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Medical Terms Ch 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acromegaly | A disorder caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone and resulting in abnormal enlargemant of the extremities, including the nose, jaw, fingers, and toes |
| Adenectomy | A general term for surgical excision of a gland |
| Adenoma | Tumor of a gland |
| Adrenal gland | Gland that lies above the kidney |
| Adrenaline | Epinephrine |
| Androgen | The term for a substance that produces or stimulates the development of male characteristics |
| Cortisone | A hormone that is made by the adrenal glands and is important in the regulation of body metabolism |
| Cretinism | A condition caused by congenital deficiency of thyroid secretion and marked by arrested mental and physical development |
| Diabetes insipidus | A disordr associated with a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone or inability of the kidneys to respond to this hormone |
| Diabetes mellitus | A disorder that results form inadequate production or use of insulin |
| Dwarfism | A disease caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood |
| Endocrine glands | Generally secrete their hormones into the bloodstream |
| Estrogen | An important female sex hormone that is made by the ovaries and acts on the female genitalia |
| Euthyroid | Normal thyroid function |
| Exocrine glands | Glands that open onto a body surface and discharge their secretions through ducts |
| Exophthalmos | An abnormal condition characterized by marked protrusion of the eyeball |
| Gigantism | A conditon that is caused by increased secretion of growth hormone during childhood in which a person reaches an abnormal stature |
| Glycosuria | A term for sugar in the urine |
| Goiter | A swelling in the front part of the neck that reults from enlargement of the thyroid gland |
| Hormones | A general term for chemical substances that are discharged into the bloodstream and used in some other part of the body |
| Hyperglycemia | Increased blood sugar |
| Hyperinsulinism | Excessive secretion of insulin |
| Hyperparathyroidism | Increased activity of the parathyroid gland |
| Hyposecretion | A general term that means incresed release of a chemical substance |
| Hypothyroidism | Decreased thyroid ativity |
| Islets of Langerhans | Clusters of cells within the pancreas that perform an endocrine function |
| Kidney | Not an endocrine gland |
| Myx/o | Mucus |
| Pancreas | Secretes insulin |
| Parathyroid glands | The name of the four glands that lie beside the thyroid gland and are responsible for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body |
| -physis | Means growth |
| Pineal gland | Attached to the posterior part of the brain |
| Pituitary gland | Master gland. Also called Hypophysis |
| Polydipsia | Increased thirst |
| Sudoriferous gland | Also known as the sweat gland |
| Target organ | A term for the organ or structure toward which the effects of a hormone are directed |
| Thyroid | An endocreine gland that can be examined visually in a physical examination |
| Thyroid scan | A test that consists of administration of a radioactive substance, then making an image of the spatial distribution of the radiation |
| Thyroidectomy | Surgical removal of the thyroid gland |
| Thyrotoxicosis | A term for a a morbid condition caused by excessive thyroid secretion |
| -tropic | Stimulate |
| -tropin | That which stimulates |
| -uria | Urination |
Created by:
sam5911
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