Diagnostic, Symptomatic, and Related Terms
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| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | chronic partial obstruction of the air passages
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| Asthma | Produces a Bronchospasm this may be sudden and violent Paroxysmal and lead to dyspnea
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| Chronic Bronchitis | Inflammation of the bronchi
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| Emphysema | Decreased elasticity of the alveoli- they dilate but do not contract
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| Pleural Effusions | Any abnormal fluid in the pleural cavity
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| Transudate | non-inflammatory fluid resembles serum
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| Exudate | high in protein usually contains blood and immune cells
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| Hemothorax | pleural effusion caused by blood
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| Pneumothorax | air in the pleural space leading to a collapse of the lungs
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| Atelectasis | Collapsed or airless state of the lung and affects all or part of the lung
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| Pneumonia | Inflammatory disease caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi
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| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) | The lungs no longer function effectively, threatening life
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| Apnea | Temporary loss of breathing
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| Asphyxia | Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen
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| Croup | Common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and sometimes lungs
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| Pertussis | Acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a “whoop” sound, also called “whooping cough”
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| Epiglottitis | Severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottis structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years of age
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| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing
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| Pulmonary Embolus | Blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter
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| Cheyne-Stokes Respirations | deep then shallow breathing patterns (damaged respiratory center of the brain)
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| Crackle | caused by air entering moisture filled alveoli
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| Rhonchus | course, rattling noise similar to snoring (secretion in the larger airways)
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| Stridor | High pitched, harsh breath sounds (swelling of the larynx, upper airway obstruction)
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| Wheeze | Whistling of sighing sound (narrow lumen)
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| Hypoxemia | Deficiency of oxygen in the blood
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| Hypoxia | Deficiency of oxygen in tissues
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