Ap World History Early Modern Period 1450-1750
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| Absolute Monarch | Government where the king or queen has total control
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| Agrarian | Agricultural society???
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| Atheists | Does not believe in God
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| Capitalism | Economic system based on free enterprise
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| Cash crop | A crop grown for profit
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| Circumnavigate | To travel completely around something (the world)
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| Colonization | The process of establishing colonies
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| Commerce | The exchange of goods and services for money
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| Commercial | For profit (pertaining to commerce)
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| Commonwealth | 54 independent member states previously owned by the British empire ????
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| Consequences | Punishment ???
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| Continuity | Uninterrupted connection or union???
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| Convent | A religous home for nuns
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| Currency | Paper money
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| Deists | A person who beleives in God, but believes He abandonded the universe once He made.
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| Demography | The scientific study of human populations
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| Divine | Of or relating to God. Used to refer to God
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| Divine Right | The belief that kings obtain their power to rule from God and that rebelion against them is a sin.
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| Dominant | Exercising influence of control???
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| Economy | System of production of goods, distribution, and consumption. Money is used as the exchange
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| Hedonism | The pursuit of pleasure as a matter of ethical principle
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| Hinder | Obstruct (Prevent the process of)
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| Humanism | Moral philosophy that considers humans extrememly important
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| Institution | An established organization ???
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| Jurisdiction | Legal power (The right and power to interpret and apply the law)
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| Left-Wing | The liberal and radical half of the political spectrum (Revolutionaries, Communists, Socialists)
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| Mercantilism | A country actively sought to trade, but tried not to import more than it exported. Tried to create a favorable balance of trade.
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| Monarchy | A government with a hereditary head of state (figurehead or powerful ruler)
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| Monastic | Refers to the religous life of a community of monks
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| Monk | A male who devotes himself to contemplation, prayer, and work
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| Monopoly | A market where one company has complete control over a particular product or service
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| Monotheism | Belief that there is only one God
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| Morality | Concern with the distinction between right and wrong
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| Nun | A woman who has taken special vows committing her to a religous life
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| Papacy/ Papal | Having to do with the Pope
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| Parliament | A legislative assembly in certain countries
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| Patriarch | The male head of a family
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| Pope | The head of the Roman Catholic Church
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| Revolution | A fundamental change in power or ruler
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| Right-Wing | Of the more conservatory and reactional faction of the political spectrum
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| Salvation | God saving humans from death and granting them Eternal Life
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| Sanctioned | Give authorit or permission (Sometimes permission from the Church)
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| Satire | Sarcasm (Literary device used to make fun of the subject)
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| Subsistence | A means of surviving ???
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| Urbanization | Many people begin living in cities or suburbs of cities
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| Utopia/Utopian | An imaginary place considered to be perfect or ideal
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| Vassals | A person who promises to be loyal to his lord in exchange for land and protection
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| Venerate | To honor, admire, and regard with respect
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| Vernacular | Slang; Characteristic of a local language
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| Age of Reason | A movement in Europe that advocated the use of reason and individualism
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| Akbar the Great (Mughal India) | The third emperor of the Mughal India. Came to power when he was 13. Won support of many Hindus.
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| Batavia, Indonesia | Christianity and Dutch are present here ???
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| Calvin, John | Influential French theoligist and Pastor during the Protestant Reformation. Developed Christian Calvinism
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| Columbian Exchange | Worldwide exchange of plants, animals, diseases between old and new world (Europe and Americas)
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| Counter Reformation | A period when the Catholic Church underwent a set of internal reforms to stop Christians from converting from Catholisim to Protestanism.
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| Dutch East India Company | The Netherlands granted a charter to carry out colonization in Asia
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| Eastern Orthodox | In 1054, the churches that did not follow the leadership of the Pope (Byzantine Empire)
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| Edict of Nantes | Grant of tolerance to Protestants in France in 1598
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| Edict of Fountainbleu | Rovocation of the Edict of Nantes. Did not allow Protestants to practice religon
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| Elizabeth I of England | Supported the Protestant Church. Last monarch of the Tudor Dynasty.
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| Encomienda System | A system where the Spanish government gave Indian labor rights to colonists
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| English Bill of Rights | An act dealing with the succession of the crown and rights of citizens. (William of Orange) ???
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| English Commonwealth | The Republic that ruled England, then Ireland and Scotland
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| European Exploration | European countries began exploring America and settling the new world looking for trade opportunites and silver and gold ???
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| Floating Empires | Europeans ruled dufferent colonies while exploring????
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| Goa, India | Little island that was a trading port for European colonists
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| Gutenberg's Printing Press | Moveable type
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| Hacienda System | Hacienda = Spanish word for estate (Plantations, mines, business factories) ???
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| Hapsburg Spain | Spain had a superior naval force which led to Christopher Columbus' discovery of the New World
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| Henry Tudor (Henry VIII) | King of England, Kind of Ireland, and related to the kingdom of France ???
