Language of Medicine Chapter 20 - Created by MTatHome.com
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| abduction | Movement away from the midline of the body.
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| adduction | Movement toward the midline of the body.
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| angiogram | X-ray image of blood vessels after injecting contrast material into the vessels.
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| anteroposterior | In this AP x-ray view, x-rays travel from an anteriorly placed source to a posteriorly placed detector (x-ray beam passes from the front to the back of the body).
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| arthrography | Process of x-ray imaging a joint after injecting contrast into the joint.
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| bone scan | A radioactive (technetium-99m) phosphate compound is injected intravenously and bones are scanned for evidence of tumors.
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| cholangiography | Process of x-ray imaging bile ducts after injecting contrast into the bile ducts.
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| cineradiography | Use of motion picture techniques to record a series of x-ray images.
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| computed tomography | Use of x-ray equipment and a computer to create multiple views of organs, including cross-sectional or axial images.
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| contrast studies | Material (contrast media) is injected into vessels and organs to obtain contrast with surrounding tissues when viewed on x-ray and other mages.
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| echocardiography | Sound waves are used to image the structure of the heart.
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| eversion | Turning outward.
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| extension | Lengthening or straightening a flexed limb.
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| flexion | Bending a part of the body.
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| fluorescence | Emission of glowing light that results from exposure to and absorption of radiation from x-rays.
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| fluoroscopy | Process of using x-rays to produce an image on a fluorescent screen.
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| gallium scan | Radioisotope (gallium 67) is injected intravenously and has an affinity for tumors and other lesions.
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| gamma camera | Machine to detect gamma rays given off by radiopharmaceuticals (radioactive compounds) during scanning for diagnostic purposes.
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| gamma rays | High-energy rays emitted by radioactive substances in tracer studies.
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| half-life | Time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration.
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| in vitro | Process, test, or procedure performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism.
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| in vivo | Process, test or procedure performed, measured, or observed within a living organism.
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| interventional radiology | Therapeutic procedures performed by a radiologist.
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| inversion | Turning inward.
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| ionization | Transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles.
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| labeled compound | Combination of a radioactive substance (radionuclide) and a drug; used in nuclear medicine studies.
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| lateral decubitus | Lying down on one’s side with the x-ray beam horizontally positioned.
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| magnetic resonance imaging | Magnetic field and radio waves produce sagittal, coronal, and axial images of the body; especially effective to image soft tissues.
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| myelography | X-ray image of the spinal cord after injection of contrast into the membranes surrounding the spinal cord.
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| nuclear medicine | Medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances (radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals) in the diagnosis of disease.
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| oblique | Positioned at an angle; an x-ray view.
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| positron-emission tomography (PET) | Radionuclides given intravenously emit positrons, which create a cross-sectional image of cellular metabolism in specialized areas of the body.
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| posteroanterior | In this position, x-ray beams pass from the back to the front of the body.
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| prone | Lying on the belly (face down).
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| pyelogram | X-ray record of the kidneys (renal pelvis) and urinary tract after contrast is injected (intravenously or retrograde).
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| radiographer | Aids physicians in administering diagnostic x-ray procedures.
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| radioimmunoassay | Test combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient’s blood.
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| radioisotope | Radioactive form of an element; radionuclide.
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| radiology | Study of x-ray and other energy sources in the diagnosis of disease.
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| radiolucent | Permitting the passage of x-rays.
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| radionuclide | Radioactive form of an element; gives off energy in the form of radiation; radioisotope.
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| radiopaque | Obstructing the passage of x-rays.
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| radiopharmaceutical | Radioactive drug (radionuclide plus a drug) that is administered safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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| recumbent | Lying down (prone or supine).
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| roentgenology | Study of x-rays; radiology.
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| scan | Image of an area, organ, or tissue of the body obtained from ultrasound, radioactive tracer studies, or computed tomography.
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| single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) | Radioactive tracer is injected intravenously, and a computer reconstructs a three-dimensional image based on a composite of many views.
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| sonogram | Image of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the body; echogram or ultrasound image.
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| supine | Lying on one’s back.
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| tagging | Attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body.
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| thallium scan | Thallium 201 is injected intravenously to allow for myocardial perfusion and assess damage to heart muscle from heart attacks.
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| therapeutic | Pertaining to treatment or therapy.
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| thyroid scan | An iodine 131 radionuclide is administered intravenously, and an image of the size and shape of the thyroid gland is obtained by scanning.
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| tomography | Process of taking a series of images to show an organ in layers or depth.
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| tracer studies | Radionuclides are attached to chemicals, used as tags or markers, and followed as they travel through the body.
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| transducer | Handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals.
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| ultrasonography | Ultrasonography is the use of high frequency sound waves that are beyond the range of normal hearing to produce a record or picture of an organ or tissue.
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| ultrasound | Diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they bounce (echo) off parts of the body.
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| uptake | Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue.
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| urography | Process of taking x-ray images of the urinary tract after injecting contrast.
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| ventilation-perfusion studies | Radiopharmaceutical is inhaled (ventilation study) and injected intravenously (perfusion study) followed by imaging its passage through the respiratory tract.
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