Fundamental of Body Structure Class
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| The lymphatic system is a? | circulatory system
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| The lymphatic system transports the fluid called? | lymph
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| The fluid that escapes (seeps) from capillaries into tissue spaces is called? | interstitial fluid
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| The result of insufficient draining of interstitial fluid is? | edema
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| Concentrations of lymph vessels are called? | lymph nodes and lymph glands.
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 1. Lymph
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 2. Lymph vessels.
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 3. Lymph nodes.
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 4. Tonsils
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 5. Spleen
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 6. Thymus gland
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 7. Peyer's patches.
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| The lymphatic system consists of? | 8. Red bone marrow.
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| Lymph nodes are the shape of? | beans
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| Lymph nodes are found? | along the length of the lymphatic system.
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| The three ares of lymph node concentrations are? | 1. Cervical (neck)
2. Axillary (armpits)
3. Inguinal or iliac (groin).
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| The primary functions of the lymphatic system are? | 1. Drain fluid from tissue spaces that escape (oozes) from capillaries.
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| The primary functions of the lymphatic system are? | 2. Transport fats from the digestive system to the blood.
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| The primary functions of the lymphatic system are? | 3. Produce lymphocytes
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| The primary functions of the lymphatic system are? | 4. Develop immunities.
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| The circulation of lymph through the lymph vessels is maintained by normal? | skeletal muscle contractions.
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| Swelling of the lymph nodes is called? | lymphadenopathy.
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| The three groups of tonsils are the? | 1. Palatine tonsils
2. Pharyngeal tonsils.
3. Lingual tonsils.
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| In these positions the tonsils form a protective ring against? | harmful microorganisms that might enter the nose or oral cavity.
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| The palatine tonsils are located in the? | tonsillar fossa between the paryngopalatine and glossopalatine arches on either side of the posterior os of the oral cavity.
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| The pharyngeal tonsils are AKA? | adenoids.
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| The spleen _______is shape? | oval (calzone).
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| The spleen is the? | single largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body.
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| The pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) are located close to the? | internal orifice of the nasal cavity (nasopharynx).
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| The lingual tonsils are located on the? | posterior surface of the tongue at its base.
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| The spleen is located in the? | superior left corner of the abdominal cavity.
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| The functions of the spleen include? | 1. Filters the blood to phagocytize bacteria, worn out platelets (thrombocytes), and erythrocytes (RBCs)
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| The functions of the spleen include? | 2. Release hemoglobin (Hgh.) from the worn out erythrocytes (RBCs)
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| The functions of the spleen include? | 3. Acts as a reservoir for blood.
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| The functions of the spleen include? | 4. Produces lymphocytes.
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| The Peyer's patches are AKA? | aggregated lymphatic follicles.
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| The Peyer's patches resemble? | tonsils
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| The thymus is a bilobed mass of lymphatic tissue located in the? | mediastinum.
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| The Peyer's patches are found in the walls of the? | small intestines (duodenum, jejunum, and ilieum).
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| The Peyer's patches are responsible for preventing bacteria from? | infecting and penetrating of the walls of the small intestine.
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| The function of the thymus is the maturation of? | T lymphocytes (T cells).
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| The thymus reaches maximum size during? | puberty and decreases in size as we age.
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| Red bone marrow is found in the? | 1. Sternum
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| Red bone marrow is found in the? | 2. Vertebrae
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| Red bone marrow is found in the? | 3. Ribs
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| Red bone marrow is found in the? | 4. Ilia
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| Red bone marrow is found in the? | 5. The proximal and distal portions of each humerus and femur.
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| Red bone marrow is the site of stem cells that are ever capable of? | dividing and producing blood cells (hematopoiesis).
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| Antibodies are immune proteins that bind to antigens and? | tag the antigens for destruction by the immune system.
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| Antibodies are? | specialized.
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| Specialized means that? | only a specific antigen (virus, bacteria, fungus, etc.) will be attacked.
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| Some of these cells become leukocytes such as? | 1. Monocytes (phagocytic)
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| Some of these cells become leukocytes such as? | 2. Neutrophils (phagocytic).
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| Some of these cells become leukocytes such as? | 3. Basophils (release histamine).
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| Some of these cells become leukocytes such as? | 4. Eosinophils (toxins, helminths).
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| Some of these cells become leukocytes such as? | 5. Lymphocytes (produce antibodies).
