Advanced World History Chapter 6 Section 1
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| Roman Sky God, weapon thunderbolt, like Greek god Zeus | Jupiter
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| Wife of Jupiter, mother of Mars and Vulcan, goddess of women marriage and childbirth, like Greek goddess Hera | Juno
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| Sun, God of music, prophesy, cattle and light, like Greek god Apollo | Apollo
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| Moon, Goddess of the moon, carried bows and arrows, goddess of hunting and childbirth, like Greek god Artemis | Diana
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| Daughter of Jupiter, goddess of wisdom, arts and crafts, like Greek goddess Athena | Minerva
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| Worshiped in spring, dear to soldiers about to fight, Goddess of Love, like Greek goddess Aphrodite | Venus
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| Son of Jupiter, God of war, important to soldiers, like Greek god Ares | Mars
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| Roman mythology is like this mythology | Greek
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| Roman mythology believes gods control | Weather, food, and life
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| Who wrote the myth of Aeneas? | Vergil
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| What was Vergil's poem called? | The Aeneid
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| A narrative poem celebrating a character's heroic deeds | Epic
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| Romans liked to be affiliated with this person because he was a hero who fought the Greeks in the Trojan War. | Aeneas
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| Legend says Aeneas was related to the founders of Rome through a string of kings. Who were those founders? | Romulus and Remus
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| Romans valued Romulus and Remus because they valued what? | Strength
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| Rome was founded near what River because of strategic location and fertile soil; it was near the sea, but not on the sea, giving access to trade, but distance from war ships, what river? | Tiber
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| Why did the settlements on each of the 7 hills band together? | Religious games
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| Island under the "boot" of Italy | Sicily
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| City that borders Mediterranean Sea and is close to the Tiber River | Rome
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| Continent across from Sicily | Africa
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| What mountain range is at the top of Italy? | Alps
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| Area above the Alps | Gaul
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| What river is near Rome? | Tiber
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| What sea is below Italy and Sicily? | Mediterranean
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| What Sea is east (to the right) of Italy? | Adriatic Sea
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| What city is on the Mediterranean Sea, on the tip of Africa across from Sicily? | Carthage
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| A harsh tyrant who was driven from power and caused Rome to decide against having kings and instead to form a Republic | King Tarquin the Proud
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| Wealthy land owners who held most of the power | patricians
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| Common farmers, artisans and merchants who made up the majority of the population | plebeians
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| People who protected the rights of plebeians from unfair acts by the patrician officials. | tribunes
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| Where the 12 clay tables hung that stated the laws; political center of Rome | Forum
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| 300 members chosen from upper class Roman citizens, responsible for legislative and administrative functions, decided foreign policy | Senate
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| 2 officials; commanded army and directed government; limited power, 1 year term; one could veto the other | Consuls
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| Citizen soldiers, members for life, select consuls, make laws | Centuriate Assembly
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| Citizens grouped by where they live, elect tribunes and make laws | Tribal Assembly
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| Eight judges, 1 year term, chosen by Centuriate Assembly -- 2 do civil and criminal, 6 govern areas | Praetors
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| Adult male landowners | citizen
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| A form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders | Republic
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| A leader chosen in times of crisis, had absolute power for six months, chosen by consuls and elected by senate. | Dictator
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| Roman's placed great value on these two systems. | government and military
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| Citizens who owned land were required to do this: | serve in army
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| Large military units of Roman soldiers | Legions
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| Roman legion of 5,000 heavily armed foot soldiers | infantry
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| soldiers on horse back who supported each legion | cavalry
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| 80 men part of a legion | century
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| Military organization and fighting skill of the Roman army lead to, | Rome's greatness
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| Rome expanded its territories through... | trade and conquest
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| By 265 BC, Romans eventually dominated what area? | Italy
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| In order to dominate Italy the Romans defeated what two groups? | Estruscans and Greeks
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| Conquered Latins had what status in Rome? | full citizenship
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| Some conquered peoples farther from Rome had what status? | citizenship but no vote
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| Some conquered people far from Rome had what status? | Allies of Rome
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| what type of policy towards defeated enemies helped Rome build a long lasting empire? | lenient
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| what city interfered with Roman accesses to the Med. sea | Carthage
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| 220 year series of 3 wars between Rome and Carthage | Punic Wars
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| War in which Rome and Carthage fought for Sicily and the western Mediterranean for 23 years | first Punic War
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| Who won the first Punic War? | Rome
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| Carthaginian general who lead a long and brilliant military attack against Rome in the second Punic War | Hannibal
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| Hannibal's attack on Rome was considered brilliant because he | attacked from Spain, across France and though the Alps.
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| Hannibal's greatest victory | Battle of Cannae
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| Roman's held Hannibal back, and won this 10 year war | 2nd Punic War
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| Rome finally triumphed in what Punic War | 3rd Punic War
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| Roman general who attacked Carthage in the 3rd Punic War | Scipio
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| When Rome captured this city it was set on fire and its citizens were sold into slavery | Carthage
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| Rome's victories n theses wars gave it dominance over the western Mediterranean | The Punic Wars
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| A written law code that established the idea that all free citizens had a right to protection under the law. | Twelve Tables
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| The first geographic area Rome conquered. | Italian Peninsula
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| This final battle when Rome's General Scipio defeated Carthage's Hannibal near Carthage. | Battle of Zama
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| Rome's victory in the Punic Wars gave it dominance over what area? | Western Mediterranean Sea
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| After the Punic Wars this territory was dominated by Rome. | Anatolia to Spain
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