med terms
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| what do electrographic tests do | they record the electrical activity occuring in certain parts of the body
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| what type of electrographic test is used to examine the heart | ekg or ecg
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| what is distinct advantage of ekg | it is noninvasive safe & painless
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| what type of electrographic test is used to measure electrical activity in skeletal muscles | EMG
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| what electrographic test studies the brain | EEG
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| EEG is used to do what | identify changes in the brain
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| for what condition is EEG most effective to diagnose and differentiate among the forms | Epilepsy
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| Is EMG invasive | Most are
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| What is EMG frequently performed in conjunction with | NCS
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| what do NCS study | they measure a nerve's impulse in response to stimulus at one point, which causes a reaction at another point.
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| EMG is useful for diagnosing what? | nerve compression disorders, herniated intervertebral discs, nerve root irritation and muscular diseases
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| What do nuclear medicine tests involve? | introducing small doses of radioactive substances into the body to diagnose medical conditions
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| the existence of a pathological condition in nuclear medicine tests is indicates when? | when more of less of a tracer is absorbed by the body than normal
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| when a pathological condition exists, the scan shows either a hit spot or a cold spot depending on how the tracer is absorbed by the particular body part. a hot spot occurs when the tracer absorption is what? | increased
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| a cold spot occurs when the tracer absorption is what | decreased
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| a major advantage to nuclear imaging is that it provides what kind of information about a body part being studied? | functional
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| For anatomic imaging ,nuclear scans provide what type of resolution? | lower quality resolution
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| what are the disadvantages of nuclear imaging? | radiation risk,cannot use with pregnant women, invasive, possibility that patient will have allergic reaction to radiopharmaceutical
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| The type of radionuclide imaging that tests entire skeleton or selected bones is called what? | bone scan
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| when a hot spot occurs on a nuclear scan of a child's bone what could it mean? | that teh bone growth area is howing as a hot spot and it is not a pathological spot
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| Inbone scans, when a cold spot is indicated, what does that ususally mean? | A tumor has cut off the blood circulation in teh bone, has totally replace the bone or a necrotic area(death of areas of the bone)
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| What are some advantages to bone scans? | Can ID bone malignancies by type,can id infections and fractures, can detect abnormalities before xray can, painless
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| Cardiovascular scans include what tests? | hot spot myocardial imaging,thalliumor cold spot imaging and cardiac blood pool imaging
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| Nuclear tests of liver/spleen usually require what else? | CT, ultrasound or other tests for confirmation
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| Which nuclear medical test uses a cyclotron? | Pet because the radionuclide must be produced immediatly before it is used.
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| What does the SPECT test provide? | Three-dimensional image providing functional information
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| During a Bone Scan,if the injection of the radionuclide is not given properly what could happen? | False hot spots could be produced
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| What is the basic principle that makes ultrasonography work? | sound waves of an extremely high frequency to produce an image of a particular area of the body.
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| What is ultrasonography best suited for testing? | Medium density soft tissue(like Kidneys)
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| Why is ultrasound considered the safest test for pregnant women | no readiation
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| What is a major disadvantage of ultrasonographe? | scar tissue may weakenreflected sound waves, ineffective for teh obese, ineffective for bone & air filled structures (like lungs)
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| Which echocardiography technique provides a 2-dimensional view of structures of the heart? | 2-dimensional (cross-sectional or 2-DE
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| Which echocardiography technique provides a one-dimensional view of structures within the heart? | M-Mode (motion mode)
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| When trauma has occured to the chest and echocardiogram might be used to do what? | search for the cause of pain or abnormal heart sounds
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| Transesophageal echocardiography combines echocardiography with what else | an endoscope
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| What are some disadvantages of Echocardiography? | test results can be distorted by people with lung conditions, may not be able to define the exact nature of an abnormality, TE is invasive
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| What ultrasonography test analyzes the audible sounds of blood flow | dopller ultrasonography
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| Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measure blood flow in what? | the cerebral arteries
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| What special equipment does doppler ultrasonography use? | a probe placed on the skin to record & analyze the blood flow based on the audible signal blood produces as it moves
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