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Pathology QIV:QI
Diseases of the Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name the seven structures which air passes through upon breathing in | nose (nasal passage), pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli |
| gas exchange in the lungs | external respiration |
| gas exchange at the systemic capillaries | internal respiration |
| serous membrane surrounding each lung | pleura |
| coryza also known as | the common cold |
| is the common cold an infection of the upper respiratory tract or the lower respiratory tract? | upper respiratory tract |
| two most common causes of coryza | rhinovirus, coronavirus |
| inflammation of the nasal passages | rhinitis |
| inflammation of the paranasal sinuses | sinusitis |
| inflammation of the throat | pharyngitis |
| inflammation of the voice box | laryngitis |
| form of allergy resulting from hyper sensitivity to various grass and tree pollens | hay fever |
| congestion and runny nose associated with hay fever is caused by edematous fluid secreted because of what product of antigenic action? | histamines |
| a common viral infection affecting the URT | influenza |
| inflammation of the windpipe | tracheitis |
| inflammation of the bronchi | bronchitis |
| a form of allergy characterized by hypersecretion of mucus and spasms of the bronchial muscles | asthma |
| inflammation of the lungs, generally with collection of inflammatory exudates in the alveoli | pneumonia |
| another name for pneumonia | pneumonitis |
| is pneumonia an URT or LRT concern? | lower respiratory tract |
| a common form of pneumonia localized in one or two lobes of the lungs | lobar pneumonia |
| lobar pneumonia is commonly caused by what causative agent? | Steptococcus pneumonia |
| inflammation of the pleura (serous membranes of the lungs) | pleuritis (pleurisy) |
| primarily an inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles, tends to be scattered throughout the lungs | bronchial pneumonia |
| inflammatory exudates of the pleura are prurulent (contain pus)-two names | empyema, pyothorax |
| collection of blood in the pleural cavities | hemothorax |
| when the fluids collecting in the pleural cavity are watery-two names | pleural effusion (hydrothorax) |
| collection of air in the pleural cavities | pneumothorax |
| collapsed lung | atelectasis |
| long term, chronic deterioration of lung tissue | emphysema |
| the end result of emphysema, destruction of alveolar walls and joining together into functionless sacs called | bullae |
| an umbrella term encompassing the various conditions which cause long term interference with the normal respiratory exchange of gases | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| a condition which affects several body systems, but particularly those with exocrine secretory functions, mucous membranes of the respiratory tract are affected | cystic fibrosis |
| infiltration of discoloration of the lungs due to prolonged inhalation of dust | pneumoconiosis |
| inhalation of the particles of silica stone dust | silicosis |
| inhalation of coal dust, black lung disease | anthracosis |
| inhalation of asbestos fibers | asbestosis |
| communicable LRT disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis | tuberculosis |
| affects the lungs, most common form of TB, may also affect other body organs | pulmonary tuberculosis |
| TB which spreads through the blood and lymph vessels, tubercles formed resemble millet seeds-two names | disseminated (miliary) tuberculosis |
| TB characterized by the formation of lesions called tubercles | chronic tuberculosis |
| soft cheese-like mass that forms within tubercles | caseous necrosis |
| liquefaction of a tubercle | cold abscess |
| growth of a tubercle erodes the wall of a bronchus and the contents are thrown off into the air passage way, leaving an empty cavity | cavitation |
| spitting up of blood, associated with TB | hemoptysis |
| cancer of one of the main bronchi | bronchogenic carcinoma |
Created by:
amyziolkowski
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