Special Topics
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| What is AVDC? | American Veterinary Dental College
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| What is VTS? | Veterinary Technician Specialist
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| What is AVDT? | Academy of Veterinary Dental Technicians
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| What is AVDS? | American Veterinary Dental Society
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| What is ASVDT? | American Society for Veterinary Dental Technicians
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| What is MGL? | Mucogingival Line
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| What is ONF? | Oronasal Fistulas
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| What is FORLs? | Feline Ondoclastic Resorptive Lesions
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| Regarding dental procedures, what can a vet tech NOT do? | Alter the dental arch in any way
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| How many hours of experience is required to be a dental specialist? | 6000
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| What type of teeth are loxodont? | tusks are 3rd molars (Ex: Elephants)
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| What type of teeth are polyphidont? | multiple sets of teeth (Ex: Shark)
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| What type of teeth are brachyodont? | Short crown, long root (Ex: Human, Cat, Dog)
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| What type of teeth are hypsodont? | Long crown, continues to erupt throught the animals life. (Ex: Horse, Rodent, Rabbit)
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| What type of teeth are diphyodont? | Have 2 sets of teeth, Deciduous then permanent. (Ex: Most mammals)
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| What structure are the upper teeth embedded in? | Maxilla
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| What structure are the lower teeth embedded in? | Mandible
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| What is another name for the incisive bone? | Premaxilla
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| What is TMJ? | Temporal Mandibular Junction
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| What bone comprises most of the bard palate? | palantine bone
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| What type of teeth are used for gnawing and grooming? | Incisors
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| What type of teeth are used for grasping and tearing? | Canines
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| What type of teeth are used for shearing and grinding? | Molars and premolars
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| What is another name for the upper 4th premolar? | Carnassial tooth
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| Define dentition. | Numbers and types of teeth
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| What are used to classify the normal dentitions of different animal species? | Dental formulas
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| How many deciduous teeth to puppies have? | 28
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| How many deciduous teeth do kittens have? | 26
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| How many permanent teeth do dogs have? | 42
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| How many permanent teeth do cats have? | 30
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| When does eruption of permanent teeth typically occur in puppies? | 3-7 months
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| When does eruption of permanent teeth typically occur in kittens? | 3-6 months
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| What is the dental formula of an adult dog? | 3I/3I, 1C/1C, 4P/4P, 2M/3M
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| What is the dental formula of a puppy? | 3i/3i, 1c/1c, 3p/3p
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| What is the dental formula of an adult cat? | 3I/3I, 1C/1C, 3P/2P, 1M/1M
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| What is the dental formula of a kitten? | 3i/3i, 1c/1c, 3p/2p
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| What is the hardest substance in the body? | enamel
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| What part of the tooth is visible in the mouth just above the gumline? | crown
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| What portion of the tooth prevents bacteria and acid from invading the tooth? | Enamel
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| True or false. Enamel regenerates. | False
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| What structure of the tooth sits below the gumline? | Root
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| What covers the root of a tooth? | Cementum
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| What is the term that refers to the tip of the root? | Apex
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| Where does the nerve enter from the jaw into the tooth? | Apex
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| ____________ is rough and textural to stay in place. | Cementum
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| Where are nerves contained in the tooth? | Pulp chamber
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| What substance is harder than bone but not harder than enamel and is very porous? | Dentin
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| What substance composes the bulk of the tooth and lies under both the enamel and cementum? | Dentin
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| What portion of the tooth produces dentin? | Pulp
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| What is the term that refers to the portion of the pulp located below the gumline? | root canal
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| What structures make up the periodontium? | Gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone
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| What are the two types that gingiva is divided into? | Free and attached
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| What type of gingiva lies closely against the tooth? | free gingiva
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| What type of gingiva is firmly connected to the alveolar bone? | attached gingiva
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| What is the shallow groove between the tooth and the gingiva? | Gingival sulcus
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| What term refers to an abnormal gingival sulcus? | Periodontal pocket
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| What is the junction line where the attached gingiva connects to the loose alveolar mucosa? | Mucogingival line
