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Med Term Chapter 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Physicians who treat bon and joint diseases | orthopedists |
| physicians who specialize primarily in joint problems | rheumatologist |
| process of bone formation | ossification |
| bone cell that helps form bony tissue | osteoblasts |
| bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue | osteoclasts |
| how many various bones in the body | 206 |
| the end of a long bone is called | epiphysis |
| middle region of a bone is called | diaphysis |
| strong, fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the surface of long bones | periosteum |
| layer of hard, dense bone that lies under the periosteum | compact bone |
| trabecular bone or spongy bone, is much more porous and less dense | cancellous bone |
| rounded, knuckle-like process at the joint | condyle |
| opening for blood vessels and nerves | foramen |
| name the 6 cranial bones | frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bone |
| name the 6 facial bones | nasal, lacrimal, maxillary, mandibular, zygomatic, and vomer |
| What does L1 mean | 1st lumbar vertebra |
| soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant | fontanelle |
| supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone | trabeculae |
| a swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joint near base of big toe | bunion |
| bony growth(benign) arising from the surface of bone | exostosis |
| example of exostosis | bunion |
| bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin | closed fracture |
| bone is broken and protrudes out of skin | compound or closed fracture |
| break appears near the wrist | colles fracture |
| bone is splintered or crushed into several pieces | comminuted fracture |
| bone collapses or is compressed | compression fracture |
| bone is partially broken; breaks on one surface and bends on the other | greenstick fracture |
| one fragment is driven firmly into the other | impacted fracture |
| most common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts | osteosarcoma |
| softening of bone | osteomalacia |
| inflammation of bone | osteomyelitis |
| decrease in bone density | osteoporosis |
| clubfoot | talipes |
| sac of fluid near a joint | bursa |
| connective tissue binding bones to other bones | ligament |
| connective tissue that binds muscles to bones | tendon |
| chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily the spine | ankylosing spondylitis |
| inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body | gouty arthritis or gout |
| progressive, degenerative joint disease | osteoarthritis |
| Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain;caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane | rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
| What is another name for fever | pyrexia |
| compression of median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist | carpal tunnel |
| what is an example of subluxation | spondylolisthesis |
| displacement of a bone from its joint | dislocation |
| partial or incomplete dislocation | subluxation |
| abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves | herniation of an intervertebral disk |
| trauma to a joint without rupture | sprain |
| injury involving the overstretching of a muscle | strain |
| voluntary or skeletal muscle that move all bones | striated muscle |
| involuntary or visceral muscles that move internal organs | smooth muscle |
| striated in appearance but is like smooth muscle in its action | cardiac muscle |
| the point of attachment of muscle to the stationary bone | origin |
| point of junction of muscle to the bone that moves is called | insertion |
| decreasing the angle between two bones | flexion |
| increasing the angle between two bones | extension |
| movement away from the midline of the body | abduction |
| movement toward the midline of the body | adduction |
| circular movement | rotation |
| decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot bends backward and upward | dorsiflexion |
| motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground | plantar flexion |
| the act of turning the palm up | supination |
| the act of turning the palm down | pronation |
| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome |
| EMG | electromyography |
| IM | intramuscular |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| TMJ | temporomandibular joint |
| chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart, and lungs | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| removal of a vertebra to relieve compression on nerves | laminectomy |
| abnormal condition of exaggerated anterior curvature | lordosis |
| condition of high blood calcium | hypercalcemia |
| abnormal condition of posterior curvature of the spine | kyhposis |
| pertaining to the lower back | lumbar |
| formation of bone marrow | myelopoiesis |
| inflammation of bone | osteoitis |
| formation of bone | osteogenesis |
| abnormal condition of lateral curvature of the spine | scoliosis |
| abnormal condition of vertebrae | spondylosis |
| pertaining to the backbone | vertebral |
| abnormal development of bone | osteodystrophy |
| immature bone cell | osteoblast |
| softening of bone | osteomalacia |
| instrument to cut bone | osteotome |
| forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower one | spondylolisthesis |
| bone cell that breaks down bone to remove bone tissue | osteoclast |
| abnormal condition of loss of bone tissue and decrease in bone mass | osteoporosis |
| measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis | pelvimetry |
| each end of a long bone | epiphysis |
| bony benign growth arising from the surface of bone | exostosis |
| rare, malignant tumor arising in bone; occurring in children | ewing sarcoma |
| deficiency of bone; a precursor to osteoporosis | osteopenia |
| inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary to infection | osteomyelitis |
| congenital abnormality of the hindfoot | talipes |
| abnormal condition of blood in a joint | hemarthrosis |
| narrowing of the spinal chord | spinal stenosis |
| surgical repair of a joint | arthroplasty |
| fusion, by surgery, of bones across a joint space | arthrodesis |
| inflammation of a sac of fluid near the joint | bursitis |
| specialist in diagnosing and treatment of arthritis | rheumatologist |
| inflammation of connective tissue binding muscles to bones | tendinitis |
| type of dwarfism | achondroplasia |
| softening of cartilage | chondromalacia |
| stiffness of a joint | ankylosis |
| suture of a tendon | tenorrhaphy |
| pertaining to the connective tissue that binds bones to bones | ligamentous |
| progressive, degenerative disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone | osteoarthritis |
| chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily in the spine | ankylosing spondylitis |
| trauma to joint ligaments without rupture | sprain |
| an inherited condition in which bones of the arms and legs fail to grow normally because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation | achondroplasia |
| chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and lungs; butterfly rash on the face is typical | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe | bunion |
| neuromuscular disorder causing weakness of voluntary muscles | myasthenia gravis |
| shaft of a long bone | diaphysis |
| the bones of a fetus are mainly composed of what kind of tissue | fontanelle |
Created by:
srwiebe08
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