Medical Terms Ch 14
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| Acromegaly | A disorder caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone and resulting in abnormal enlargemant of the extremities, including the nose, jaw, fingers, and toes
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| Adenectomy | A general term for surgical excision of a gland
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| Adenoma | Tumor of a gland
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| Adrenal gland | Gland that lies above the kidney
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| Adrenaline | Epinephrine
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| Androgen | The term for a substance that produces or stimulates the development of male characteristics
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| Cortisone | A hormone that is made by the adrenal glands and is important in the regulation of body metabolism
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| Cretinism | A condition caused by congenital deficiency of thyroid secretion and marked by arrested mental and physical development
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| Diabetes insipidus | A disordr associated with a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone or inability of the kidneys to respond to this hormone
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| Diabetes mellitus | A disorder that results form inadequate production or use of insulin
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| Dwarfism | A disease caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood
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| Endocrine glands | Generally secrete their hormones into the bloodstream
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| Estrogen | An important female sex hormone that is made by the ovaries and acts on the female genitalia
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| Euthyroid | Normal thyroid function
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| Exocrine glands | Glands that open onto a body surface and discharge their secretions through ducts
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| Exophthalmos | An abnormal condition characterized by marked protrusion of the eyeball
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| Gigantism | A conditon that is caused by increased secretion of growth hormone during childhood in which a person reaches an abnormal stature
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| Glycosuria | A term for sugar in the urine
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| Goiter | A swelling in the front part of the neck that reults from enlargement of the thyroid gland
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| Hormones | A general term for chemical substances that are discharged into the bloodstream and used in some other part of the body
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| Hyperglycemia | Increased blood sugar
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| Hyperinsulinism | Excessive secretion of insulin
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| Hyperparathyroidism | Increased activity of the parathyroid gland
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| Hyposecretion | A general term that means incresed release of a chemical substance
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| Hypothyroidism | Decreased thyroid ativity
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| Islets of Langerhans | Clusters of cells within the pancreas that perform an endocrine function
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| Kidney | Not an endocrine gland
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| Myx/o | Mucus
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| Pancreas | Secretes insulin
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| Parathyroid glands | The name of the four glands that lie beside the thyroid gland and are responsible for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body
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| -physis | Means growth
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| Pineal gland | Attached to the posterior part of the brain
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| Pituitary gland | Master gland. Also called Hypophysis
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| Polydipsia | Increased thirst
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| Sudoriferous gland | Also known as the sweat gland
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| Target organ | A term for the organ or structure toward which the effects of a hormone are directed
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| Thyroid | An endocreine gland that can be examined visually in a physical examination
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| Thyroid scan | A test that consists of administration of a radioactive substance, then making an image of the spatial distribution of the radiation
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| Thyroidectomy | Surgical removal of the thyroid gland
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| Thyrotoxicosis | A term for a a morbid condition caused by excessive thyroid secretion
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| -tropic | Stimulate
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| -tropin | That which stimulates
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| -uria | Urination
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