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Musculoskeletal Physiology for USMLE

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Question
Answer
State the key cellular events in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle   1. APs cause depolarisation of T tubules 2. Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum 3. Ca2+ binds troponin C 4. Tropomyosin moves to expose actin-binding site 5. Actin and myosin interact to generate contractile force 6. Ca2+ reuptake by SR  
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How does Ca2+ activate contraction in smooth muscle cells?   By binding to calmodulin  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with peripherally located nuclei?   Skeletal muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with centrally located nuclei?   Smooth and cardiac muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with a distinct banding pattern?   Cardiac and skeletal muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with the capacity to regenerate?   Smooth muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with Z-lines?   Cardiac and skeletal muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with gap junctions?   Smooth muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with intercalated disks?   Cardiac muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with synapses with perpheral nerves?   Skeletal muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with inositol triphosphate (IP3)-mediated calcium release?   Smooth muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with Ca2+ mediated calcium release?   Cardiac muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with voltage-mediated T-tubule-mediated calcium release?   Skeletal muscle fibres  
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Which muscle fibres are associated with troponin being the major calcium-binding protein?   Cardiac and skeletal muscle fibres  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with slow twitch?   Type 1 ("one slow, fat, red ox")  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with fast twitch?   Type 2  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with abundant lipid stores?   Type 1  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with red colour?   Type 1  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with white colour?   Type 2  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with primarily anaerobic metabolism and few mitochondria?   Type 2  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with primarily aerobic metabolism and many mitochondria?   Type 1  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with abundant glycogen stores?   Type 2  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with generation of a sustained force?   Type 1  
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What type of skeletal muscle fibre is associated with generation of a sudden movement?   Type 2  
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