chapter 14 words
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| The "father of the Turks"; a World War I officer who led Turkey into the modern age and replaced the Ottoman Empire in the 1920s. | AtatŸrk, Mustafa Kemal
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| The 1917 public statement that Britain favored the foundation of a "Jewish homeland" in Palestine. | Balfour Declaration
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| a small faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party who were led by Lenin and dedicated to violent revolution; seized power in Russia in 1917 and were subsequently renamed the Communists. | Bolsheviks
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| An ideology based on tradition and social stability that favored the maintenance of established institutions, organized religion, and obedience to authority and resisted change, especially abrupt change. | Conservatism
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| The Russian legislature created by Tsar Nicolas II. | Duma
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| Twentieth-century philosophy that was popular after World War II in Europe; it insists on the necessity to inject life with meaning by individual decisions. | Existentialism
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| First introduced in 1929 at Stalin´s command to collectivize agriculture and industrialize the economy of the Soviet Union. | Five-Year Plan
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| Organized in 1885, this secular organization promoted Indian nationalism and lobbied for increased rights of Indians; it became a major force in the struggle for Indian independence. | Indian National Congress
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| The nationalist party headed by Chiang Kai-shek during the 1930s and 1940s in China. | Kuomintang (KMT)
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| A group of people located in an area comprising eastern Turkey, northern Iraq, northern Syria, and northwest Iran; the Kurds have unsuccessfully sought an independent state and have fought with the governments of Turkey and Iraq. | Kurds
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| Ideology people freed from as much restraint.Economic Liberalism,government not interfere with economy.Political liberalism, restraint of exercised power,people enjoy civil rights in constitutional state with representative assembly. | Liberalism
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| a philosophy shared among African blacks that there exists a distinctive "African personality" that owes nothing to Western values and provides a common sense of prupose and destiny for black Africans. | negritude
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| A policy introduced at the conclusion of the civil war that allowed for partial capitalism and private enterprise in the Soviet Union. | New Economic Policy (NEP)
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| The ruling council of the Soviet Union; it came under the firm control of Joseph Stalin, but reasserted substantial power upon the dictator´s death. | Politburo
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| The youthful militants, instigated by Mao Zedong, who carried out the Cultural Revolution in China during the 1960s. | Red Guard
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| The rejection of supernatural religion as the arbiter of earthly action; emphasis on worldly affairs. | Secularism
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| Those who advocate the extension of the right to vote (suffrage), especially to women. | Suffragists
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| A secret 1916 pact between the British and French to divide up Ottoman holdings in the Middle East after World War I; at the same time the British were promising Arabs independence after the war. | Sykes-Picot Agreement
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| An association of Marxist parties in many nations; inspired by Russian Communists and headquartered in Moscow until its dissolution in 1943. | Third International
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| an international movement that called for the establishment of a Jewish state or a refuge for Jews in Palestine. | Zionism
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