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| Heliocentric Theory | The theory that the Earth and plantes revolve around the Sun, which is at the center of the universe.
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| Holy Roman Empire | Western Rome; Empire founded by Charlemagne; Pope was the leader
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| Huguenots | French Calvinists (Members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France)
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| Indulgences | A Christian could pay the Catolic Church in order to recieve forgiveness for their sins
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| Inquisition | The Roman Catholic Church tried and convicted people for heresy
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| Jannissary Corps | Soldiers that were the Ottomon empire's bodyguards and soldiers.
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| Jesuit Order | The society of Jesus that defended Catholicism against Protestants; strongly committed to education and scholarship
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| Law of Heavenly Bodies | Newton and Kepler laws governing planetary motion ???
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| Martin Luther | Initiated the Protestant Reformation; Believed that Salvation is granted based on faith instead of good deeds
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| Louis XIV (France) | King of France from 1643-1715; Expanded French influence in Europe
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| Manchu (Qing Dynasty) China | The last ruling dynasty of China
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| Peter the Great (Russia) | Introduced ideas from Western Europe to reform the government
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| Philip II of Spain | King of Spain and Portugal; Husband of Mary I; Supported the Counter Reformation
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| Potosi Silver Mine | One of the major silver mines; located in Peru; Enslavement of the native americans
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| Protestant Reformation | A religous movement in the 16th century; Began as attempting to reform the Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant Churches
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| Renaissance | A cultural movement; At the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; 14th - 17th centuries
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| Roman Catholic Church | The Chrisitan Church in west rome that is headed by a Pope
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| Scientific Methods | A number of techniques used to investigate and experiment wth using Science
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| Scientific Revolution | A European intellectual movement in the 16th century that led to the basis of modern science; Led to the rejection of doctrines of the Ancient greeks
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| Shogun | A commander during the Japanese feudal periods; Hereditary military dictator of Japan
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| Silver or Single Whip System | A reform in China that all land taxes paid in China must be paid in SILVER; (Before this, China had paper money. Now, lots of silver is going into China)
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| Straits of Malacca, Indonesia | Spice islands???
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| Suleiman the Magnificent (Ottoman) | Prominant monarch in the 16th century; Presiding over the Ottoman's political, military, and economic power
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| Thirty Years War (1618-1648) | Group of Protestants stormed the royal castle and threw three members of the Catholic Church out the window. ???
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| Tokugawa Bakufu System | The Shogunate feudal political system in Japan???
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| Treaty of Westphalia (1648) | Ended Thirty Years War in 1648; granted right to individual rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose their own religion–either Protestant or Catholic
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| The Vatican | The residence of the Catholic Pope in Rome, Italy (Vatican City)
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| Zheng He (Ming, China) | The Chinese admiral in contol of the fleet going to East Africa, India, Arabia
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| Why does the world become smaller? | Almost all civilizations are touched by trade
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| Power shifts to: | Western Europe
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| Western Europe has: | Feudalism
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| What is an absolute monarchy? | One person has total control
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| Which Church is reformed? | Catholic
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| What is the Columbian Exchange? | Food exchange from Europe, Americas, and Africa
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| What is a main economic trend? | Abuse of native peoples
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| Staple crops are what? | You need it to survive and it is important
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| Language was same or diverse? | Same (homogenous)
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| What are the THREE TRENDS? | WESTERN EXPANSION, GLOBALIZATION OF TRADE, AND GUNPOWDER
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| Who moves to cities at the END of the Middle Ages? | Serfs move to cities with specialized skills
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| At the end of the Byzantine Empire, who rises to power? | Ottoman Turks
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| What are causes of exploration? | Success of Hanseatic league (trading group) and crusades spawn new efficient routes, and new technologies
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| What was the Sternpost rudder? | Improved steering- Invented in China
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| What is the lateen sails? | Sails in any direction regardless of wind-Arab
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| What is the Astrolabe? | Measured distance of sun and stars above horizon-Arab
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| Who invented the magnetic compass? | Chinese
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| When was gunpowder invented? | 1500s and 1600s
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| Explorers and conquerors could use gunpowder against less technologically advanced nations: | When they conquered Americas
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| What is the Three-Masted Caravel? | Larger sails, large cargo roms with more provisions. Without it, they wouldn't have been able to sail across ocean
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| What are the economic goals? | Access to luxury goods
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| Why did they need a sea route to Asia? | Europeans are tired of Middle East being the middleman and getting profit
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| Renaissance thinking led to belief that: | Man could affect destiny
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| Marco Polo wrote a book about what? | Visiting Asia and seeing the printing press, gunpowder, and magnetic compass
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| What is the Iberian Peninsula? | Spain and Portugal
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| Who was the first exploring country? | Portugal
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| Where did Portugal explore? | Coast of Africa
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| Prince Henry the navigator (Portugese) did what? | Set out with his princes on many voyages
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| Marco Polo did what? | Went to China during the Yuan Dynasty and brought back what he learned to Italy
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| Dias explored: | The Cape of Good Hope 1488
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| Vasco de Gama did what? | Explored India and East Africa 1497
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| Vasco de Gama returned what percent of original investment? | 6000%
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| Ferdinand Magellan did what> | His ships return to Europe in 1522- first circumnavigation
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| What is on Africa coast? | Gold
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| What is Goa, Malacca, and Sri Lanka? | Little islands that were trading posts
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| Where did Spain explore? | Mexico
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| Far East and Southeast Asia were: | Too strong to conquer
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| Coumbus's voyages were financed by: | Ferdinand and Isabella
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| Columbus thought he had found: | Indies- "Indians"
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| Who mapped and named the new world? | Amerigo Vespucci
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| Treaty of Tordesillas was: | The Line of Demarcation that was through Brazil.
