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Pediatric Echo Quiz1
Possible questions for 1st quiz
| Q: | A: |
|---|---|
| Umbilical vein becomes: | ligamentum teres |
| Ductus venosus becomes: | ligamentum venosum |
| umbilical arteries become: | medial umbilical ligaments |
| ductus arteriosus becomes: | ligamentum arteriosum |
| Closure of the ductus arteriosus results in ______ pressure of the ______ atrium: | increased, left atrium |
| Complete fusion of the foramen ovale is usually complete by: | 1 year of age |
| What causes ductus arteriosus to close at birth? | vasoactive peptide |
| oxygenated blood travels from the placenta to the fetus via the: | umbilical vein |
| Normal Ventricular Arterial Connection is called: | Concordant connection |
| Abnormal Ventricular Arterial Connection is called: | Discordant Connection |
| Stage I begins on day: | 22 |
| Stage II begins around day: | 23 |
| atrioventriculobulbo loop is complete by day: | 24 |
| Stage II is complete on day: | 28 |
| first contraction of the heart on day: | 28 |
| Septation occurs during stage ___ between days ___ and ____ | III, 27, 37 |
| Septum Primum develops on approx. day___ | 30 |
| Ostium primum is obliterated due to fusion of septum primum with the endocardial cushions on approx. day___ | 33 |
| Ostium Secundum forms within the septum primum on approx. day___ | 33 |
| Septum Secundum forms on approx. day___ | 37 |
| IVS is formed by the end of the: | 7th week |
| Cushions of the primitive heart grow and twist around each other forming the Aorticopulmonary Septum by when? | Approximately 8 weeks |
| ____ aortic arches develop from the __________ | 6, truncus arteriosus |
| 3rd aortic arch becomes: | internal carotid |
| 4th aortic arch becomes: | aortic arch |
| 6th aortic arch becomes: | pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus |
| internal carotid is formed from the ____ aortic arch | 3rd |
| aortic arch is formed from the ____ aortic arch | 4th |
| ductus arteriosus is formed from the ____ aortic arch | 6th |
| pulmonary arteries are formed from the ____ aortic arch | 6th |
| Aortic arches __, __, and__ disappear: | 1,2,and 5 |
| Atrioventricular Valves form from: | lateral endocardial cushions |
| Semimlunar Valves form from: | tubercles on the main truncus swelling (develop between 5 and 7 weeks |
| Fetal Alternative Blood Flow Patterns - 3 alternative routes: | Ductus Venosus (bypasses liver), Foramen Ovale (bypasses PA), and Ductus Arteriosus (bypasses lungs) |
| Levocardia means: | Heart has normal placement in the chest; middle mediastinum with apex to the left |
| Dextrocardia means: | Abnormal heart location – right chest, apex to the right |
| Dextroposition means: | Abnormal heart location – right chest, apex to the left |
| Mesocardia means: | Abnormal heart location – heart is midline, apex midline |
| Three different types of cardiac situs: | Situs Solitus, Situs Inversus, & Situs Ambiguous |
| Situs Ambiguous – 2 different syndromes: | Asplenia syndrome, Polysplenia syndrome |
| Asplenia syndrome =______ atrial isomersion | right -- both atria have right atrial morphologic features |
| Polysplenia Syndrome =______ atrial isomersion | left -- both atria have left atrial morphologic features |
| Asplenia syndrome associated with CHD in ___% of cases | 99-100% |
| Ventricular Looping: Dextro- = | Normal – right ventricle on the right |
| Ventricular Looping: Levo- = | Abnormal – right ventricle on the left |
| Great Vessel Relationship: Dextro- = | Normal – AoV to the right of pulmonic valve |
| Great Vessel Relationship: Levo- = | Abnormal – AoV to the left of pulmonic valve |
| Atrioventricular Connections: Concordant connection= | Normal -- RA connects to RV across TV |
| Atrioventricular Connections: Discordant connection | Abnormal -- RA connects to LV across MV |
| Blood travels through the _____ _____ upwards to the liver | umbilical vein |
| Most of the blood bypasses the liver via the ________ ________ | ductus venosus |
| The majority of fetal blood that enters the pulmonary artery passes directly through the ________ ________ to the descending aorta | ductus arteriosus |
| blood flows out of the fetus by way of the two _____ _____ and returns to the placenta. The returning blood has an O2 saturation of about____% | umbilical arteries, 58% |
| Fetal Cardiac Output -- RV accounts for ____ of total ventricular output | 2/3 |
| Fetal Cardiac Output -- LV accounts for ____ of total ventricular output | 1/3 |
| ___% of total ventricular output flows through the pulmonary arteries | 8% |
| ___% combined ventricular output enters the descending aorta via ductus arteriosus | 57% |
| ___% of cardiac output from left ventricle perfuses the brain, head, and upper body | 21% |
| To be able to estimate pulmonary artery pressure, the patient must have one of the following: | PDA, VSD, or TI |
Created by:
lefut
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