Endocrine System Chp 10
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| ______ _______ provides slow, long lasting coordination of body functions | show 🗑
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| The endocrine system consists of glands and tissues that secrete ________ | show 🗑
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| Hormones are transported by ______ to other tissues and organs | show 🗑
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| show | target cells
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| show | Metabolic
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| show | Steroid hormones
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| show | Non-steroid hormones
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| ___________ are called local, or tissue hormones. | show 🗑
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| Prostaglandins are produced by ______ in nearly every organ and only affect cells close to them | show 🗑
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| show | Non-steroid
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| show | 1. Promote inflammation, with pain and fever
2. Constrict or dilate blood vessels
3. Promote blood clotting
4. Promote excretion of water or electrolytes by kidneys
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| Glands can be stimulated by a variety of stimuli such as _______, _________, or _______ ________. | show 🗑
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| show | negative feedback
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| The _________ __________ Hangs from a short stalk from the inferior aspect of the brain and is nestled in a hollowed out area in one of the skull bones. | show 🗑
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| What are the two parts of the Pituitary Gland | show 🗑
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| show | Hypothalamus
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| The anterior lobe _______ and ______ its own hormones. | show 🗑
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| show | posterior lobe
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| The hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the posterior lobe using _____ ________. | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Growth hormone (GH)
2. Thyroid-stimulation hormone (TSH)
3. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
4. Gonadotropins
5. Prolactin
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| What are the Posterior lobe hormones? | show 🗑
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| The _______ ______ stimulates the division and growth of body cells | show 🗑
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| Growth hormone is most abundant during _______ ______ | show 🗑
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| ______________ __________ Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormone | show 🗑
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| show | Hypothalamus
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| show | Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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| Excess stress can cause excess __________ ________ production | show 🗑
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| ______ Initiates and maintains milk production by mammary glands after child birth | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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| ___________ _______ Stimulates actual gamete production, eggs in females or sperm in males | show 🗑
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| show | Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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| show | Hypothalamus
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| Posterior lobe hormones are produced by _________ in the hypothalamus. | show 🗑
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| ________ ___________ Promotes water reabsorption by the kidneys to reduce water volume in urine which then increases water volume in the blood | show 🗑
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| Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone is regulated by neurons that monitor ____ ____________ in blood | show 🗑
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| show | Decrease
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| show | Increase
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| show | Oxytocin
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| Oxytocin Causes milk ___ _____ and ejection due to infant suckling | show 🗑
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| show | Positive Feedback
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| show | Larynx
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| _______ is necessary for production of thyroid hormones | show 🗑
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| Thyroid hormone is actually two hormones, ____ and _____ | show 🗑
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| show | Thyroid-stimulating hormone
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| show | 1. Increase metabolic rate
2. Promote protein synthesis
3. Enhance neuron function
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| _________ is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that lowers blood calcium by stimulating osteoblasts to take calcium out of the blood and deposit it into the bones | show 🗑
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| ________ ______ are small glands on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland and has 2 glands on each lobe | show 🗑
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| show | Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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| show | Kidney
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| show | Adrenal medulla ; Adrenal cortex
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| show | 1. Epinephrine
2. Norepinephrine
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| show | sympathetic division
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| show | 1. Decrease blood flow to organs and skin
2. Increase in blood flow to skeletal muscles, lungs, and nervous systems
3. Increase blood glucose levels
4. Increase rate of cellular respiration
5. Accommodate “fight or flight” response
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| show | 1. Aldosterone (a mineralocorticoid)
2. Cortisol (a glucocorticoid)
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| show | Aldosterone
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| Secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by a _______ in Na+, an ______ in K+ or a decrease in blood pressure | show 🗑
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| _______ helps the body respond to stress by making more glucose available to body cells. | show 🗑
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| Cortisol helps reduce inflammation but also reduces the ________ _________ | show 🗑
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| Secretion of cortisol is caused by ________ stimulation | show 🗑
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| In the pancreas __________ __ _________ secrete hormones | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Glucagon
2. Insulin
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| show | Glucagon
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| _________ Decreases blood glucose concentration when it gets too high by aiding glucose uptake by body cells where it can be used for energy, and causing the liver to synthesize extra glucose molecules into glycogen, which is the storage form. | show 🗑
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| show | negative feedback
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| Low blood glucose _________ secretion of glucagon and ________ secretion of insulin | show 🗑
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| show | Insulin ; glucagon
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| show | Diabetes mellitus (AKA sugar diabetes)
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| Symptoms of diabetes mellitus include high ______ ______ levels and acidosis, due to use of fats for energy | show 🗑
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| _______ are the sex glands | show 🗑
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| In females the gonads are the ______ which produce ova and sex hormones | show 🗑
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| show | Testes
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| Ovaries secrete 2 female sex hormones _________ and ____________ | show 🗑
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| Ovaries Activate at _________ in response to FSH and LH | show 🗑
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| show | FSH ; LH
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| show | Testosterone
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| show | Pineal gland
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| _________ functions to control the onset of puberty and to regulate daily wake-sleep cycles: makes the body sleepy | show 🗑
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