6th Grade World History The Greek World
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Cyrus the Great | 585 BC - 529 BC won independence for Persia and conquered the Medes. Marked the beginning of the Persian Empire. He ruled the largest empire the world had ever seen. Allowed conquered people to keep their own customs.
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| cavalry | a unit of soldiers who ride horses. Cyrus used a cavalry to charge the enemy.
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| Darius | worked to restore control in Persia by dividing it into 20 provinces; built roads
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| Persian Wars | a series of wars between Persia and Greece.
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| Xerxes I | Darius' son; tried to conquer Greece
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| alliance | agreement to work together
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| Peloponnesian War | war between Athens and Spart that threatened to tear all Greece apart.
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| polis | Greek word for a city-state
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| classical | an age that is marked by great achievements
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| acropolis | high hill
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| democracy | a type of government in which people rule themselves
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| aristocrats | rich landowners
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| oligarchy | a government in which only a few people have power
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| citizens | people who had the right to participate in government
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| tyrant | a leader who held power through the use of force
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| Pericles | brillant elected leader; Athens reached its height under this man; encouraged the spread of democracy
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| mythology | a body of stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the world works.
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| Homer | Greek poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey.
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| Sappho | most famous woman poet who wrote lyric poems about love and relationships with her friends and family
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| Aesop | famous for his fables
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| fables | short stories that teach the reader lessons about life or give advice on how to live
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| Minoans | from the island of Crete; among the best shipbuilders of their time
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| Mycenaeans | first to speak Greek; build fortresses; often attacked other kingdoms
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| Athens | Greek city where democracy was born
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| phalanx | a group of warriors who stood close together in a square
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| Hellenistic | Greek-like; not completely Greek
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| Socrates | great Greek thinker; believed people must never stop looking for knowledge; taught by asking questions.
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| Plato | teacher and philosopher; student of Socrates; created a school where students discussed ideas
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| Aristotle | greatest Greek thinker; Plato's student; believed in moderation; moderation was based on reason - clear and ordered thinking
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| Euclid | world's greatest mathematicians; best known for geometry
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| Hippocrates | greatest Greek doctor; better known today for his ideas about how doctores should behave.
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| Philip II | Macedonian king, he was a brilliant military leader who defeated the Greeks. Alexander the Great was his son
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