A&P 2 - Exam 4 - Part 1 - Urinary & Nephron Anatomy
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| The _________ are the principal organs of the urinary system. | show 🗑
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| Accessory organs of the urinary system include the _______, _______ and _________. | show 🗑
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| show | blood plasma
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| The shape of the kidneys are roughly oval with a ________ indentation. | show 🗑
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| The size of the kidneys are approximately ____ by ____ by _____. | show 🗑
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| show | left, right
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| show | right
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| show | retroperitoneal
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| The kidneys lie on either side of the vertebral column between vertebrae ____ and ______. | show 🗑
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| show | fasciae
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| A heavy cushion of _____ surrounds each kidney. | show 🗑
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| show | renal pyramids
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| show | renal columns
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| ________ are cuplike structures of the kidney at each renal papilla which collect urine. | show 🗑
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| show | papilla
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| Calyces join together to form the _________. | show 🗑
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| The renal pelvis narrows as it exits the kidney to become the ________. | show 🗑
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| show | renal pelvis
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| show | vascularized
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| show | abdominal aorta
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| show | renal artery
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| The _________ brings blood into each kidney. | show 🗑
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| Between the pyramids of the medulla, the renal artery branches into _______ arteries which extend toward the cortex. | show 🗑
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| show | arcuate
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| show | interlobular
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| show | interlobular artery > afferent ateriole > glomerulus > efferent arteriole > peritubular capillaries (including vasa recta) > venules > interlobular vein
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| The _______ is located where the afferent arteriole brushes past the distal tubule. | show 🗑
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| show | distal tubule
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| The _________ is important to the maintenance of blood flow homeostasis by reflexively secreting renin when blood pressure in the afferent arteriole drops. | show 🗑
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| show | renin
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| The _______ are tubes running from each kidney to the urinary bladder. | show 🗑
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| show | mucous lining, muscular middle layer, and a fibrous outer layer
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| show | urinary bladder
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| The urinary bladder is a collapsible bag located behind the _________. | show 🗑
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| show | smooth muscle
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| The lining of the urinary bladder forms ridges called _______. | show 🗑
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| The urinary bladder can ________ considerably. | show 🗑
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| show | urine
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| show | urethra
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| show | micturition urination
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| show | external sphincter
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| show | detrusor
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| Urine is forced out of the bladder and through the _______. | show 🗑
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| The urethra extends from the ________ of the bladder to the exterior of the body. | show 🗑
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| show | mucous membrane
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| In females, the urethra lies posterior to ________ and anterior to the _______. | show 🗑
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| show | 3 cm
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| In males, the urethra passes through the _______ gland. | show 🗑
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| show | ejaculatory
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| In males, the urethra ends at the orifice known as the _________. | show 🗑
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| In males, the urethra is approximately ____ long. | show 🗑
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| In males, the urethra is part of the _______ system as well as the _______ system. | show 🗑
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| show | nephrons
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| Nephrons are the microscopic __________ that make up the bulk of the kidney. | show 🗑
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| A _________ is a glomerular capsule with an enclosed glomerulus. | show 🗑
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| The _________ is the cup-shaped mouth of a nephron. | show 🗑
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| show | parietal, visceral
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| show | pedicels, filtration
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| show | filtration slits
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| The ________ is a network of fine capillaries in the Bowman's capsule. | show 🗑
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| Together, the glomerulus and the Bowman's capsule are known as a _________. | show 🗑
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| show | cortex
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| The glomerular-capsular membrane is formed by glomerular ________, the ________ and the ________. | show 🗑
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| show | filtration
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| show | proximal tubule
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| show | convoluted
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| show | loop of Henle
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| The loop of Henle consists of a ______ descending limb, a sharp turn, and a ______ ascending limb. | show 🗑
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| The ________ consists of a thin descending limb, a sharp turn, and a thick ascending limb. | show 🗑
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| A _________ nephron is a nephron with a loop of Henle that dips into the medulla. | show 🗑
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| show | cortical
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| show | distal tubule
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| The distal tubule is also known as the distal ________ tubule. | show 🗑
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| show | collecting duct
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| The collecting duct is a straight tubule joined by the ______ tubules of several nephrons. | show 🗑
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| Larger collecting ducts of one renal pyramid converge to form one tube that opens at a _______ into a _______. | show 🗑
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| Larger ________ of one renal pyramid converge to form one tube that opens at a renal papilla into a calyx. | show 🗑
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