Med Term Chapter 15
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| Physicians who treat bon and joint diseases | orthopedists
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| physicians who specialize primarily in joint problems | rheumatologist
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| process of bone formation | ossification
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| bone cell that helps form bony tissue | osteoblasts
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| bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue | osteoclasts
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| how many various bones in the body | 206
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| the end of a long bone is called | epiphysis
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| middle region of a bone is called | diaphysis
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| strong, fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the surface of long bones | periosteum
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| layer of hard, dense bone that lies under the periosteum | compact bone
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| trabecular bone or spongy bone, is much more porous and less dense | cancellous bone
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| rounded, knuckle-like process at the joint | condyle
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| opening for blood vessels and nerves | foramen
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| name the 6 cranial bones | frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bone
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| name the 6 facial bones | nasal, lacrimal, maxillary, mandibular, zygomatic, and vomer
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| What does L1 mean | 1st lumbar vertebra
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| soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant | fontanelle
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| supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone | trabeculae
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| a swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joint near base of big toe | bunion
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| bony growth(benign) arising from the surface of bone | exostosis
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| example of exostosis | bunion
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| bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin | closed fracture
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| bone is broken and protrudes out of skin | compound or closed fracture
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| break appears near the wrist | colles fracture
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| bone is splintered or crushed into several pieces | comminuted fracture
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| bone collapses or is compressed | compression fracture
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| bone is partially broken; breaks on one surface and bends on the other | greenstick fracture
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| one fragment is driven firmly into the other | impacted fracture
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| most common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts | osteosarcoma
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| softening of bone | osteomalacia
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| inflammation of bone | osteomyelitis
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| decrease in bone density | osteoporosis
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| clubfoot | talipes
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| sac of fluid near a joint | bursa
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| connective tissue binding bones to other bones | ligament
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| connective tissue that binds muscles to bones | tendon
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| chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily the spine | ankylosing spondylitis
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| inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body | gouty arthritis or gout
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| progressive, degenerative joint disease | osteoarthritis
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| Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain;caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane | rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
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| What is another name for fever | pyrexia
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| compression of median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist | carpal tunnel
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| what is an example of subluxation | spondylolisthesis
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| displacement of a bone from its joint | dislocation
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| partial or incomplete dislocation | subluxation
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| abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves | herniation of an intervertebral disk
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| trauma to a joint without rupture | sprain
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| injury involving the overstretching of a muscle | strain
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| voluntary or skeletal muscle that move all bones | striated muscle
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| involuntary or visceral muscles that move internal organs | smooth muscle
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| striated in appearance but is like smooth muscle in its action | cardiac muscle
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| the point of attachment of muscle to the stationary bone | origin
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| point of junction of muscle to the bone that moves is called | insertion
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| decreasing the angle between two bones | flexion
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| increasing the angle between two bones | extension
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| movement away from the midline of the body | abduction
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| movement toward the midline of the body | adduction
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| circular movement | rotation
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| decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot bends backward and upward | dorsiflexion
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| motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground | plantar flexion
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| the act of turning the palm up | supination
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| the act of turning the palm down | pronation
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| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome
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| EMG | electromyography
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| IM | intramuscular
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| RA | rheumatoid arthritis
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| TMJ | temporomandibular joint
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| chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart, and lungs | systemic lupus erythematosus
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| removal of a vertebra to relieve compression on nerves | laminectomy
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| abnormal condition of exaggerated anterior curvature | lordosis
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| condition of high blood calcium | hypercalcemia
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| abnormal condition of posterior curvature of the spine | kyhposis
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| pertaining to the lower back | lumbar
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| formation of bone marrow | myelopoiesis
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| inflammation of bone | osteoitis
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| formation of bone | osteogenesis
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| abnormal condition of lateral curvature of the spine | scoliosis
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| abnormal condition of vertebrae | spondylosis
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| pertaining to the backbone | vertebral
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| abnormal development of bone | osteodystrophy
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| immature bone cell | osteoblast
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| softening of bone | osteomalacia
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| instrument to cut bone | osteotome
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| forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower one | spondylolisthesis
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| bone cell that breaks down bone to remove bone tissue | osteoclast
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| abnormal condition of loss of bone tissue and decrease in bone mass | osteoporosis
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| measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis | pelvimetry
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| each end of a long bone | epiphysis
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| bony benign growth arising from the surface of bone | exostosis
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| rare, malignant tumor arising in bone; occurring in children | ewing sarcoma
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| deficiency of bone; a precursor to osteoporosis | osteopenia
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| inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary to infection | osteomyelitis
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| congenital abnormality of the hindfoot | talipes
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| abnormal condition of blood in a joint | hemarthrosis
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| narrowing of the spinal chord | spinal stenosis
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| surgical repair of a joint | arthroplasty
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| fusion, by surgery, of bones across a joint space | arthrodesis
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| inflammation of a sac of fluid near the joint | bursitis
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| specialist in diagnosing and treatment of arthritis | rheumatologist
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| inflammation of connective tissue binding muscles to bones | tendinitis
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| type of dwarfism | achondroplasia
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| softening of cartilage | chondromalacia
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| stiffness of a joint | ankylosis
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| suture of a tendon | tenorrhaphy
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| pertaining to the connective tissue that binds bones to bones | ligamentous
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| progressive, degenerative disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone | osteoarthritis
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| chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily in the spine | ankylosing spondylitis
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| trauma to joint ligaments without rupture | sprain
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| an inherited condition in which bones of the arms and legs fail to grow normally because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation | achondroplasia
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| chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and lungs; butterfly rash on the face is typical | systemic lupus erythematosus
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| enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe | bunion
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| neuromuscular disorder causing weakness of voluntary muscles | myasthenia gravis
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| shaft of a long bone | diaphysis
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| the bones of a fetus are mainly composed of what kind of tissue | fontanelle
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