Positional and directional terms
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| ANTERIOR | Front of the body
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| POSTERIOR | back of the body
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| DEEP | away from the surface
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| SUPERFICIAL | on the surface
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| PROXIMAL | near the beginning
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| DISTAL | far from the beginning
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| INFERIOR | below structure
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| SUPERIOR | above structure
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| MEDIAL | pertaining to the middle
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| LATERAL | pertaining to the side
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| SUPINE | lying on the belly
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| PRONE | lying on the back
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| TRANSVERSE PLANE | divides body, upper and lower portions
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| SAGITTAL | divides body, left and right sides
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| CAUDAL | below another structure
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| ASCITES | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
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| FLATUS | gas expelled through the anus
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| MELENA | Black, tarry stools: feces containing blood
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| CROHN DISEASE | Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract
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| DIVERTICULA | Abnormal side pockets in the intestinal wall
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| GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLEX | Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach
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| PANCREATITIS | Inflammation of the pancreas
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| HEMOCCULT TEST | A test to determine the presence of blood in feces
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| ABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY | Sound waves are beamed into the abdomen and recorded
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| LIVER SCAN | Radioactive material is injected intravenously and taken up by the liver cells
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| 1.right hypochondriac region 2.epigastric region 3.left hypochondriac region 4.right lumbar region 5.umbilical region 6.left lumbar region 7.right inguinal region 8.hypogastric region 9.left inguinal region | the 9 abdominal sections from top right to lower left
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