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| Antibody production is the only mechanism that can? | defeat a viral infection.
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| Other B lymphocytes (B cells) become dormant and are responsible for a more? | potent and rapid antibody response during subsequent exposures to the same antigen.
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| Lymphocytes are categorized as? | 1. B lymphocytes (B cells)
2. T lymphocytes (T cells)
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| The B lymphocytes (B cells) mature in the? | bone marrow
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| Some B lymphocytes (B cells) produce? | antibodies.
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| These dormant B lymphocytes (B cells) are called? | memory cells.
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| Memory cells are responsible for a? | lasting immunity.
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| Types of antibodies include? | 1. IgG
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| Types of antibodies include? | 2. IgM.
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| Types of antibodies include? | 3. IgA.
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| Types of antibodies include? | 4. IgD.
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| Types of antibodies include? | 5. IgE.
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| Ig stands for? | immunoglobulin.
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| Administration of an attenuated for inactivated antigen is called a? | 1. Vaccination.
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| Administration of an attenuated for inactivated antigen is called a? | 2. Inoculation.
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| Administration of an attenuated for inactivated antigen is called a? | 3. Immunization.
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| Booster immunizations are designed to stimulate the production of more? | memory B cells.
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| The B lymphocytes (B cells) will develop antibodies when? | 1. A person contracts a pathological antigen.
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| The B lymphocytes (B cells) will develop antibodies when? | 2. A person is exposed to an attenuated or inactive pathological antigen.
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| MMR stands for? | measles (rubeola), mumps (parotitis), and rubella (German measles).
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| Common trade name for the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine include? | Priorix, Tresivac, and Trimovax.
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| Attenuated means that the antigen has been? | cripples
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| Inactivated means that the antigen is? | dead.
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| An attenuated or inactivated antigen does not cause disease but will? | trigger that B lymphocytes (B cells) to produce antibodies.
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| OPV (IPV) stands for? | oral (inactivated) polio vaccine
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| DPT Stands for? | diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus.
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| Common trade names for the diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT) vaccine include? | DTaP -age 1-7 (Daptacel)
Tdap -booster (Adacel,Boostrix)
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| VZV stands for? | varicella zoster virus.
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| The varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes? | chickenpox.
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| A common trade name for the varicella zoster vaccine is? | Varivax.
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| MCV stands for? | menigococcal vaccine.
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| The meningococcal vaccine (MCV) prevents? | bacterial meningitis.
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| HAV stands for the? | hepatitis A virus.
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| Common trade names for the hepatitis A vaccine include? | Havrix and Vaqta.
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| Common trade names for the meningococcal vaccine (MCV) include? | Menomune and Menactra.
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| MCV4 is recommended for ages? | 2 through 55
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| MPSVA4 is recommended for ages over? | 55
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| HBV stands for the? | hepatitis B virus.
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| Common trade names for the hepatitis B vaccine include? | Hepatovax, Energix B, and Recombivax HB.
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| Hib stands for? | haemophilus influenza b vaccine
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| The haemophilus influenza b vaccine (Hib) prevents? | bacterial meningitis.
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| PPV stands for? | pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.
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| The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) prevents? | pneumococcal pneumonia and meningitis.
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| Herpes zoster is also known as? | shingles
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| A common trade name for the herpes zoster vaccine is? | Zostavax.
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| Common trade names for the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) include? | Prevnar, Penumovax 23, and Pnu-Immune 23.
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| RV stands for? | rotavirus.
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| The rotavirus (RV) causes profound? | diarrhea in infants and children.
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| A common trade name for the rotavirus (RV) vaccine is? | Rota Teq.
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| HPV stands for? | human papilloma virus.
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| The human papilloma virus (HPV) can cause? | genital warts.
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| A common trade name for the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine is? | Gardasil.
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| The last case of smallpox was in? | 1977
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| The smallpox vaccine is not? | routinely administered.
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| A blood test used to determine the amount of a specific antibody present is called an? | antibody titer.
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| CD8 T lymphocytes (killer cells) destroy body cells that have been invaded by viruses and? | destroys cancer cells.
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| CD4 T lymphocytes (helper cells) increase the activity of? | killer cells, stimulate B lymphocytes (B cells), and activate monocytes.
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| A CD4 T lymphocyte count less than 200 indicates the transition from the? | human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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Created by:
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