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infection test wk2
test review week 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is anabolism | constructive part of metabolism involving molecular synthesis |
| what is cytology | study of structure, function, multiplication, and pathology of cells |
| what is homeostasis | relativley stable state of equilibrium |
| what is metabolism | process lof continually building up and using protoplasm to carry on vital processes and activites |
| what/where is the nucleus | central structure of a cell enclosed in a membrane which is essential to cellular functions such as reproduction and protein synthesis |
| what is a semipermeable membrane | a membrane which allows some molecules to pass through but not others |
| vaculoe | a small cavity or space in cell protoplasm containing air or fluid |
| what is the difference between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm | nucleoplasm- protoplasm making up the cell's nucleus cytoplasm- protoplasm not contained in the nucleus |
| name 2 types of protoplasm | nucleoplasm and cytoplasm |
| where is the dna contained | nucleus |
| what are the functions of the cell | release of energy, consume oxygen, move substances in and out of cell, reproduce, metabolize nutrients, synthesize proteins |
| what is active transport | requires energy from the cell or wraps itself around a foreign particle. |
| what is passive transport | requires no energy; moves through solution methods of movement |
| what is phagocytosis | the process of englufing a solid particle by forming a pocket with the cell membrane |
| what is pinocytosis | process of engulfing a liquid particle by forming a pocket with the cell membrane |
| what is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis | phagocytosis- engulfing solid particles pinocytosis- engulfing liquid particles |
| what is osmosis | solvent molecules pass through a semi-permeable membrane to equalize concentration on each side |
| what is diffusion | particles move to equalize concentration throughout |
| what is the difference between osmosis and diffusion | osmosis- move through semi permeable membrane to equalize diffusion- particles move to equalize |
| what is isotonic solution | same concentration of dissolved particles as the solution with |
| what is hypertonic solution | solution contains greater concentration of dissolved particles than the solution |
| what is hypotonic solution | solution contains lesser concentration of dissolved particles than the solution |
| what is prophase | process of moving to opposite sides of cell |
| what is mitosis | occurs in all human cells except repoductive cells. have 2 daughter cells and 4 stages...prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase |
| what is miosis | occurs in reproductive cells. 4 daughter cells and 1/2 number is chromosomes |
| muscle tissue | moves body by contraction/relaxation of pairs |
| nerve tissue | conducts impulses throughout the body |
| epithelial tissue | acts as a protective barrier from heat, cold, water loss, and bacterial invasion; aids in secretion and excretion |
| connective tissue | protects, supports, transports and binds the body together |
| what is epthellium classified by | shape and layer |
| simple squamous | flat, single layer |
| stratified cuboidal | multiple layer, cubelike |
| simple cuboidal | cubelike, single layer |
| simple columnar | single layer, taller than wide |
| areolar | location- between other tissues, organs, and superficial tissues |
| hemopoietic | myeloid- bone marrow lymphatic- lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, and thymus |
| cartilage | loctaion- nasal septum, covering surfaces of bone, larynx rings in trachea |
| reticular | location- spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow |
| adipose | location- under skin as padding |
| what are the 3 types of connective tissue | skeletal, visceral, cardiac |
| skeletal tissue | striated, voluntary and found attached to bones |
| visceral tissue | non-striated, involuntary, found in hollow organs |
| cardiac tissue | striated, involuntary, found in heart |
| 2 types of nerve tissue | nueron and neuroglia |
| nueron | found in nverve cells |
| neuroglia | located in brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
| name main types of membranes | serous, cutaneous, mucous, synovial |
| cutaneous membrane | covers the body, found in epidermis and dermis |
| synovial membrane | membrane lines the joint, tendones and bursae. aids in lubrication of joints |
| serous membrane | membrane lines closed cavities of body...thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and sac that lines the heart |
| mucous membrane | line nose, mouth, stomach, intestines...secrete mucous |
| parts of organelles | mitochondria- power plant endoplasmic reticular- circulatory system golgi apparatus- packing plant, synthesis of carbs lysosomes- digest ribosomes-synthesis of proteins centrosomes- forms spindle during mi |
| amount of work required by cell is directly related to what | # of mitochondria |
| what is flagellum | single hairlike projection from the surface of the cell that propels (sperm) |
| what is microvilli | increas surface area of the cell |
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a1h12
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