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| The line of demarcation, who gets what? | Portugal gets East and Spain gets West
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| Spanish and Portugese wanted to: | Keep Northern Europe out of Atlantic exploration
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| Americas had opportunities for: | Military power and immense wealth
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| France and England wanted to find: | A "Northwest Passage" to China and India through Arctic
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| English fought naval wars with who in the 1500s? | Spain
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| When do the English establish colonies? | 1600s
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| Roanoke is the most famous: | Faied early English colony in North America
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| Plymouth Rock and Jamestown, Virginia | English colonies
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| When did the British East India company practice? | 1600
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| France colonized what? | Canada
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| France wanted: | furs
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| France explored: | Mississippi and Great Lakes
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| Netherlands are: | The Dutch
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| Dutch invaded: | Indonesia
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| New York was originally: | New Amsterdam
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| English took Wall Street from: | The Dutch
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| What are effects of European colonization? | Emergence of truly global economic system and a worldwide system of military competition among European powers and first World Wars
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| What are themes of European Exploration? | Control over territories, conquereed and colonized, forced open markets
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| Europe was no longer: | The smallest and weakest civilization
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| The world is never the same after: | European Exploration and colonization of the Americas
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| How are enviroments, populations, economies, political systems affected by colonization of the Americas? | Dramatically affected by colonization of the Americas
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| What did Europeans pay for Chinese products with? | Silver
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| What countries did NOT trade with the rest of the world? | Japan, Russia, Ottomans, and Internal Africa
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| What pooled the resources of many merchants and reduced the costs and risks of colonization? | Joint Stock Company
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| Joint stock company was the beginnings of what? | The modern stock market
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| The Church began doing what new financial endeavor? | Lending money and charging interest on loans
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| Dutch East India Company had what? | Spice Islands in Indonesia
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| British East India Company was located where? | Parts of India
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| What is Mercantilism? | More money = More Power
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| What are key points to mercantilism? | Don't import more than you export because a trade deficit implied weakness in own country
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| Where did the resources from the colonies go? | Back to Mother country
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| What is the Bourgeoisie? | The Middle class- Doctors, Lawyers
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| What was wealth based on after colonization? | Industries around MONEY instead of only land
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| Whey was the European colonization of the Americas successful? | Indigenous people had no resistance to European disease, Natives fear of unknown (metal and horseback), superior weapons
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| What was Mexico City (New Spain) first called? | Tenochititlan
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| What were Spain's goals in colonization? | Wealth, raw materials, to spread Roman Catholicism
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| True or False: The Europeans let the Natives live in peace. | FALSE Native populations were largly wiped out. There are now two Europes essentially
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| Whate are the White Spanish officials in the Americas called? | Peninsulares
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| What are the people who were born in colonies to Spanish parents called? | Creoles
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| Who became leaders of resistance movements? | The creoles
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| European and Native American ancestry are called what? | Mestizos
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| European and African ancestry are called: | Mulattos
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| Did the Native Americans have freedom? | No-little to no freedom
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| What did the Encomienda System resemble? | Feudalism (It was essentially American Feudalism)
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| Peninsularies get land and slaves. In exchange, they must do what? | Protect and convert the slaves to Christianity
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| Christian missionaries appealed for reform of what? | Treatment of Native Americans
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| To reduce strain of Native Americans, what happened? | Africans are brought to Americas
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| What was Spain's #1 priority in colonization? | Resource extraction
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| Who was the cruelest of colonizers? | Spain
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| More slaves brought to ___, than to ___. | Latin America/Caribbean, United States
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| Converting Africans to ___ was a priority? | Catholicism
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| Who focused on fur trades? | French
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| France made alliances with who? | Native Americans- The Huron
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| The English colonists wanted to: | Escape religous persecution
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| Who works for who with the Indentured servants? | Europe works for Europe
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| Who fought the Frech and Indian Wars? | FRANCE AND INDIANS VERSUS ENGLAND
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| ******What was the "Most rapid and profound ecological transformatioins in world history?" | The Columbian Exchange
