VETERINARY-Developmental + degenerative joint diseases
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| Name a joint disease of young, fast-growing animals, particularly males | Osteochondrosis
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| Osteochondrosis involves which sections of bone? | Articular-epiphyseal cartilage complexes + physes
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| List possible causes of osteochondrosis | Trauma on cartilage weakened by other factors (nutritional, hormonal, vascular, genetic), ischemia to growing cartilage, copper deficiency
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| What is the initial event in osteochondrosis? | Damage to the blood supply in growing articular cartilage
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| What is a common sequele to osteochondrosis? | DJD
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| Joint mice can develop in joints with osteochondrosis. True or False? | True
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| What is the major predilection site in dogs for osteochondrosis? | The shoulder joint
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| What other manifestations are there in horse joints in addition to typical articular lesions? | Subchondral bone cysts, physitis, angular limb deformity, wobbler syndrome
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| Name the characteristics of hip dysplasia | Subluxation of hip joint due to lack of conformity between acetabulum + femoral head
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| What causes hip dysplasia? | It has a genetic component, could be environmental effects such as overfeeding
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| List predisposing factors of hip dysplasia | Low pelvic mass, hypotrophy of pectineus muscle, possible linkage with osteochondrosis
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| What are some gross lesions of hip dysplasia? | Shallow acetabulum, subluxation of femoral head, degenerative changes on articular cartilage of femoral head
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| Primary DJD occurs in young animals and secondary DJD occurs in older animals. True or False? | False-Primary DJD occurs mainly in older animals, no apparent predisposing cause. Secondary DJD occurs due to an underlying abnormality in the joint or supporting structures
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| List the possible predisposing causes of DJD | Trauma to ligaments, uneven articular surfaces, malaligned fractures, septic arthritis, persistant hemarthrosis
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| Yellow discoloration, fibrillation, eburnation, and pannus formation are gross changes of what joint disease? | Degenerative joint disease
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| Define fibrillation in reference to joints | Roughening of articular cartilage
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| Define eburnation | Loss of articular cartilage + sclerosis of the exposed subchondral bone
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| Define pannus formation | Extension of granulation tissue over articular cartilage from the synovial membrane
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| Define osteophyte formation | Nodular bony outgrowths around margin of articular cartilage and bone
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| Excessive synovial fluid is often found in joints with DJD True or False? | True
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