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| What structure is the dip on the surface of the crown of a tooth? | Cusp
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| What structure attaches the cementum to the alveolar bone? | Periodontal ligament
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| True or false. Cementum is capable of repairing itself. | True
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| What structure forms the tooth socket? | Alveolar bone
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| What directional term refers to a structure that is closer to the head in comparision with another structure? | Rostral
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| What directional term refers to a structure toward the back of the head when compared to another structure? | Caudal
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| What directional term refers to the tooth's surface that is facing the lips or vestibule? | Vestibular
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| What directional term refers to the vestibular surface of the teeth visible from the front? | Facial
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| What directional term refers to the surface of the mandibular teeth adjacent to the tongue? | Lingual
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| What directional term refers to the surface of the maxillary teeth adjacent to the palate? | Palatal
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| What is a vestibule? | Opening
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| What directional term refers to the portion of the tooth in line with the dental arcade that is closest to the most rostral portion of the midline of the dental arch? | Mesial
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| What directional term refers to the portion of the tooth that is closest to the most caudal portion of the midline of the dental arch? | Distal
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| What 2 terms refer to the postion of a tooth and its distance from the midline? | Mesial and distal
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| What directional term refers to a portion of the tooth closer to the apex? | apical
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| What directional term refers to a structure closer to the crown? | coronal
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| What directional term refers to the surface of a tooth facing the lips? | Labial
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| What directional term refers to the part of a tooth that meets with the teeth of the opposite dental arcade? | Occlusal
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| What directional term refers to the inside of the cheek or mouth? | Buccal
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| What term refers to the space between each individual tooth? | Interdental space
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| What term refers to the bump-like ridge around the base of the incisors nearest the tongue? | Cingulum
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| What term refers to the space between the roots of those teeth with multiple roots? | Interradicular space
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| What do orthodontics study? | The way in which the teeth occlude
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| Define occlusion. | The normal position of the teeth when the jaws are closed.
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| What is mesocephalic? | Well proportioned skull width and maxillary length.
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| What is dolichocephalic? | Narrow skull with a long maxilla
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| What is brachycephalic? | Wide skull with a short maxilla
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| In dogs, what teeth occlude in front of the upper canines? | Lower canines
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| What is the abnormality in the position of the teeth? | Malocclusion
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| What head shape is malocclusion most common in? | Brachycephalic
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| What species is malocclusion most common in? | Dogs
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| What are the 2 types of malocclusion? | Skeletal and dental
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| How many classes are there of malocclusion? | 4
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| What is mandibular prognathism? | Where the lower jaw is of normal length but the upper jaw is too short.
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| What is the medical name for underbite? | Mandibular prognathism
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| What shape of head is mandibular prognathism usually found in? | Brachycephalic
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| What is the medical name for overbite? | Mandibular Brachygnathism
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| What is mandibular brachygnathism? | Normal sized maxilla with a shorter mandible.
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| True or false. Mandibular brachygnathism is more common than mandibular prognathism. | False.
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| What is wry mouth? | Uneven growth which produces a wry occlusion in an individual quadrant of the mouth.
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| What is the medical name for reverse scissor? | anterior crossbite
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| What is the most common malocclusion in veterinary dentistry? | Anterior crossbite
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| What are the known causes of anterior crossbite? | Tug-of-war games and retained deciduous incisors.
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| What condition is a result of the mandible being wider than the maxilla in the carnassial tooth area? | Posterior crossbite
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| What is the most common dental problem seen in small animal practice? | retained deciduous teeth
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| Where are retained deciduous incisors positioned in comparision to permanent incisors? | In front of perm. teeth (Babies in the front)
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| Where are retained deciduous canines positioned in comparision to permanent canines? | Behind the perm. teeth. (Babies in the back)
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| Supernumerary is also referred to as what condition? | Polydontia
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| Polydontia occurs in what percentage of dogs? | 10%
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| What are the 2 type of teeth most commonly affected by polydontia? | mandibular premolars and maxillary incisors.