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| What was traded and transported in the Columbian Exchange? | Foods, animals, resources, diseases
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| What provided labor and transport? | The horse
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| What came from Africa during the Columbian Exchange? | Food, cultural practices, religous beliefs, dancing, banjos
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| What came from the Americas in the Columbian Exchange? | Corn, potatoes, sugar cane,
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| Europe gets differnt parts of food pyramid after columbian exchange. Examples are: | Tomatoes and Sugar
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| What is the biggest reason Africans come to the Americas? | Sugar Cane
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| What are some European diseases that killed Americans? | Smallpox and measles
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| What forever altered North and South American ethnicity, religon, language, art, and music? | Movement of Europeans and Africans to the Americas
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| What is the TRIANGULAR TRADE ROUTE? | Slaves from Africa on MIDDLE PASSAGE
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| Only 5% of slaves went to North America; most went to: | Carribbean and South America
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| What went to Europe? | Raw materials, rum, sugar
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| What went to Africa? | Manufactured goods-guns
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| What is the right to rule given by God? | The Divine Right
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| What was common among royal families in Europe? | Intermarriage
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| Intermarriages led to: | Alliances
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| Who had religous fights? | Protestants and Catholics
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| What are the Islamic empires in order? | Umyadid, Abbasid, Otttoman
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| Where was the Ottoman Empire? | Turkey
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| Where was the Safavid Empire? | Persia
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| Where was the Mughal Empire? | India
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| What are characteristics of the three Islamic empires? | 1. Extremely centralized 2. Technologically advanced 3. Military powerful 4. "gunpowder empires"
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| The Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, and Mughal Empire are what? | The ISLAMIC EMPIRES AT THE SAME TIME BUT IN DIFFERNT PARTS OF THE WORLD
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| Who overran the the Islamic Empire in 13th century? | Mongols
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| What is the date that marks the beginning of the Ottoman Empire? | 1200s
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| Ottomans invaded: | Constantinople and challenged Byzantine empire
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| Sunni thinks ___ can be caliph. | ANYONE
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| Shia thinks ___ can be caliph. | ONLY RELATIVE OF MUHAMMAD
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| What religon were the Ottomans? | Muslims
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| What was the Ottoman's religous policy? | EXTREMEMLY TOLERANT
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| Who transformed the cathedreals to mosques (Hagia Sophia)? | Ottomans
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| Christians and Jews were allowed to___ under the Ottomans? | Practice own religon
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| Ottomans enslaved who? | Christian subjects' children and turned them into fighting warriors-Janisaries
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| Suleiman I- The magnificent started: | The Ottoman Golden Age
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| What could have changed THE COURSE OF WESTERN EUROPE? | The Ottomans attacked Vienna, Austria, (Eastern Europe) , but STOPPED
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| The Ottoman Empire lasted until: | 1922 (700 years)
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| Citizens could petition__ under the Ottomans? | The sultan regarding religous and political issues
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| Who was the sovereign over ministers? | The Sultan (otttomans)
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| Who did the Ottomans convert to Islam and raise to be loyal to sultan? | conquered Christian's children (Janissaries)
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| The enslaved Jannissaries were equal to: | A knight or navy seal
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| How did the sultan get heirs? | Usually did NOT marry; got heirs through concubines
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| Who was the "queen mother?" | If the concubine's son was chosen as heir to the sultan, she was the "queen mother."
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| The sultan would marry the concubine after what? | After she got pregnant
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| Complex elite social network of Ottomans: | Harem
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| What is the dome at the top of mosques? | Minurets
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| Sultan = | King/Leader
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| The harem was seen as | Members of sultan's extended family
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| Vizier = | Prime Minister
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| Divan = | Cabinet of advisors
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| Janissaries= | Elite military corps of converted slaves
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| Below Janissaries were___, then___ | Regional officers, general population
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| Who founded the Miny Dynasty? | Zhu Yuanzhang (He was a warlord who assisted in kicking out Mongols.)
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| What is a scholar gentry? | Smart old people
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| Confucian based civil service exam was ___ during Ming dynasty? | reinstated and expanded
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| Who was beaten in public in Ming dynasty? | Corrupt public officials
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| Who was the Chinses Columbus? | Zheng He (He had brief, major expeditions of exploration and trade in EAST AFRICA)
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| In 1644, who conquered Ming Dynasty? | Jurchens/ Manchus
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| Who became very powerful and corrupt in China during Manchu dynasty? | Eunuchs (Castrated males)
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| What does Xenophobic mean? | Dislike people who are different from you
🗑
|
||||
| Chung-Cheng, the last Ming emperor, commited suiced after he did what? | Killed his family (THAT IS TERRIBLE!)
