test review week 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| what is anabolism | constructive part of metabolism involving molecular synthesis
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| what is cytology | study of structure, function, multiplication, and pathology of cells
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| what is homeostasis | relativley stable state of equilibrium
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| what is metabolism | process lof continually building up and using protoplasm to carry on vital processes and activites
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| what/where is the nucleus | central structure of a cell enclosed in a membrane which is essential to cellular functions such as reproduction and protein synthesis
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| what is a semipermeable membrane | a membrane which allows some molecules to pass through but not others
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| vaculoe | a small cavity or space in cell protoplasm containing air or fluid
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| what is the difference between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm | nucleoplasm- protoplasm making up the cell's nucleus
cytoplasm- protoplasm not contained in the nucleus
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| name 2 types of protoplasm | nucleoplasm and cytoplasm
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| where is the dna contained | nucleus
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| what are the functions of the cell | release of energy, consume oxygen, move substances in and out of cell, reproduce, metabolize nutrients, synthesize proteins
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| what is active transport | requires energy from the cell or wraps itself around a foreign particle.
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| what is passive transport | requires no energy; moves through solution methods of movement
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| what is phagocytosis | the process of englufing a solid particle by forming a pocket with the cell membrane
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| what is pinocytosis | process of engulfing a liquid particle by forming a pocket with the cell membrane
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| what is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis | phagocytosis- engulfing solid particles
pinocytosis- engulfing liquid particles
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| what is osmosis | solvent molecules pass through a semi-permeable membrane to equalize concentration on each side
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| what is diffusion | particles move to equalize concentration throughout
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| what is the difference between osmosis and diffusion | osmosis- move through semi permeable membrane to equalize
diffusion- particles move to equalize
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| what is isotonic solution | same concentration of dissolved particles as the solution with
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| what is hypertonic solution | solution contains greater concentration of dissolved particles than the solution
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| what is hypotonic solution | solution contains lesser concentration of dissolved particles than the solution
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| what is prophase | process of moving to opposite sides of cell
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| what is mitosis | occurs in all human cells except repoductive cells. have 2 daughter cells and 4 stages...prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
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| what is miosis | occurs in reproductive cells. 4 daughter cells and 1/2 number is chromosomes
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| muscle tissue | moves body by contraction/relaxation of pairs
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| nerve tissue | conducts impulses throughout the body
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| epithelial tissue | acts as a protective barrier from heat, cold, water loss, and bacterial invasion; aids in secretion and excretion
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| connective tissue | protects, supports, transports and binds the body together
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| what is epthellium classified by | shape and layer
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| simple squamous | flat, single layer
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| stratified cuboidal | multiple layer, cubelike
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| simple cuboidal | cubelike, single layer
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| simple columnar | single layer, taller than wide
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| areolar | location- between other tissues, organs, and superficial tissues
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| hemopoietic | myeloid- bone marrow
lymphatic- lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, and thymus
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| cartilage | loctaion- nasal septum, covering surfaces of bone, larynx rings in trachea
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| reticular | location- spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow
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| adipose | location- under skin as padding
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| what are the 3 types of connective tissue | skeletal, visceral, cardiac
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| skeletal tissue | striated, voluntary and found attached to bones
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| visceral tissue | non-striated, involuntary, found in hollow organs
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| cardiac tissue | striated, involuntary, found in heart
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| 2 types of nerve tissue | nueron and neuroglia
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| nueron | found in nverve cells
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| neuroglia | located in brain, spinal cord, and nerves
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| name main types of membranes | serous, cutaneous, mucous, synovial
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| cutaneous membrane | covers the body, found in epidermis and dermis
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| synovial membrane | membrane lines the joint, tendones and bursae.
aids in lubrication of joints
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| serous membrane | membrane lines closed cavities of body...thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and sac that lines the heart
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| mucous membrane | line nose, mouth, stomach, intestines...secrete mucous
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| parts of organelles | mitochondria- power plant
endoplasmic reticular- circulatory system
golgi apparatus- packing plant, synthesis of carbs
lysosomes- digest
ribosomes-synthesis of proteins
centrosomes- forms spindle during mi
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| amount of work required by cell is directly related to what | # of mitochondria
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| what is flagellum | single hairlike projection from the surface of the cell that propels (sperm)
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| what is microvilli | increas surface area of the cell
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