Medications used in haem and derm logbooks
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| Benzoylperoxide | Acne
Direct antimicrobial & action as peeling agent by increasing skin turnover, decreasing comodome formation.
Topical treatment
First line treatment
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| Isotretinoin / Roaccutane | Acne
Retinoid (Vit A derivative) - Oral or Topical
Induces apoptosis of sebum glands and antimicrobial action on propionibacterium acnes
Topical - Adapalaene
Systemic - Roaccutane
Oral - dry skin lips eyes. Teratogenic. Liver damage. Depression
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| Tetracycline | Acne or Rosacea
Topical antibiotic
Works directly on propionibacterium acnes.
Protein synthesis inhibitor, blocks tRNA - bacteriostatic.
Can cause photosensitisation
Contraindicated in pregnancy and children under 12 (deposited in bone/teeth)
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| Erythromycin | Acne
Topical antibiotic
Macrolide antibiotic
Inhibits protein synthesis and has bactericidal effect at high concentrations.
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| Cyproterone | Acne
Anti-androgen - WOMEN ONLY
Reduces systemic androgen production - reducing sebum production.
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| Metronidazole | Rosacea
Anaerobes and Protozoa
Inhibits enzymes and DNA synthesis
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| Dermol 500 | Eczema & Psoriasis
Emollient, soap substitute and bath oil
Antimicrobial action
Forms barrier over skin reducing water loss. Aids water retention.
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| Hydromol | Eczema & Psoriasis
Urea containing humactant.
Moisturising effect and urea draws fluid into tissue.
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| Doublebase & Diprobase | Eczema & Psoriasis
Moisturising effect. No antimicrobial action
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| Coal Tar | Psoriasis & Seborrhoeic dermatitis
Coal Tar
Often used on scalps
Anti-inflammatory properties and keratolytic effects.
Skin irritation and staining.
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| Hydrocortisone | Mild topical steroid.
Eczema & Psoriasis
Immunosupression, reduction of inflammation.
Skin thinning, telangiectasia, easy bruising, striae.
0.5% only on faces. Up to 2.5% elsewhere
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| Eumovate | Moderate Topical steroid
Eczema & Psoriasis
Immunosupression, reduction of inflammation.
Skin thinning, telangiectasia, easy bruising, striae.
DO NOT USE ON FACES
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| Betnovate | Potent Topical steroid
Eczema & Psoriasis
Immunosupression, reduction of inflammation.
Skin thinning, telangiectasia, easy bruising, striae.
DO NOT USE ON FACES
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| Dermovate | Ultra Potent Topical steroid
Eczema & Psoriasis
But beware unstable psoriasis
Immunosupression, reduction of inflammation.
Skin thinning, telangiectasia, easy bruising, striae.
DO NOT USE ON FACES
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| Tacrolimus | Topical Calcineurin inhibitor
Steroid sparing agent
Eczema
Immunosuppressant but doesn't cause skin atrophy.
Can use on face
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| Ciclosporin | Oral Calcineurin inhibitor
Steroid sparing agent
Eczema
Immunosuppressant but doesn't cause skin atrophy.
Can use on face
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| Patch Testing | Irritant dermatitis or eczema
Patches applied with control and "read" 48 hrs and a week later.
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| Pin Prick Testing | Allergen test for hypersensitivity reaction. "Read" at 15minutes
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| Salacylic Acid | Topical Keratolytic agent
Psoriasis
Can cause skin irritation.
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| Dithranol | Topical Anthralin
Psoriasis
Antimitotic effect reducing cell proliferation.
30 mins leave on time
Staining and burning
Dont use on face.
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| Calcipotriol & Calcitriol & Tacalcitoil | Topical Vitamin D Analogue
Psoriasis
Inhibits cell proliferation and stimulates keratinocyte differentiation.
Skin irritation.
Avoid overdose due to hypercalcaemia.
Tacalcitoil only on scalp and face.
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| PUVA | Psoralen and UVA therapy.
Psoralen soap or by mouth (2h before)
Twice weekly.
Wear glasses and keep covered up.
Long term risk of epithelial cancers.
Forms chemical bonds with DNA in the presence of UV radiation.
Reduces cell proliferation.
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| Methotrexate | Systemic cytotoxic immunosuppresant
Folic acid antagonist.
Immunosupression
Bone marrow suppression. Teratogenic
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| Azathioprine | Systemic cytotoxic immunosuppresant
Psoriasis, Bullous disorder, Eczema
Purine synthesis inhibitor. Inhibits proliferation of fast growing cells ie lymphocytes. Immunosupression.
Test for GTPMT before prescribing
Bone marrow suppression. Teratogen
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| Hydroxycarbamide | Systemic cytotoxic immunosuppresant
Enzyme inhibitor decreasing DNA replication.
Polycythemia, Myeloproliferative, Sickle cell, psoriasis
Immunosupression
Bone marrow suppression.
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| Infliximab | Biologic
Monoclonal antibodies to TNF-alpha
RA, Psoriasis, Crohns, Ulcerative Colitis
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| Etanercept | Biologic
Inhibits TNF-alpha
RA, Psoriasis, Crohns, Ulcerative Colitis
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| Adalimumab | Biologic
Monoclonal antibodies to TNF-alpha
RA, Psoriasis, Crohns, Ulcerative Colitis
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| Efudex | Topical chemotherapy
5 fluorouracil
Inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis
Actinic keratosis and sometimes BCC
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| Imiquimod | Topical immune response modification
Unknown method of action
Bowens, BCC, SCC, MM and AK
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