🗑
|
||||
| Manchurians took over China and their dynasty was called: | Qing
🗑
|
||||
| Manchus kept themselves apart from who? | The Chinese they conquered
🗑
|
||||
| Manchus were ___ differnt from Chinese? | Ethnically
🗑
|
||||
| What began under Qing? | Full scale trade with Europeans
🗑
|
||||
| What is a favorable balance of trade? | IMPORT LESS than you EXPORT and BUY LESS THAN YOU SELL
🗑
|
||||
| What grew faster: Population or economy of China under Qing? | Population
🗑
|
||||
| Manchus kept themselves apart from who? | The Chinese they conquered
🗑
|
||||
| Manchus were ___ differnt from Chinese? | Ethnically
🗑
|
||||
| What began under Qing? | Full scale trade with Europeans
🗑
|
||||
| What is a favorable balance of trade? | IMPORT LESS than you EXPORT and BUY LESS THAN YOU SELL
🗑
|
||||
| What grew faster: Population or economy of China under Qing? | Population
🗑
|
||||
| What was the social hierarchy under Ming? | Absolute power from ruler > scholar gentry > FARMERS > MERCHANTS
🗑
|
||||
| WHERE DID FARMERS HAVE A HIGHER SOCIAL RANK THAN MERCHANTS? | CHINA DURING MING DYNASTY
🗑
|
||||
| All Han men were required to wear their hair: | Braided in back
🗑
|
||||
| "Lose your hair or lose your...." | Head
🗑
|
||||
| Spain aggresively supported what? | Exploration
🗑
|
||||
| Spanish armada was a groups of what? | Ships
🗑
|
||||
| Under Philip II of Spain, what happens? | Greatest expansion of New World
🗑
|
||||
| What is a heretic? | Someone going against the Church
🗑
|
||||
| English defeated Spanish where? | British Isles
🗑
|
||||
| Why did Spain fail in Americas? | Spent all their money quickly on wars, Missionary activity, and maintenance of huge fleet of ships
🗑
|
||||
| Spain should have dominated the New World, but | They wasted all their money
🗑
|
||||
| Who made A BIG IMPACT on New World? | Spain
🗑
|
||||
| Sponsoring maritime exploration let to what? | The creation of a vast overseas Spanish Empire
🗑
|
||||
| Don Quixote was what/ | One of the greatest modern works of Western literature
🗑
|
||||
| Colonization ensured spread of what? | Spanish language, culture, and Catholicism
🗑
|
||||
| What IS THE THIRD ROME? | MOSCOW, RUSSIA
🗑
|
||||
| What are the THREE ROMES? | 1) ROME; 2) CONSTANTINOPLE 3) MOSCOW
🗑
|
||||
| After Rome and Constantinople, Orthodox Christianity moved to: | Moscow
🗑
|
||||
| Eastern Orthodox and the Byzantine Empire moved north to Moscow, Russia, when: | The Muslims took over Turkey and Constantinople (Which they renamed to Istanbul)
🗑
|
||||
| Ivan the Terrible was the 1st Russian: | Czar
🗑
|
||||
| What is Russian for Caesar? | Czar
🗑
|
||||
| Russia had centralization of authority and STILL had feudalism, WHEN WESTERN EUROPE was | Evolving
🗑
|
||||
| Russia remained isolated from: | West
🗑
|
||||
| Western Europe had a renaissance, exlporation, religous debate, scientific enlightenment WHEREAS RUSSIA | Was NOT part of Renaissance, or Reformation (Not Catholic)
🗑
|
||||
| Time of Troubles in Russia was: | After Ivan IV 1548 (Fight for throne)
🗑
|
||||
| Romanov family in Russia ruled: | Ruthlessly
🗑
|
||||
| Romanov family created state control over: | The Russian Ortodox Church
🗑
|
||||
| Peter the Great was: | "Peter the Poser" because he wanted Russia to be like Western Europe
🗑
|
||||
| New capital of Russia was: | St. Petersburg (near Water)
🗑
|
||||
| Serfdom = | Feudalism
🗑
|
||||
| Catherine The Great (Russia) continued: | Weternization policies of Peter
🗑
|
||||
| Saint Pertersburg was known as: | The "Window to the West"
🗑
|
||||
| Unlike Chinese/Japanese who fully withdrew from West, | Russians wanted to interact and be like the West
🗑
|
||||
| When did the unification of France begin? | After the Hundred Years War drove English from France (When Joan of Arc helped)
🗑
|
||||
| France's main religon was: | Catholic
🗑
|
||||
| What are Frence Protestants? | Huguenots
🗑
|
||||
| France ruled by many strong monarchs WHEREAS ENGLAND: | Went from monarchy to commonwealth to Restoration to Glorious Revolution
🗑
|
||||
| BUT, France's Estates General weaker than: | England's Parliament
🗑
|
||||
| Kings in France ruled using: | Divine Right
🗑
|
||||
| Who was Cardinal Richeliu? | He ran the country for King Loi who was 4
🗑
|
||||
| What does "noblesse de la robe" mean? | "Nobels of the robes"
🗑
|
||||
| Louis XIV was: | Catholic
🗑
|
||||
| Louis XIV was how old when he became King? | Four years old; His mother ruled for him until he became older
🗑
|
||||
| Who is a perfect example of an absolute monarch? | Louis XIV
🗑
|
||||
| Louis XIV was the ___ King? | "Sun King" The source of light to all his subjects
🗑
|
||||
| Art flourished in France because of | Louis XIV
🗑
|
||||
| Europe was afraid of what supernation/empire? | France and Spain combined
🗑
|
||||
| England, Holy Roman Empire, German princes VS. | France
🗑
|
||||
| Louis XIV built Versailes to prove power and | Moved Capital there from Paris
🗑
|
||||
| Characterisitcs of absolute monarchies: | Maintenance of Strong Armies, establishment of elaborate bureaucracies, high taxes to support the frequent wars, believe in divine right of kings, territorial expansion a goal
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of European nation states: | Definite geographic boundaries, sovereignty (right to rule yourself), and created rivalries and divisions that often led to war
🗑
|
||||
| Henry VIII wants a male heir, but | Pope won't let him divorce. So, he leaves Catholic Church and makes new Anglican Church.
