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LOM Book Chapter 20
Language of Medicine Chapter 20 - Created by MTatHome.com
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abduction | Movement away from the midline of the body. |
| adduction | Movement toward the midline of the body. |
| angiogram | X-ray image of blood vessels after injecting contrast material into the vessels. |
| anteroposterior | In this AP x-ray view, x-rays travel from an anteriorly placed source to a posteriorly placed detector (x-ray beam passes from the front to the back of the body). |
| arthrography | Process of x-ray imaging a joint after injecting contrast into the joint. |
| bone scan | A radioactive (technetium-99m) phosphate compound is injected intravenously and bones are scanned for evidence of tumors. |
| cholangiography | Process of x-ray imaging bile ducts after injecting contrast into the bile ducts. |
| cineradiography | Use of motion picture techniques to record a series of x-ray images. |
| computed tomography | Use of x-ray equipment and a computer to create multiple views of organs, including cross-sectional or axial images. |
| contrast studies | Material (contrast media) is injected into vessels and organs to obtain contrast with surrounding tissues when viewed on x-ray and other mages. |
| echocardiography | Sound waves are used to image the structure of the heart. |
| eversion | Turning outward. |
| extension | Lengthening or straightening a flexed limb. |
| flexion | Bending a part of the body. |
| fluorescence | Emission of glowing light that results from exposure to and absorption of radiation from x-rays. |
| fluoroscopy | Process of using x-rays to produce an image on a fluorescent screen. |
| gallium scan | Radioisotope (gallium 67) is injected intravenously and has an affinity for tumors and other lesions. |
| gamma camera | Machine to detect gamma rays given off by radiopharmaceuticals (radioactive compounds) during scanning for diagnostic purposes. |
| gamma rays | High-energy rays emitted by radioactive substances in tracer studies. |
| half-life | Time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration. |
| in vitro | Process, test, or procedure performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism. |
| in vivo | Process, test or procedure performed, measured, or observed within a living organism. |
| interventional radiology | Therapeutic procedures performed by a radiologist. |
| inversion | Turning inward. |
| ionization | Transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles. |
| labeled compound | Combination of a radioactive substance (radionuclide) and a drug; used in nuclear medicine studies. |
| lateral decubitus | Lying down on one’s side with the x-ray beam horizontally positioned. |
| magnetic resonance imaging | Magnetic field and radio waves produce sagittal, coronal, and axial images of the body; especially effective to image soft tissues. |
| myelography | X-ray image of the spinal cord after injection of contrast into the membranes surrounding the spinal cord. |
| nuclear medicine | Medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances (radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals) in the diagnosis of disease. |
| oblique | Positioned at an angle; an x-ray view. |
| positron-emission tomography (PET) | Radionuclides given intravenously emit positrons, which create a cross-sectional image of cellular metabolism in specialized areas of the body. |
| posteroanterior | In this position, x-ray beams pass from the back to the front of the body. |
| prone | Lying on the belly (face down). |
| pyelogram | X-ray record of the kidneys (renal pelvis) and urinary tract after contrast is injected (intravenously or retrograde). |
| radiographer | Aids physicians in administering diagnostic x-ray procedures. |
| radioimmunoassay | Test combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient’s blood. |
| radioisotope | Radioactive form of an element; radionuclide. |
| radiology | Study of x-ray and other energy sources in the diagnosis of disease. |
| radiolucent | Permitting the passage of x-rays. |
| radionuclide | Radioactive form of an element; gives off energy in the form of radiation; radioisotope. |
| radiopaque | Obstructing the passage of x-rays. |
| radiopharmaceutical | Radioactive drug (radionuclide plus a drug) that is administered safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. |
| recumbent | Lying down (prone or supine). |
| roentgenology | Study of x-rays; radiology. |
| scan | Image of an area, organ, or tissue of the body obtained from ultrasound, radioactive tracer studies, or computed tomography. |
| single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) | Radioactive tracer is injected intravenously, and a computer reconstructs a three-dimensional image based on a composite of many views. |
| sonogram | Image of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the body; echogram or ultrasound image. |
| supine | Lying on one’s back. |
| tagging | Attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body. |
| thallium scan | Thallium 201 is injected intravenously to allow for myocardial perfusion and assess damage to heart muscle from heart attacks. |
| therapeutic | Pertaining to treatment or therapy. |
| thyroid scan | An iodine 131 radionuclide is administered intravenously, and an image of the size and shape of the thyroid gland is obtained by scanning. |
| tomography | Process of taking a series of images to show an organ in layers or depth. |
| tracer studies | Radionuclides are attached to chemicals, used as tags or markers, and followed as they travel through the body. |
| transducer | Handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals. |
| ultrasonography | Ultrasonography is the use of high frequency sound waves that are beyond the range of normal hearing to produce a record or picture of an organ or tissue. |
| ultrasound | Diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they bounce (echo) off parts of the body. |
| uptake | Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue. |
| urography | Process of taking x-ray images of the urinary tract after injecting contrast. |
| ventilation-perfusion studies | Radiopharmaceutical is inhaled (ventilation study) and injected intravenously (perfusion study) followed by imaging its passage through the respiratory tract. |
Created by:
mtathome
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