies the drugs that are dangerous or subject to abuse | Controlled Substances 1990
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| Schedules of controlled substances contains drugs w/ highest potential of abuse | Schedule I
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| Agency responsible for enforcing Controlled Substances Act of 1990 | Drug Enforcement Admin
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| Advantage of synthetically created drugs | less expensive
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| drugs desired/predicted psych response | Therapeautic
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| analgesics used for pain management in case of terminal illness | Palliative drugs
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| Parameter that is NOT regulated by drug standards? | Drug price
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| Passage of drug from site of admin in bloodstream | Absorption
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| transportation of drug from bloodstream to body tissues and intended site of action? | Distribution
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| Series of chemical reactions that inactivate a drug by converting it into water-sluble compound? | Metabolism
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| Action insulin has on body | Replace natural substances that body lacks
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| Route of admin, time of day, drug admin, diet, environ, condition (factors of what) | Affect drug action
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| effect of drug mainly limited to area where it is applied or enters body | local effect
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| Systemic effect | travel through bloodstream
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| interaction of two drugs to inhibit or cancel each other effect | Antagonsim
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| 2 drugs in combination to great the effect | synergism
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| Psych drug dependence is? | drive or craving to take a drug to relieve discomfort
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| example of drugs commonly abused | all answers correct
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| health care worker's responsibilities with respect to admin drugs? | all answers correct
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| drug admin. through sublingual route? | Nitroglycerin
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| Organs does most of metabolism and detox of drugs take place? | Liver
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| Increased risk of toxicity from exposures to high doses of drug is not assoc. with which following pt types? | Pregnant
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| Used to calculate proper adult dose? | age and body weight
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| Inactive substance has no pharm effect but can make pt feel better? | Placebo
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| Will cause drugs that are taken orally to be absorbed more quickly? | gastrointestinal tract free of food
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| Side effect of aspirin therapy? | stomach irritation
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| Method used to calculate pediatric dose of meds? | body weight
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| Child who is 20 kg would weight in lbs | 44
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| Healthcare worker in DR. office encourage pt to obtain accurate measuring utensils from pharmacy? | Household utensils vary in size
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| Process of giving drugs by injection using needle and syring? | Parenteral Med. Admin.
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| Parental rougte involves breaking through skin's protective covering, increases risk of? | infection
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| Most common use of needle with length of 1 1/2 inches? | Intramuscular injection
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| Gauge needle would admin thick and sicky med? | 18G
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| Single dose glass container with bulb which can be broken off at neck? | Ampule
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| Small bottle with rubber stopper through which needle can be inserted? | Vial
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| NOT considered when choosing site to admin. an injection | Pt's gender
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| inner, lower arm, upper chest, back are sites of what injection | Interdermal
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| Interdermal Inj uses what syringe | tuberculin
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| Gauge & length used to perform ID injection | 25-26G, 3/8 inch needle
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| ID injection | 5-15 degree angle
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| reading diagnostic skin test, health care worker observe site for? | induration & erythema
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| outer, upper arm, front of thigh, abdomen, upper back, lower shoulder blades | subcutaneous
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| amt of med. to admin. using subcutaneous route? | 0.5-1.0mL
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| preferred site for IM inj. in infants & children? | Vastus Lateralis muscle
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| maximum amt of me. that may be injected via IM route? | 3.0mL
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| reflects speed of absorption of medication slowest to fastest? | ID, Sub, IM
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| angle of IM | 90 degree
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| Correct way to dispose of used syringe and needle | all answers
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| info must be charted after admin meds? | all answers
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| inj. procedures that prevents meds from backing up into other tissue layers? | z-track
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| route of med. admin. requires all supp. sterile? | Parenteral
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| abbrev. means 2x/day | bid
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| when admin meds, labeled checked | 3x
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| abbreviated describes admin. meds cause sleepiness | hs
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| on drug label will make easier for manufacturer to trace a problem to particular batch allowing for drug recall? | Lot #
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| abbrev. to use when documenting admin of med. by mouth? | PO
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| solid medication concern if child is fussy or crying? | choking