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| What is another name for the medical condition Oligodontia? | Hypodontia
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| What are the most common teeth that don't come in with hypodontia? | incisors or premolars
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| What is the normal depth of the gingival sulcus in dogs? | 1-3mm
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| What is the normal depth of the gingival sulcus in cats? | 1mm
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| How do you determine the depth of an animals gingival sulcus? | periodontal probe
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| What is branch of dentistry concerned with the study and treatment of the periodontium? | Periodontics
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| What is the most common disease in cats and dogs? | Periodontitis
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| How many stages does periodontitis have? | 4
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| What is plaque composed of? | bacteria, food debris, exfoliated cells, and salivary glycoproteins
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| Over time plaque will mineralize on the teeth causing what? | Tartar
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| What substance do plaque and tartar release, that can cause damage to the gingival tissues? | bacterial endotoxins
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| What organs are being affected with periodontitis? | Heart, liver, lungs, kidneys (Any organ that filters blood)
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| What is stage 1 of periodontitis? | "Gingivitis" - On evidence of attachment loss
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| Define halitosis. | Bad breath
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| What is stage 2 of periodontitis? | "Advanced Gingivitis" - Edema is present,Less than 25% attachment loss.
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| What stage is Periodontitis still curable? | 1 and 2
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| What is stage 3 of periodontitis? | "Established Stage" - 25-50% attachment loss, With grade 1 tooth mobility
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| True or false. Stage 3 Periodontitis can be cured. | False
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| What is stage 4 of periodontitis? | "Advanced Periodontal Disease" - Spontaneously bleeding gums. Greather than 50% attachment loss, Grade 2 and 3 mobility in single rooted teeth.
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| At what stages of periodontitis are furcations seen? | 3 and 4
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| What are the areas between the roots of multirooted teeth and are indicative of periodontal disease? | Furcations
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| How many classes are there for furcations? | 3
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| What instrument is used to grade the degree of furcation involvement? | Explorer probe
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| What is the 1st class of furcations? | Incipient
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| What is the 2nd class of furcations? | Definite reabsorption
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| What is the 3rd class of furcations? | Through and through
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| What teeth are most commonly affected by ONFs? | Maxillary canines
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| What condition will you find thickening of gum tissue in an area? | gingival hyperplasia
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| Overgrowth of gingiva can increase sulcus depths causing ________________. | Pseudopockets
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| What condition involves ginigival hyperplasia in small berry-like clusters? | Epulus
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| What should the tech always look for when doing the dental prophy? | Symmetry
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| What tool is used to remove 'cracks or gross calculus? | Calculus removers
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| What dental instrument has a slender wirelike working end that tapers to a sharp point and is used to explore the tooths surface? | Dental Explorer
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| Caries is another name for what? | Cavities
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| What tool is used to find cavities? | Dental explorer
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| What dental tool is used to measure attachment levels, sulcus and pocket depths? | Periodontal probe
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| What are the measurments found on a periodontal probe? | 1,2,3,5,7,8,9,10 (No 4 or 6)
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| What dental tool is used to remove tarter or calculus above the gumline? | Hand scaler
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| What dental tool is used to remove tarter below the gumline? | Curette
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| What tool is said to have 3 sharp sides? | Curette
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| How do ultrasonic scalers and polishers work? | Use vibrations and irrigation to remove tarter from the tooth's surface.
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| What step of the dental prophy is to smooth imperfections on the tooths surface caused by scaling? | Polishing
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| What is rubbed on the teeth before polishing? | Prophy Paste
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| Which tooth is skipped in numbering in the feline? | #5 (Just a space)
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| How do you mark an extracted tooth? | X
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| How do you mark a missing tooth? | O
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| Bottom premolars are number __. | 09 (309 and 409)
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| What is PE? | Pulp exposure
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| What is ST? | Stomatitis
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