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A&P CH 4 Nervous Sys
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | a progressive disease that begins in the central nervous system and involves the degeneration of motor neurons and the subsequent atrophy of voluntary muscles, aka Lou Gehrig's disease |
| Ascending Tracts | tracts that carry sensory information to the brain |
| Axon | a single elongated projection from a nerve cell body that transmits impulses away from the cell body |
| Brain | the largest and most complex unit of the nervous system |
| Brainstem | the primitive portion of the brain the contains centers for vital functions and reflex actions |
| Centeral Nervous System | the brain, spinal cord, & their coverings |
| Cerebellum | the 2nd largest part of the brain; involved with balance, posture, coordination, & movement |
| Cerebrospinal fluid | a clear, colorless fluid that flows throughout the brain and around the spinal cord |
| Cerebrum | the largest of the brain divisions; receives, interprets, & associates incoming information with past memories |
| Dendrites | branching projections from the nerve cell body that carry signals to the cell body |
| Descending Tracts | tracts that carry motor information from the brain to the spinal cord |
| Dorsal Root | one of two roots that attach a spinal nerve to the spinal cord |
| Epilepticus | a continuous seizure |
| Essential Tremor | a chronic tremor that does not proceed from any other pathologic condition |
| Gray Matter | unmyelinated nervous tissue |
| Monoplegia | paralysis of a single limb or a single group of muscles |
| Myelin | a white, fatty insulating substance formed by the Schwann cells that surrounds some axons |
| Neurilemma | the outer cell membrane of a Schwann cell that is essential in the regeneration of injured axons |
| Neuroglia | specialized connective tissue cells that support, protect, and hold together neurons |
| Neurons | nerve cells that conduct impulses |
| Neurotransmitters | chemcial compounds that generate action potentials |
| Paraplegia | paralysis of the lower portion of the body and of both legs |
| Quadriplegia | paralysis or loss of movement of all four limbs |
| Schwann Cell | a specialized cell that forms myelin |
| Spinal Cord | the portion of the central nervous system that exits the skull and extends into the vertebral column |
| Synapses | a space between neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ |
| Tracts | collections of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord that have a common function |
| Ventral Root | one of two roots that attach a spinal nerve to the spinal cord |
| White Matter | myelinated nerve fiberts |
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