NHTC 12 Orthopedics Notes
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| orthopedics | study of musculoskeletal disorders, including bones, joints, muscles, tendons & ligaments
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| orthopedist | physician specializing in the Dx & Tx of musculoskeletal disorders
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| rheumatologist | physician specializing in the Dx & Tx of joint disorders
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| doctor of osteopathy (DO) | physician specializing in the Dx & Tx of musculoskeletal disorders
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| doctor of chiropractic (DC) | physician providing Tx w/spinal manipulation to relieve pressure on nerves, to treat muscle spasms of the neck & back, tension headaches and leg pain
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| chiropractor | does not have a DC degree, but is licensed and certified in chiropractic care
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| musculoskeletal system | comprised of bones, joints, muscles, tendons & ligaments
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| bones | blood cells produced in the bone marrow called hematopoiesis
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| bones | store minerals, protect internal organs
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| 4 types of bones | long, short, flat & irregular
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| long bones | arms, legs, hands, feet
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| short bones | wrists, ankles, toes
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| flat bones | skull, shoulder blades, sternum
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| irregular bones | vertebrae, ilium, middle ear, facial bones
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| human skeleton | 206 bones
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| axial skeleton | 80 bones of the skull, vertebral column, thorax
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| appendicular skeleton | 126 bones of arms, legs, scapulae, clavicles, pelvis
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| joints | point of jucture between two bones that articulate/join together
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| joints | cartilage or fibrous connective tissue lines the opposing surfaces of all joints
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| muscles | composed of contractile cells or fibers that effect movement of organs and body parts
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| muscles | maintain posture & allow movement
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| 3 types of muscles | voluntary, involuntary, cardiac
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| voluntary muscles | muscles moved by consious control
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| involuntary muscles | muscles moved by unconsious control
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| cardiac muscles | heart muscle
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| tendons | fibrous connective tissue that serves as the attachment of muscles to bones
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| ligaments | fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to one another, connects cartilage, supports the viscera
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