Pathology in the integumentary system
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| Burns | show 🗑
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| one of the most serious threats to skin | show 🗑
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| leading cause of death among burn victims | show 🗑
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| Characteristics of Burns that Threaten life | show 🗑
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| show | Determines what percentage of the body surface area is burned, Estimates fluid loss; Divides body into 11 areas of 9% plus 1 area of 1%
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| Parts of the Rules of Nine | show 🗑
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| show | 9%
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| show | 9%
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| show | 18% front and back, each count as two, 36% total
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| What percentage makes up each leg | show 🗑
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| show | 1%
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| Burns are classified according to | show 🗑
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| show | more than 25% is second degree, or more than 10% is third degree, or burns to face, hands, and/or feet
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| facial burns | show 🗑
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| show | red and swollen skin, only the epidermis is damaged; Temporary discomfort; Partial thickness burn; Sunburn; Regeneration of skin possible
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| Second degree burn | show 🗑
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| show | Destroys entire thickness of skin “full thickness burn”; Gray-white, black color with nerves destroyed (Not painful); Regeneration not possible; Must receive skin graft
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| show | Most common type of cancer (CA); 1 in 5 Americans have skin CA at some point in their life
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| Greatest risk factor of skin cancer | show 🗑
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| Ways to Prevent skin cancer | show 🗑
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| show | Cells of stratum basale effected, Shiny, dome-shaped pearly beaded edge, Rarely metastasize (spread), slow growing, only at sun-exposed areas, requires surgical removal, easy to cure
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| Most common type of skin CA | show 🗑
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| show | Basal Cell carcinoma
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| show | Arises from stratum spinosum, Scaly, shallow ulcer with firm raised border, Metastasizes to lymph nodes, Rapid growth, Sun induced, Surgically removed, Good chance of complete cure
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| show | Cancer of melanocytes, Arises from pigmented mole, Metastasizes to lymph nodes or blood vessels, Rapid Spreading of brown/black patch, Extensive surgical excision, 50% chance of survival, even if removed it can grow back
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| show | Metastatic (Malignant) Melanoma
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| show | ABCDE; Asymmetry, border irregularity, color, diameter, elevation
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| show | two sides of pigment in mole or spot do not match(examining for skin cancer)
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| show | borders of lesions are not smooth, have indentions(examining for skin cancer)
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| show | the pigmented area contains different colors(examining for skin cancer)
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| Diameter (examining for skin cancer) | show 🗑
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| Elevation(examining for skin cancer) | show 🗑
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| Pressure Ulcer | show 🗑
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| Necrosis | show 🗑
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| Common areas for pressure ulcers | show 🗑
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| Risk factors of Pressure ulcers | show 🗑
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| show | Inability to control one’s bowels
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| Contact Dermatitis | show 🗑
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| Allergic responses causing contact dermatitis | show 🗑
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| Psoriasis | show 🗑
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| show | stress, trauma, hormones, infections
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| show | Transmissible parasitic infection; Mite burrows into stratum corneum and burrow eggs; Larva congregate around hair follicles; Associated with very poor hygiene
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| Athlete’s foot | show 🗑
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| Boils and carbuncles | show 🗑
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| show | (fever blisters) fluid-filled blisters that itch and sting, caused by herpes simplex infection
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| show | Also called Hemangioma, Birthmark, Very large w/ lots of vascular supply (blood vessels) so it looks very red; Hyperplasia vascular lesion of skin and subcutaneous tissue; Flat, Pink-red-purple
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| show | Excessive proliferation of connective tissue during healing of open skin that causes a Large thick scar on skin surface that looks Shiny, smooth, dome-like, no prevention, can be corrected with pressure guard
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| Keloid Scarring is More common among | show 🗑
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| show | Rare, Inherited disorder, auto-somal recessive trait, Have melanocytes but Missing enzyme that makes melanocytes produce melanin, causes Pale skin, white hair, and light eyes (blue)
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| Vitiligo | show 🗑
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| Allopecia | show 🗑
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