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| resultin gfrom interaction between sedatives and alcohol? | increased sedation
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| results from comb. of warfarin & aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-flammatory drugs (NSAID)? | increased action of warfarin
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| may occur in older adult, because drugs stay in effect longer and can build up in body | cumulative effect
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| guideline should be followed when admin meds to older adults? | give lower, less frequent doses
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| obtaining history from pt | all answers
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| Parental drugs and 4 routes | ID, SC, IM, IV
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| Steven Rights | patient, drug, dose, route, time, technique, document
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| Normally, urine is slightly acidic with a pH of | 6.0
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| Test based on the detection of Human chorionic gonadotropin | Pregnancy
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| All of the following are cells that may be found in the urine EXCEPT | opinionated cells
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| Individuals testing positive for ketones may have a fruity odor. This could be indicative of | diabetes
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| Clinitests are chemical tablets that determine the presence of certain | sugars
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| what type of urine specimen is collected after a meal? | 2-hour postprandial
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| Tube carrying urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder | Ureter
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| An organ for temporary storage | bladder
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| Each nephron is composed of | glomerulus and medulla
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| In health, the glomerular filtrate can contain | urea
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| Which of the following hormones are produced by the kidneys | all of the above
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| Which of the following is usually NOT measured in a 24 hour urine | bacteria
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| All of the following are true of yeasts EXEPT | they will lyse in KOH
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| The type of cast found in pyelonephritis is | WBC
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| his means decreased amount of urine production | Oliguria
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| This means excessive amounts of urine | Polyuria
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| This means absence of urine | Anuria
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| This means bacteria in the urine | Bacturia
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| This is the presence of protein in the urine | proteinuria
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| urine specimen most commonly collected | Random
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| If urine cannot be tested within 1 hour, it should be | refrigerated
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| Specimen most concentrated | First-Morning
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| Which specimen may have caustic Preservatives added to it? | 24 hour
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| What specimen does a quantitative urine test require? | 24 hour
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| This means abnormal sugar in the urine | Glycosuria
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| This means "Hidden" | Occult
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| Solid material remaining at the bottom of a test tube after centrifugation? | Sediment
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| Urine that is cloudy or opaque | Turbid
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| Term that means without shape | amorphous
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| What is the normal value for urobilinogen | 0.1-0.2
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| Testing urine for the presence of infection or disease | urinalysis
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| Urinalysis begins with what three characteristics? | Odor, Color, Appearance
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| What causes the breakdown of bilirubin? | light
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| The presence of bilirubin, may be one of the first signs of? | Liver disease
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| Kidney disease involving inflammation and lesions of the glomeruli | glomerulonephritis
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| The concentration at which a substance, excreted by the kidneys begins to appear in the urine | Renal Threshold
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| The weight of a substance in relation to the same amount of distilled water | specific gravity
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| functional unit of the kidney | Nephron
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| Capable of causing "birth defects" | Teratogenic
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| This solute is the highest concentration in the urine of a healthy adult | Urea
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| Inflammation of the renal pelvis | pyelitis
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| Bowman's capsule is the portion of the nephron that receives the glomerular _______ | filtrate
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| A substance that is toxic or destructive to kidney cells | nephrotoxic
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| The organ in which urine is formed | kidney
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| variety of waste products are eliminated from the body through the formation and excretion of | urine
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| the functional unit of the kidneys | nephron
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| two major treatments for kidney failure are kidney transplant and ____ | dialysis
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| The type of dialysis that gives the patient more freedom and independence is | peritoneal dialysis
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| antidiuretic hormone is aka | vaso perssion
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| a type of glomerulonephritis that can occur after an untreated or incompletely treated Strep A infection is | post-streptococcal GN
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| A midstream urine sample collected after the urethral opening and surrounding tissues have been cleansed | clean catch