🗑
|
||||
| Mary was first daughter of Henry VIII. She and her mom were sent away. When Henry died, who was in power? | Mary. She hates Protestants. She is known as bloody Mary.
🗑
|
||||
| After Mary dies, who takes over? | Elizabeth (I DO!!!!!!!)
🗑
|
||||
| Elizabeth is what religon? | Protestant
🗑
|
||||
| England's new ruling dynasty is: | The Tudors
🗑
|
||||
| Who are the Tudors? | Henry VIII and Elizabeth
🗑
|
||||
| Elizabethan Age was England's: | Golden Age
🗑
|
||||
| Pilgrims find a home in: | New World
🗑
|
||||
| Oliver Cromwell is the: | Dictator
🗑
|
||||
| Cromwell overthrown and who is the new king? | James II
🗑
|
||||
| James I attempted to accomodate Catholics AND | Puritans
🗑
|
||||
| James II was what religon? | (Openly) Catholic
🗑
|
||||
| People feared James II would: | Make a Catholic nation
🗑
|
||||
| James II fled to France: | During Glorious Revolution
🗑
|
||||
| James II was replaced in 1688 by daughter and her husband: | William and Mary
🗑
|
||||
| William And Mary created: | The English Bill of Rights which created constitutional monarchy
🗑
|
||||
| Replacement of James II ended what? | Divine Right because if parliament makes the monarch, then God didn't.
🗑
|
||||
| When did Shakespeare write his masterpieces? | During Elizabethan Age
🗑
|
||||
| Shogun in Japan = | Lords in Europe
🗑
|
||||
| Shogunates were: | Military governments
🗑
|
||||
| Who united Japan? | Hideyoshi
🗑
|
||||
| Hideyoshi appointed ____ to rule until son got older | Five regents (people)
🗑
|
||||
| What is a daimyo? | Rich family
🗑
|
||||
| Who was the winner of Hideyoshi's five regents? | Tokugawa
🗑
|
||||
| Tokugawa forced Hideoshi's son to: | Kill himself
🗑
|
||||
| Bakufu was the Japanese: | Cabinent
🗑
|
||||
| Tokugawa ruled Japan from the city of: | Edo- (Tokyo)
🗑
|
||||
| Edo becomes: | Tokyo
🗑
|
||||
| Peace came at the price of: | Dictatorship (Freedom VS. Security
🗑
|
||||
| Social stucture in Tokugawa, Japan: | Samurai, Farmers, Craftspeople, Traders/Merchants, Eta (Outcasts)
🗑
|
||||
| Eta in Japan = | Untouchables
🗑
|
||||
| Japanese forbidden from: | Leaving Japan
🗑
|
||||
| Neo-Confucianism-In Japan: | Like China, relationship between ruled and ruler
🗑
|
||||
| Japanese were Ethnocentrism, meaning: | Saw selves as superior to outsiders; Pride in divine emperor; own uniqueness as a people
🗑
|
||||
| Japanese women: | Must obey husbands or die
🗑
|
||||
| What does egalitarian mean? | Equal to men and women
🗑
|
||||
| Lower class women had gender relations that | Were more egalitarian (more equal)
🗑
|
||||
| Japanese girl children were less valued and therefore: | Sold into prostitution and killed
🗑
|
||||
| Japanese Kabuki emphasized: | Violence, physical action and music (Like wrestling))
🗑
|
||||
| Kabuki was criticized because: | Of its potentially corrupting effect
🗑
|
||||
| Woodblock print becomes: | Established artform
🗑
|
||||
| When did the Delhi Sultanate collapse? | 1300s
🗑
|
||||
| Who is Mongol Timur? | India's Genghis Khan
🗑
|
||||
| Delhi taken and ransacked by who? | Mongol Timur
🗑
|
||||
| Who is Babur? | Mughal Founder
🗑
|
||||
| Akbuar was a Muslim who married a __? | Hindu
🗑
|
||||
| Akbar encouraged cooperation bewteen what two groups? | Hindus and Muslims
🗑
|
||||
| What is the Persian word for Mongol? | Mughal
🗑
|
||||
| What are the three great Muslim empirAes? | Mughal, Ottoman Empire, and Safavid Persia
🗑
|
||||
| All Muslim empires are: | "gunpowder empires"
🗑
|
||||
| Mughal leaders failed to do what? | Solve drama between Hindus and Muslims
🗑
|
||||
| Aurangzeb, last emperor of Mughals, did the wrong thing when he did what? | Tried to impose orthodox Islam
🗑
|
||||
| Who allie to push out Mughal rule? | Hindu princes
🗑
|
||||
| How did Akbar brake with Hindu/Muslim treatment of women? | He encouraged widows to remarry, outlawed sati (ritual suicide at husband's funeral), allowed women following purday (confinement) to get out
🗑
|
||||
| Purdah means curtain; What does purdah mean? | Confinement and covering yourself
🗑
|
||||
| Female aristocrats in Mughal India did what? | Owned land and ran businesses
🗑
|
||||
| Taj Mahal was constructed by who? | Shah Jahan as tomb for wife
🗑
|
||||
| What remained the primary economic arrangement? | Marriage
🗑
|
||||
| What led to more marriages based on love? | The Protestant Reformation
🗑
|
||||
| Noble women had what advantages in Europe? | Gained education and made scientific discoveries
🗑
|
||||
| How did women gain influence? | They advised their husbands/lovers/sons
🗑
|
||||
| Higher up in social class gave what privlages? | More freedom to be involved in education/arts and servants did work
🗑
|
||||
| Lower down in social class forced what? | More time spent with family, in fields, tending livestock
🗑
|
