A&P Chapter5: Tissue
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show | Epithelium Tissues
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Bind, support, protect, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells, framework, fight infection, repair tissue damaged. distributed throughout the body. good blood supply, cells are farther apart, has extracellular matrix between cells. Cells divide easy. | show 🗑
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show | Muscle Tissues
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show | Nervous Tissues
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show | Intercellular Junction
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show | Desmosome
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a type of intercellular junction in which the membranes of adjacent cells converge and fuse. It closes the space between cells. Typically join cells that form sheetlike layers. | show 🗑
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A type of intercellular junction that link the cytoplasm of adjacent cells and allow ions, nutrients, and other small molecules to move between them. | show 🗑
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show | Basement membrane
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show | Simple Squamous Epithelium
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show | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
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Single elongated cells; nuclei at same level near BM. Ciliated/nonciliated. Microville on free surfaces, increase surface area being exposed to substance absorption. Have goblet cell. Protection, secretion, absorption. Linings of uterus, stomach intestine | show 🗑
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Elongated cells. Appeared layer, but is not due to nuclei on different levels. Cell shape varies, all reach BM but some do not reach FS. Have goblet cells. Cilia on FS. Protection, secretion, movement of mucus/substance. Linings of respirator passages | show 🗑
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show | Globet Cells, found in Pseudostratified Columnar and Simple Columnar Epithelium
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Many layers of cells, making tissue thick. FS's cells are flattened and old; deeper layers (cell divide) are cuboidal or columnar. Some have keratin. Provides protection. Outer layer of skin, linings of oral cavity, vagina, and anal canal | show 🗑
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show | Keratin "Keratinization"
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Stratified Squamous Epithelium lines the oral cavity, esophagus, vagina, and anal canal. In these parts, the tissue stays soft and moist, cells on FS remains alive. Why? | show 🗑
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show | Stratified cuboidal epithelium
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show | Stratified Columnar Epithelium
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layers of cube/elongated cells. organs contract, tissue have layers of cuboidal cells; when distended, tissue stretch, physical relationship btw cells change, have few layers of cells. Distensibility, protection. Lining of bladder/ureters/part of urethra. | show 🗑
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show | Glandular Epithelium
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show | Exocrine gland
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show | Endocrine Gland
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A structure whose cells remain intact while secreting. Glands that release fluid products by exocytosis | show 🗑
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type of gland whose secretions have parts of secretory cells. The glands that lose small portions of their glandular cell bodies during secretion | show 🗑
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show | Holocrine Gland
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fibers and ground substance among the connective tissue cells. Ground substance has nonfibrous protein/molecules/fluid. | show 🗑
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Fixed Cells and Macrophages (wandering cells) | show 🗑
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cells that reside in the specific connective tissue type for an extended period | show 🗑
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show | Macrophages or wandering cells
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The most common type of fixed cell in connective tissue. It produces fibers by secreting proteins into the extracellular matrix of the connective tissues | show 🗑
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Large phagocytic cell (eat solid items). Originated from white blood cells. Usually attached to fibers, but can detach and move about. Specialized to carry on the phagocytosis. Clear foreign objects from tissues, fight against infection. | show 🗑
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show | Mast Cell
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show | Heparin
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a substance that promotes some of the reactions associated with inflammation and allergies. Released by Mast Cells | show 🗑
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show | collagenous fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers.
