Possible questions for 1st quiz
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Umbilical vein becomes: | ligamentum teres
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| Ductus venosus becomes: | ligamentum venosum
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| umbilical arteries become: | medial umbilical ligaments
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| ductus arteriosus becomes: | ligamentum arteriosum
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| Closure of the ductus arteriosus results in ______ pressure of the ______ atrium: | increased, left atrium
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| Complete fusion of the foramen ovale is usually complete by: | 1 year of age
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| What causes ductus arteriosus to close at birth? | vasoactive peptide
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| oxygenated blood travels from the placenta to the fetus via the: | umbilical vein
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| Normal Ventricular Arterial Connection is called: | Concordant connection
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| Abnormal Ventricular Arterial Connection is called: | Discordant Connection
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| Stage I begins on day: | 22
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| Stage II begins around day: | 23
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| atrioventriculobulbo loop is complete by day: | 24
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| Stage II is complete on day: | 28
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| first contraction of the heart on day: | 28
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| Septation occurs during stage ___ between days ___ and ____ | III, 27, 37
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| Septum Primum develops on approx. day___ | 30
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| Ostium primum is obliterated due to fusion of septum primum with the endocardial cushions on approx. day___ | 33
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| Ostium Secundum forms within the septum primum on approx. day___ | 33
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| Septum Secundum forms on approx. day___ | 37
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| IVS is formed by the end of the: | 7th week
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| Cushions of the primitive heart grow and twist around each other forming the Aorticopulmonary Septum by when? | Approximately 8 weeks
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| ____ aortic arches develop from the __________ | 6, truncus arteriosus
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| 3rd aortic arch becomes: | internal carotid
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| 4th aortic arch becomes: | aortic arch
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| 6th aortic arch becomes: | pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus
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| internal carotid is formed from the ____ aortic arch | 3rd
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| aortic arch is formed from the ____ aortic arch | 4th
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| ductus arteriosus is formed from the ____ aortic arch | 6th
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| pulmonary arteries are formed from the ____ aortic arch | 6th
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| Aortic arches __, __, and__ disappear: | 1,2,and 5
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| Atrioventricular Valves form from: | lateral endocardial cushions
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| Semimlunar Valves form from: | tubercles on the main truncus swelling (develop between 5 and 7 weeks
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| Fetal Alternative Blood Flow Patterns - 3 alternative routes: | Ductus Venosus (bypasses liver), Foramen Ovale (bypasses PA), and Ductus Arteriosus (bypasses lungs)
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| Levocardia means: | Heart has normal placement in the chest; middle mediastinum with apex to the left
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| Dextrocardia means: | Abnormal heart location – right chest, apex to the right
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| Dextroposition means: | Abnormal heart location – right chest, apex to the left
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| Mesocardia means: | Abnormal heart location – heart is midline, apex midline
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| Three different types of cardiac situs: | Situs Solitus, Situs Inversus, & Situs Ambiguous
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| Situs Ambiguous – 2 different syndromes: | Asplenia syndrome, Polysplenia syndrome
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| Asplenia syndrome =______ atrial isomersion | right -- both atria have right atrial morphologic features
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| Polysplenia Syndrome =______ atrial isomersion | left -- both atria have left atrial morphologic features
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| Asplenia syndrome associated with CHD in ___% of cases | 99-100%
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| Ventricular Looping: Dextro- = | Normal – right ventricle on the right
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| Ventricular Looping: Levo- = | Abnormal – right ventricle on the left
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| Great Vessel Relationship: Dextro- = | Normal – AoV to the right of pulmonic valve
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| Great Vessel Relationship: Levo- = | Abnormal – AoV to the left of pulmonic valve
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| Atrioventricular Connections: Concordant connection= | Normal -- RA connects to RV across TV
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| Atrioventricular Connections: Discordant connection | Abnormal -- RA connects to LV across MV
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| Blood travels through the _____ _____ upwards to the liver | umbilical vein
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| Most of the blood bypasses the liver via the ________ ________ | ductus venosus
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| The majority of fetal blood that enters the pulmonary artery passes directly through the ________ ________ to the descending aorta | ductus arteriosus
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| blood flows out of the fetus by way of the two _____ _____ and returns to the placenta. The returning blood has an O2 saturation of about____% | umbilical arteries, 58%
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| Fetal Cardiac Output -- RV accounts for ____ of total ventricular output | 2/3
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| Fetal Cardiac Output -- LV accounts for ____ of total ventricular output | 1/3
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| ___% of total ventricular output flows through the pulmonary arteries | 8%
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| ___% combined ventricular output enters the descending aorta via ductus arteriosus | 57%
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| ___% of cardiac output from left ventricle perfuses the brain, head, and upper body | 21%
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| To be able to estimate pulmonary artery pressure, the patient must have one of the following: | PDA, VSD, or TI
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