||||
| What are negatives of higher status of women? | Less value and contribution and more need to be protected
🗑
|
||||
| Women are more needed and more valued and contributed more in which social status? | Lower social class- contribution more needed
🗑
|
||||
| What governend the relationship of women to their families in China? | Confucianism
🗑
|
||||
| What country influenced Japan? | China
🗑
|
||||
| Who are the Harem? | Pretty girls that hang out with Shogan and sleep with him. The Harem are respected though.
🗑
|
||||
| Harems were girls that slept with shogun. So, what is the irony? | The Harems were respected
🗑
|
||||
| What are some characteristics of African kingdoms? | slaves usualy prisoners of war and captives of slave raids
🗑
|
||||
| The slaves were treated how by the Europeans? | Terrible- rounded up,forced on ships,chained together, and forced to endure Middle Passage
🗑
|
||||
| What conditions were on the slave boats? | Hot, suffocation, starved , killed in revolts, taken to auction blocks
🗑
|
||||
| What went to AFricans in exchange for slaves? | European guns and manufactured goods
🗑
|
||||
| Where did the slaves go?q | From Africa to South America or West Indies
🗑
|
||||
| SUgar, molasses, and rum produced by slave labor went where? | Europe for manufactured godos
🗑
|
||||
| What became prized in Africa as a result of the slave trade? | guns and European glass
🗑
|
||||
| African slaves Christianized, but | kept parts of their language and culture
🗑
|
||||
| African music, dress, and mannerisms mixed with what cultures? | Spanish and indigenous cultures in the Americas
🗑
|
||||
| What diseases went to the Americas from Europe? | yellow fever, malaria, smallpox, measles
🗑
|
||||
| What impact did the European and African diseases hav on the Americas? | Wiped out populations; In Spanish claimed lands, poplutation dropped from 50 million to 4 milliion
🗑
|
||||
| What was a new method of labor in the Americas?q | The horse
🗑
|
||||
| Cattle, goats, and chickens came where from where | To Americas from Europe
🗑
|
||||
| What are the huge Spanish estates? | haciendas
🗑
|
||||
| The estates (haciendas) allowed for what? | Monoculture
🗑
|
||||
| What is monoculture? | The growing of large quantities of single crop
🗑
|
||||
| What happened to the continents from 1450-1750? | The looked TOTALLY different (Indigenous people wiped out)
🗑
|
||||
| The colonization and slave introducing to the Americas has what effect on the world? | FOREVER ALTERS RACIAL AND GENETIC MAKE-UP OF THE WORLD
🗑
|
||||
| What are the Europeans after? | Precious metals (Gold and silver)
🗑
|
||||
| What did the crusades expose Christians to? | Advanced Islamic civilization
🗑
|
||||
| What did Scholasticism do? | Exposed to rest of world and Europe's past
🗑
|
||||
| What id scholasticism? | Focus on school and learning
🗑
|
||||
| What are the four major movements in Europe? | Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, Scientific Revolution, Enlightenment
🗑
|
||||
| What happens during the Renaissance? | Black death stops, poputations increase, people move to cities, middle class emerges, huge infulx of money, interactions with Muslim World,Preservation of Greek/Roman learning by Spain, Weakening Byzantine Empire
🗑
|
||||
| What is humanism? | Focus on human endeavor
🗑
|
||||
| What is the renaissance man? | Multitalented, like da Vinci- artist, scientist, musician, architect, engnieer
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of Renassance art? | Themes before were religous, but now more secular
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of printing had one page at a time? | Block printing
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of printing let you move each individual letters? | Moveable type
🗑
|
||||
| Powerful families in Florence did what? | competed to see who had best artists
🗑
|
||||
| Compare art before and during Renaissance? | Religous before, now secular; Art in Cathedrals, now in homes; Flat and stiff art before, now softer, human, 3D, and realistic
🗑
|
||||
| What helped spread Protestant Reformation views? | The printing press because people demanded more books and Bibles
🗑
|
||||
| What did Machiavelli's book, The Prince, express? | The purpose of a leader is to stay in power and the end justifies the means (self-interest more important than morals)
🗑
|
||||
| Erasmus does what in his book, In Praise of Folly? | He satirizes politics and the Church
🗑
|
||||
| Sir Thomas More wrote what book? | Utopia- Describes ideal society; shared wealth and common interests
🗑
|
||||
| Whose works expressed classical world? | WIlliam Shakespeare
🗑
|
||||
| The Catholic Church said what about going to Heaven? | You only go to Heaven if you do it the Church's way.
