Anatomy
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| rough ER: synthesis of: | show 🗑
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| smooth ER: synthesis of: | show 🗑
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| Golgi apparatus | show 🗑
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| 1st branchial (pharyngeal) arch AKA mandibular arch = | show 🗑
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| 2nd branchial (pharyngeal) arch AKA hyoid arch = | show 🗑
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| 3rd branchial (pharyngeal) arch = | show 🗑
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| 4th branchial (pharyngeal) arch = | show 🗑
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| show | Vagus nerve (X); Recurrent laryngeal nerve
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| Hypothalamus hormones | show 🗑
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| Pituitary hormones | show 🗑
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| show | Epinephrine; Cortisol; Aldosterone
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| Control of prolactin | show 🗑
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| show | Upper cortical inputs (CNS); Autonomic NS; environmental cues (light & temp); Peripheral endocrine FB
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| show | Estrogen (F); Spermatogenesis (M) [if no estrogen prod: FSH increases]
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| show | regulates ovulation; stimulates testosterone in men [if no testosterone prod: LH increases]
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| show | increases thyroid hormone production [if no TH prod: TSH increases]
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| Prolactin: fx | show 🗑
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| show | controls acral growth
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| show | stimulates cortisol production
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| Axial skeleton: | show 🗑
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| show | 85 % of skel mass; long bones; majority of cortical bone; 20 % of metabolic activity
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| More abundant; precursor to T3 | show 🗑
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| exerts majority of thyroidal hormone effects: | show 🗑
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| show | most is pro-bound; unbound = regulator for negative feedback inhibition mechanism
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| show | O2 consumption CHO & protein metabolism, electrolyte mobilization & conversion of carotene to Vitamin A; also lipid synth & metab
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| Thyroid & insulin req in DM | show 🗑
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| TBG affects: | show 🗑
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| show | Alters the permeability of renal collecting tubules to water; Causes vasoconstriction
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| show | 285 mOsm/L
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| Vit D metabolites: fn | show 🗑
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| show | IGF’s mediate the effect of GH on skeletal muscle
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| show | zona glomerulosa
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| show | reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium; prevention of hypovolemia & hyperkalemia
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| Cortisol fn | show 🗑
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| show | in AM; in stress & exercise
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| Bartholin vs skene glands | show 🗑
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| show | thoracic (ascending, arch, descending); Abdominal
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| 3 layers of aorta: | show 🗑
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| show | rectus sheath, inferior epigastric vessels, inguinal ligament
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| GI tract layers | show 🗑
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| show | maxil / ethmoid dz most common; fully formed at birth (clinical dz at 6 mos); sphenoid 7-8 yrs; frontal early teens
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