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| urine sample collected at any time, without regard to diet or time of day | random
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| quantitative urine tests requires a ____ specimen. | 24 hour
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| When urine specimens cannot be regrigerated or must be transported, deterioration can be avoided by the addition of _____ | preservatives
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| absence of urine production | anuria
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| excessive production of urine | polyuria
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| urine specimen that is normally more concentrated and has an acid pH is | 1st void of day
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| An unpleasant ammonia-like odor in urine is usually caused by urea being broken down by ____ | bacteria
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| Urines collected to test for protein, barbiturates, or drugs of abuse can be preserved by ______ | refrigeration
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| Sinks used for discarding urine specimens should be flushed with water and ______ | disinfectant
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| Upon standing, a urine containing melanin will turn ____ | brown-black
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| Beets in the diet can cause the urine to be _____ | red
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| Turbidity or cloudiness in a freshly voided urine can be an indication of _____ | disease
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| Urine that has a milky, opalexcent appearance could contain _____ | fat & lipids
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| If a urine cannot be examined within 1 hour of collection, it can be refrigerated at 4 degrees C for up to ____ | 4 hours
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| Ketones are the product of ____ metabolism | fat/lipids
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| In an unrefrigerated urine containing bacteria, urea will be broken down to form ____ | ammonia
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| Before being analyzed, refrigerated urines should be allowed to reach _____ temperature | room
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| Ketonuria occurs when the body burns ___ for energy. | fat
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| The endpoint of the confirmatory test for urine protein is | precipitate
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| A degradation product of bilirubin that can be detected using the urine reagent strip is | urobilinogen
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| If white blood cells are present in urine, the ____ reagent strip pad should be positive. | leukocyte esterace
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| The Acetest is a confirmatory test for | keytones
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| In urinalysis, a protein matrix formed in the kidney tubules and washed out into the urine is | cast
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| The solids that settle to the bottom of a liquid are known as | sediment
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| When urine sediment is viewed under the microscope, _____ appear as small, pale, light-reflective disks. | RBC
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| The presence of large numbers of RBC's in the urine | hematuria
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| When urine sediment is viewed under the microscope, WBCs appear slightly larger than RBCs, have a granular appearance, and have a visible ____ | nucleus
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| The objective used to identify and classify epithelial cells in urine sediment | 40x
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| Possible chronic or acute renal disease can be indicated by large numbers of | renal tubulas cells
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| When urine sediment is examined under the microscope, yeast cells can be mistaken for ___ | RBCs
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| Trichomonas vaginalis moves through the action of slender lash-like appendages known as | Flagella
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| The most common yeast found in urine | candida albicans
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| A urine "dipstick" test for gCH is available and is CLIA-waived if read using | strip reader
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| After performing a urine hCG concentration, the preferred urine specimen is the first urine voided in | morning
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| If urine cannot be tested immediately for hCG, it can be stored for | 24-48 hours
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| The results of hCG tests should be reported follwing the policy of the institution, but the usual method is to report the test as negative or positive for hCG, not for | pregnancy
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| The "hormone of pregnancy" is | hCG
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| To urinate | Micturate
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| The absence of urine | anuria
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| excessive amounts of urine production | polyuria
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| blood in the urine | hematuria
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| the male reproductive cell | spermatozoa
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| bacteria in the urine | bacturia
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| it means that the urine is opque and does not allow light to pass through | turbid
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| the term for presence of abnormal sugar in the urine | glycosuria
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| the solid material that settles a tthe bottom of a test tube after centrifugation | sediment
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| provides valuable info about many function in the body, including kidney function | urinalysis
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| formed by the precipitation of urinary salts when the pH, temperature, or cencentration changes | crystals
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| the concentration at which a substance excreted by the kidneys, such as glucose, begins to appear in urine | renal threshold
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| byproducts of fat metabolism | ketones
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| weight of a substance in relation to the weight of the same amount of distilled water | specific gravity
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| Chemical material without shape | amorphous
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| pH of a solution indicates | acidity and alkalinity
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