A&P CH 4 Nervous Sys
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| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | a progressive disease that begins in the central nervous system and involves the degeneration of motor neurons and the subsequent atrophy of voluntary muscles, aka Lou Gehrig's disease
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| Ascending Tracts | tracts that carry sensory information to the brain
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| Axon | a single elongated projection from a nerve cell body that transmits impulses away from the cell body
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| Brain | the largest and most complex unit of the nervous system
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| Brainstem | the primitive portion of the brain the contains centers for vital functions and reflex actions
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| Centeral Nervous System | the brain, spinal cord, & their coverings
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| Cerebellum | the 2nd largest part of the brain; involved with balance, posture, coordination, & movement
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| Cerebrospinal fluid | a clear, colorless fluid that flows throughout the brain and around the spinal cord
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| Cerebrum | the largest of the brain divisions; receives, interprets, & associates incoming information with past memories
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| Dendrites | branching projections from the nerve cell body that carry signals to the cell body
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| Descending Tracts | tracts that carry motor information from the brain to the spinal cord
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| Dorsal Root | one of two roots that attach a spinal nerve to the spinal cord
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| Epilepticus | a continuous seizure
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| Essential Tremor | a chronic tremor that does not proceed from any other pathologic condition
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| Gray Matter | unmyelinated nervous tissue
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| Monoplegia | paralysis of a single limb or a single group of muscles
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| Myelin | a white, fatty insulating substance formed by the Schwann cells that surrounds some axons
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| Neurilemma | the outer cell membrane of a Schwann cell that is essential in the regeneration of injured axons
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| Neuroglia | specialized connective tissue cells that support, protect, and hold together neurons
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| Neurons | nerve cells that conduct impulses
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| Neurotransmitters | chemcial compounds that generate action potentials
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| Paraplegia | paralysis of the lower portion of the body and of both legs
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| Quadriplegia | paralysis or loss of movement of all four limbs
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| Schwann Cell | a specialized cell that forms myelin
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| Spinal Cord | the portion of the central nervous system that exits the skull and extends into the vertebral column
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| Synapses | a space between neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ
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| Tracts | collections of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord that have a common function
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| Ventral Root | one of two roots that attach a spinal nerve to the spinal cord
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| White Matter | myelinated nerve fiberts
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