Lesson 27/Musculoskeletal System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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LCL, MCL, ACL | lateral collateral ligament, medial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament
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LLE, LUE, RLE, RUE | left lower extremity, left upper extremity, right lower extremity, right upper extremity
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/alis | relating to
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/ate | that which is, chemical noun ending
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/clast | breaker or absorber
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/clisis | closure, surgical fusion (also /kleisis or /cleisis)
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/desis | surgical fusion or fixation
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/emesis, /emetic | vomiting
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/i | adjective form of /um, plural form of /us
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/ion | the act of
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/lucent, lucency | transmits light, a white spot on an x-ray
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/or (noun) | one that
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/sity, /city | the state of
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/ular | relating to
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/valgus, valgus | bent outward
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/varus, varus | bent inward
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/version | turned or a turning
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acetabul/o | vinegar cup
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acet/o | vinegar
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Achilles tendon | heel tendon (tendo calcaneous)
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acromion | lateral end of the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade)
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actin/o | ray
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adhes/o, adher/o | stuck to
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aerobic, anaerobic | living with oxygen, living without oxygen
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alveol/o | alveolus, alveoli (as it relates to MS system-portion of bone surrounding and supporting teeth)
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ambulat/o | walking
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amphi/ (pr. afee) | both sides, around or about, double
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ankyl/o | stiff, fused
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ap/ | ad/combined with p
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articul/o | jointed
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audit/o | ear or hearing
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bone parts | diaphysis, metaphysis, epiphysis, medullary canal, periosteal membrane
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calc/o | calcium
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calcane/o | calcaneous (relating to heel bone)
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campt/o | bent
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canals | haversion canals, Volkmann's canals (allow blood and nerve supply to bone)
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cancell/o | lattice (inner part of bone that has a spongy structure filled with marrow)
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canalicul/o | little canal
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capit/o | head, capitate
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capitulum | rounded articular extremity of a bone
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circum | around
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clas/o, clasia | destruction, fracture, surgical fracture
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cleid/o | clavicle
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coccyge/o | coccyx, coxa
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concha, conchae | shell-shaped bone
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condyl/o | knuckle
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congenital disease types | minimus, imperfecta, tarda, maximus, occulta
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contracture | Dupuytren's, Volkmann's (loss of muscular balance, loss of motion)
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crepitation | noise or vibration caused by rubbing bone or irregular cartilage together
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cribriform plate | bone lying behind nasal cavity through which smell travels to brain
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crista galli | attachment for the dural membrane lining the skull
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cruciat/o | crossed
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cyst | Baker's, bone
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di/, dipl/o | twice, used instead of bi/ for chemical names
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diploe |
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dis/ | reversal or seperation, twice
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disease | Paget's (or osteitis deformans), Hansen's, Albers-Schonberg, Legg-Calve-Perthes, Osgood-Schlatter
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dorsi/ | in a dorsal direction
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e/ | ex/, outward
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equin/o | horse, walking on toes like a horse
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fibul/o | fibula
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flaccid | relaxed, flabby or without tone
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fontanelle | anterior fontanelle, posterior fontanelle
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fracture | comminuted, greenstick, compression, Barton's, Colles'
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gangli/o | knot, ganglion
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genu | knee
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glen/o | shoulder, glenoid
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gout | metabolic disorder characterized by raised blood uric acid which causes severe arthritis (more common in men, usually inherited)
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hallux | great toe
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hamart/o | defect in tissue
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hamat/o | hooked, hamate, or uncinate bone
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humer/o | humerus
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hyster/o | uterus
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idiosyncratic | relating to a mental, behavioral, or physical peculiarity or abnormal reaction to a drug
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infarct, infarction | an area or dead tissue resulting from sudden insufficiency of blood supply
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kyph/o | hump
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lacrim/o | tear
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lacun/o | lake, lacuna, lacunae
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lamell/o | little layer, lamella, lamellae
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lepramat/o | leprosy (Hansen's disease)
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lig/a | ligament
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lord/o | concavity, hollow area
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lun/o | moon or moon-shaped
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luxat/o | slipped, dislocated
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malle/o, malleol/o | hammer, little hammer
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manubri/o | manubrium
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mast/o | breast or breast-shaped, mastoid process or sinus
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MCP, metacarpal-phalangeal, MTP, metatarsal- phalangeal | also metacarpophalangeal, metatarsalphalangel
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meat/o | hole or canal opening
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menisc/o | meniscus, crescent
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menopaus/o | menopause
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myci/o, mysi/o | muscle
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navicul/o | little boat, navicular
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nidus | nucleus or central point of origin of a nerve
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oblique | slantin; deviating from the planes of the body
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obturator | any structure that obstructs an opening
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odont/o | tooth or teeth, tooth-shaped
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olecranon | elbow bone, point of elbow
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palatine | relating to the palate (the bony and muscular partition between the oral and nasal cavities)
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pannus | a membrane of granulation tissue covering a normal surface (as in rheumatoid arthritus and other diseases)
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perone/o | peroneal tendon or nerve in leg
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phalang/o | phalanx, phalanges
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pigment/o | colored
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poikil/o, poiekyl/o | mottled
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process, processes | styloid, zygomatic, mastoid, palatine
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pronat/o | turn toward prone postion
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quadr/i, quadr/u | four or fourths
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RA | rheutoid arthritis
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ramus, rami | one of the primary divisions of a nerve or blood vessel or pa part of an irregularly shaped bone
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rheumat/o | watery discharge, rheumatic condition
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rickets | bone disease due to vitamin D deficiency that causes bone deformities
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/lemma | husk, membrane covering muscles and nerves
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sciatica | pain in lower back and hip radiating down back of thigh and into leg caused by herniated lumbar disc (not by nerve dysfunction as previously thought)
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scoli/o | curved
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sella turcica | Turkish saddle
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sequestr/o | separated
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sin/o, sinus/o | sinus, a cavity
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sinus | sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, mastoid
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snuffbox | (anatomic snuffbox) A hollow seen on the radial aspect of the wrist when the thumb is extended fully
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supinat/o | turn toward supine position
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syndrome | Albright's, Marfan, Reiter's, carpal tunnel
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erg/o | work
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tal/o | talus, heel
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taliped, talipes | club-foot
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tempor/o | timely, temporalis bone
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ten/o, tendin/o | tendon
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tophi | (pl. of tophus) A salivary calculus, or tartar
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trapezi/o | trapezius muscle
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trochant/o, trochanter/o | runner, part of femur
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trochle/o | pulley
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tuber/o | bulge, like a root
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uln/o | ulna
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vertebral levels | cervical=C1-C7 or C1-7, thoracic-T1-T12 or T1-12, lumbar=L1-L5 or L1-5
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xiphoid | sword-shaped
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zygomatic/o, zyg/o | junction, zygooma bone
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