Hamra: Renal Blood Flow and GFR
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| What part of the nephron allows for water resorption while blocking sodium. | The thin descending limb
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| What part of the nephron allows for sodium resorption while blocking water. | The thick ascending limb
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| Name the 3 major parts of the Juxtaglomerular apparatus. | 1. Renin-producing granular cells
2. Macula densa
3. Extraglomerular mesangial cells
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| Do the extraglomerular mesangial cells effect eh afferent or efferent arteriole? | As the cells contract they change the tone of the afferent arterioles.
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| What are the 4 possibilities a fluid has traveling in the nephron? | 1. Filtered
2. Reabsorbed
3. Secreted
4. Excreted
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| What id glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? | Volume/Time
Normal = 180 L/day or 125 mL/min
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| What determines the rate of filtration? | Rate = Kf X NFP
Kf = hydraulic permeability X surface area
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| What is included in the net filtration pressure (NFP)? | NFP = Pgc - Pcb - πgc
So
GFR = Kf (Pgc - Pbc - πgc)
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| How will increasing Kf effect GFR? | Increases GFR
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| How will increasing Pgc effect GFR? | Increases GFR
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| How will increasing Pbc effect GFR? | Decreases GFR
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| How will increasing πbc effect GFR? | Decreases GFR
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| Increase in afferent arteriolar resistance will effect Pgc, GFR, and RBF in what ways? | Decreases Pgc
Decreases GFR
Decreases RBF
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| Increase in efferent arteriolar resistance will effect Pgc, GFR, and RBF in what ways? | Increase Pgc
increases GFR
Decrease RCF
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| What about equal increase in afferent and effecent resistance | Can cause decrease in RBF while the Pgc stays about the same
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| Explain filtration factor a little bit. | FF = GFR/RPF
FF is greater at low plasma flow
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| What will SNS stimulation and angiotension II do in regards to the kidney? | It will increase afferent and efferent resistances and decrease RBF.
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| Where does angiotension II work most? | Efferent arterioles
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| What effect will an ACE/ARB have on GFR? | CAE/ARB will cause vasodilation of the efferent arterioles thus decreasing GFR
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| How are changes in GFR sensed? | As increases or decreases in NaCl sensed by the Macula Dense
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| Paracrines from the Macula Dense work where? | In the afferent arteriole or vasoconstrict/dilate
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| What is the over all effect of the SNS and RAAS system in regards to GFR? | decrease in RPF with only a little or no change in GFR
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| How does ADH (vasopressin) work? | Vasoconstricts but normally RBF and GFR remain constant
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| What about ANP? | Afferent dilation, causing increases in both GFR and RBF.
Also inhibits the secretion of Renin
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| What is the role of prostaglandins? | Generally protective against excessive vasoconstriction like that seen with SNS and ANG II
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Created by:
bcriss
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