Diseases of the Respiratory System
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| name the seven structures which air passes through upon breathing in | nose (nasal passage), pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
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| gas exchange in the lungs | external respiration
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| gas exchange at the systemic capillaries | internal respiration
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| serous membrane surrounding each lung | pleura
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| coryza also known as | the common cold
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| is the common cold an infection of the upper respiratory tract or the lower respiratory tract? | upper respiratory tract
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| two most common causes of coryza | rhinovirus, coronavirus
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| inflammation of the nasal passages | rhinitis
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| inflammation of the paranasal sinuses | sinusitis
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| inflammation of the throat | pharyngitis
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| inflammation of the voice box | laryngitis
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| form of allergy resulting from hyper sensitivity to various grass and tree pollens | hay fever
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| congestion and runny nose associated with hay fever is caused by edematous fluid secreted because of what product of antigenic action? | histamines
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| a common viral infection affecting the URT | influenza
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| inflammation of the windpipe | tracheitis
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| inflammation of the bronchi | bronchitis
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| a form of allergy characterized by hypersecretion of mucus and spasms of the bronchial muscles | asthma
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| inflammation of the lungs, generally with collection of inflammatory exudates in the alveoli | pneumonia
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| another name for pneumonia | pneumonitis
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| is pneumonia an URT or LRT concern? | lower respiratory tract
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| a common form of pneumonia localized in one or two lobes of the lungs | lobar pneumonia
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| lobar pneumonia is commonly caused by what causative agent? | Steptococcus pneumonia
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| inflammation of the pleura (serous membranes of the lungs) | pleuritis (pleurisy)
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| primarily an inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles, tends to be scattered throughout the lungs | bronchial pneumonia
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| inflammatory exudates of the pleura are prurulent (contain pus)-two names | empyema, pyothorax
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| collection of blood in the pleural cavities | hemothorax
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| when the fluids collecting in the pleural cavity are watery-two names | pleural effusion (hydrothorax)
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| collection of air in the pleural cavities | pneumothorax
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| collapsed lung | atelectasis
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| long term, chronic deterioration of lung tissue | emphysema
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| the end result of emphysema, destruction of alveolar walls and joining together into functionless sacs called | bullae
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| an umbrella term encompassing the various conditions which cause long term interference with the normal respiratory exchange of gases | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| a condition which affects several body systems, but particularly those with exocrine secretory functions, mucous membranes of the respiratory tract are affected | cystic fibrosis
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| infiltration of discoloration of the lungs due to prolonged inhalation of dust | pneumoconiosis
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| inhalation of the particles of silica stone dust | silicosis
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| inhalation of coal dust, black lung disease | anthracosis
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| inhalation of asbestos fibers | asbestosis
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| communicable LRT disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis | tuberculosis
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| affects the lungs, most common form of TB, may also affect other body organs | pulmonary tuberculosis
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| TB which spreads through the blood and lymph vessels, tubercles formed resemble millet seeds-two names | disseminated (miliary) tuberculosis
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| TB characterized by the formation of lesions called tubercles | chronic tuberculosis
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| soft cheese-like mass that forms within tubercles | caseous necrosis
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| liquefaction of a tubercle | cold abscess
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| growth of a tubercle erodes the wall of a bronchus and the contents are thrown off into the air passage way, leaving an empty cavity | cavitation
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| spitting up of blood, associated with TB | hemoptysis
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| cancer of one of the main bronchi | bronchogenic carcinoma
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