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Most abundant types of fibroblasts | show 🗑
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Protein in the white fibers of the connective tissues and in the bone matrix. The major structural protein of the body | show 🗑
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thick threads of the protein collagen. fibers grouped in long, parallel bundles; flexible but only slightly elastic. great tensile strength (can resist pulling force). important components of body parts that hold structures together:ligaments/tendons | show 🗑
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connects bones to bones | show 🗑
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connect muscles to bone | show 🗑
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Tissue that have abundant collagenous fibers. tissue appears white; sometimes called white fibers | show 🗑
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has sparse or limited collagenous fibers. | show 🗑
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composed of springlike protein elastin. fibers branch, forming complex networks in tissues. weaker than coll fibers, but elastic. fibers are common in stretchy body parts:vocal cords, air passage. yellow fibers. bundles of microfibrils embedded in elastin | show 🗑
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protein that comprises the yellow, elastic fibers of connective tissue | show 🗑
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are thin collagenous fibers. highly branched and form delicate supporting networks in tissues. | show 🗑
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show | connective tissue proper and specialized connective tissues
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includes loose connective tissue (areolar, adipose, reticular) and dense connective tissue (dense regular, dense irregular, and elastic) | show 🗑
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show | Specialized connective tissues
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forms delicate, thin membranes. fibroblasts cells are located distance apart, separated be a gel-like ground substance that contains many coll fibers and elastic fibers. binds organs, holds tissue fluid. beneath skin, btw muscle, beneath epithelial tissue | show 🗑
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protects, insulates, and stores fat. beneath skin, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, on surface of heart; cushion joints and some organs (kidneys). insulates beneath the skin, and stores energy in fat molecules. | show 🗑
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developed when adipocytes store fat in droplets in their cytoplasm. as they accumulate fat, they enlarge, and the nuclei are pushed to the side. adipocytes become so abundant that they crowd out other cell, forming this tissue | show 🗑
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Provide support. found in walls of the liver, spleen, and lymphatic organs. composed of thin, coll fibers in a 3-D network. | show 🗑
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show | Dense Regular Connective Tissue
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sustains tissue tension. found in the dermis (inner skin layer). fibers are thicker, interwoven, and more randomly organized; allowing to sustain tension from different directions | show 🗑
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Provides Elastic quality; found in walls of arteries and airways,btw bones of the spinal column; some portion of the heart. many consists of yellow, elastic fibers in parallel strands or in branching networks | show 🗑
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is a rigid connective tissue. provides support, frameworks, attachment; protects underlying tissues, forms structural models for many developing bones. lacks a direct blood supply, but get nutrients from the nearby pericondrium's blood vessel by diffusion | show 🗑
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is abundant and is largely composed of coll fibers embedded in gel-like ground substance. ground substance is rich in protein polysaacharide complex and contains water. | show 🗑
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show | Chondrocytes
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a cartilaginous structure is enclosed in a covering of connective tissue called. has blood-vess, giving nutrients to cartilage cell by diffusion, aided by water in the extr-matrix. lack of direct blood cause slow healing of cart., cell can't divide much. | show 🗑
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Three types of cartilage are distinguished by their different types of extracellular matrix. | show 🗑
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show | Hyaline Cartilage
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cells in solid-gel matrix. supports, protects, provides flexible framework. framework of external ear and part of larynx. more flexible than hyaline cart cause extr-matrix has a dense network of elastic fibers. | show 🗑
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Cells in solid-gel matrix. supports, protects, provide framework. forms intervertebral discs between bones of the spinal column, parts of pelvic girdle, and knees. tough tissue, has many coll fibers. a shock absorber for structures subjected to pressure. | show 🗑
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cells in sold matrix. supports, protects, provides framework. Bones of skeleton, middle ear. most rigid connective tissue due to middle salts btw cell. extra-matrix has abundant coll fibers, which are flexible and reinforce the mineral components of bone. | show 🗑
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show | Bone
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bone forming-cell; bone cell | show 🗑
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show | lamellae
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bone matrix is deposited by osteoblasts in thin layers of lamellae, forming concentric patterns around capill located within tiny longitudinal tubes called central(haversian) canals. Osteoblasts in launae surrounded by matrix, they are called osteocytes. | show 🗑
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in a bone, the osteocytes and layers of extra-matrix (concentrically clustered around a central canal) form a cylinder-shaped called... | show 🗑
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show | Blood
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show | Red blood cell
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show | White Blood Cell
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show | Platelets
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show | Epithelial Membranes
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show | serous membrane, mucous membrane, and cutaneous
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show | serous membrane
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lines the cavities and tubes that open to the outside of the body (oral/nasal, tubes of digestive/respiratory/urinary/reproductive systems). consists of epit overlying a layer of loose conn tissue. yet, type of epith varies with the location of membrane | show 🗑
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show | Cutaneous membrane
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A type of membrane composed entirely of connective tissues is this. It lines joints. | show 🗑
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show | muscle fibers
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long, threadlike cells, striated, many nuclei. provides voluntary movements of skeletal parts. muscles usually attached to bones. moves the head, trunk, and limbs. | show 🗑
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shorter cells, single-centrally located nucleus, spindle shaped. involuntary movements of internal organs. found in the walls of hollow internal organs (stomach, intestine, bladder, uterus, blood vessels). lacks striations. | show 🗑
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show | Cardiac Muscle Tissue
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show | Nervous Tissue
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show | Neuroglia
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neurons sense certain types of changes in their surroundings and respond to it by transmitting nerve impulses along cellular process called __ to other neurons or to muscles or glands. | show 🗑
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