Language of Medicine, Chapter 2, Terms Pertaining to the Whole Body
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| chromosomes | structures in the nucleus containing genes
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| cytoplasm | all the material outside the nucleus but inside the cell membrane
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| endoplasmic reticulum | structures within the cytoplasm where ribosomes are found
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| karyotype | picture of chromosomes in the nucleus
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| metabolism | total chemical process in a cell
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| mitochondria | structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned
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| nucleus | control center of the cell
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| 4 types of tissue | epithelial, muscle, connective, nerve
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| 4 types of cells | muscle, fat, nerve, epithelial
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| 9 systems of the body | digestive, urinary, respiratory, reproductive, endocrine, nervous, circulatory, musculoskeletal, and skin and sense organs
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| 2 main endocrine glands | pituitary gland in brain, thyroid gland in neck
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| viscera | internal organs
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| 5 body cavities | cranial, spinal, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic
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| mediastinum | central space between lungs
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| diaphragm | muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
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| peritoneum | membrane surrounding abdominal organs
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| pleura | membrane surrounding each lung
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| 5 divisions of the back | cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
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| vertical plane dividing body into right and left sides | sagittal plane
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| horizontal plane separating the body into upper and lower portions | transverse plane
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| frontal plane | separates the body into front and back portions
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| abdomin/o | abdomen
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| adip/o | fat
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| anter/o | front
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| cervic/o | neck (of body or uterus)
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| chondr/o | cartilage
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| chrom/o | color
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| coccyg/o | coccyx (tailbone)
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| crani/o | skull
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| dist/o | far, distant
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| dors/o | back portion of the body
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| hist/o | tissue
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| ili/o | ilium (part of the pelvic bone)
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| inguin/o | groin
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| later/o | side
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| lumb/o | lower back
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| medi/o | middle
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| nucle/o | nucleus
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| pelv/o | hip, pelvic cavity
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| poster/o | back, behind
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| sacr/o | sacrum
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| spin/o | spine, backbone
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| thorac/o | chest
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| trache/o | trachea (windpipe)
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| umbilic/o | navel
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| ventr/o | belly side of the body
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| vertebr/o | vertebrae
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| viscer/o | internal organs
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| inter | between
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| meta | change
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