🗑
|
||||
| Why does the power of the Eastern Orthodox Church fall? | Constantinople falls
🗑
|
||||
| Where does the Eastern Orthodox Church relocate to after the fall of Constantinople? | Moscow, Russia
🗑
|
||||
| What were indulgences? | People paid money for indulgences to the Church. It forgave their sins and reduced time in purgatory
🗑
|
||||
| Does the Catholic Church pay taxes? | No
🗑
|
||||
| What was the Catholic Church too concerned with? | Wealth and power
🗑
|
||||
| What were some of Martin Luther's frustrations with the Catholic Church? | The Church services were in Latin, not in the vernacular(language of the people); Salvation is given by God's grace, NOT through indulgences or the Church; Don't need Church as itermediary-go straight to Bible
🗑
|
||||
| What happened at the Diet of Worms? | Martin Luther was saved by prince and not killed, but he still refused to take back his 95 theses
🗑
|
||||
| What is the Diet of Worms? | Luther's speech at the place of worms
🗑
|
||||
| Who taught predestination? | John Calvin
🗑
|
||||
| Henry VIII created what? | The Anglican Church
🗑
|
||||
| If the Church, the firmest institution can be questioned, then what? | ANYTHING can be questioned such as where the sun is, role of government
🗑
|
||||
| Protestants less emphasized what? | rituals and sacraments
🗑
|
||||
| What can save a person in Protestant Churches? | Only the grace of the amazing, almighty God
🗑
|
||||
| What led to higher literacy rates in Europe? | Protestants reading the Bible and interpreting for selves
🗑
|
||||
| Clergy can marry in what Churches? | Protestant
🗑
|
||||
| Protestant Churches rejected what? | The belief that the wine and bread literally = blood and body of Christ
🗑
|
||||
| What is the Counter-Reformation? | Catholic Church Reformation
🗑
|
||||
| What happened during the Cathlic Counter Reformation? | Stopped selling indulgences, trained Priests/Bishops
🗑
|
||||
| Who had stricter training? | The Jesuits
🗑
|
||||
| Who are Jesuits? | Jesus people; Hardcore missionaries and are really smart
🗑
|
||||
| What was the Council of Trent? | Meeting to reform Catholic Church that defined rules for Catholic Church
🗑
|
||||
| Who insisted that the Bible be translated to the vernacular/German? | Martin Luther
🗑
|
||||
| Who fought the Thirty Years War? | German Princes- Lutheranism (Protests) VS. Catholics
🗑
|
||||
| What did the Act of Supremacy do? | Took Roman Catholic Church land and gave to nobles
🗑
|
||||
| What is anticlericalism? | Againsts the Clergy
🗑
|
||||
| Luther's teachings say what is not necessary? | Priests
🗑
|
||||
| As monarchs' power increased, ______ power decreased. | Papal (Pope)
🗑
|
||||
| What encouraged education? | Protestants wanted their children to read and interrupt the Bible
🗑
|
||||
| What improved the status of women within marriage? | Encouraged LOVE between man/wife
🗑
|
||||
| During the Protestant Reformation, what happened to marriage? | LOVE was encouraged in marriage! Nick and Elizabeth are in love, so they will get married and become Nick and Elizabeth Jonas!!! <3 : ) ;)
🗑
|
||||
| Who had the heliocentric (sun center) theory? | Copernicus
🗑
|
||||
| What did Galileo do? | Logically explained heliocentric theory and his book was banned because it was heretic
🗑
|
||||
| What did Brahe do? | Invented observatory
🗑
|
||||
| What did Bacon contribute? | Inductive reasoning
🗑
|
||||
| What did Kepler discover? | Planetary motion
🗑
|
||||
| What did Newton discover? | Used Calculus prove theories-Gravity
🗑
|
||||
| What are effects of the Protestant Reformation | atheists-no god That is terrible! GOD EXISTS AND IS AMAZING!!!!!!
🗑
|
||||
| What did Deists believe? | God was a clockmaker in the sky- He made the world and then walked away and didn't have anything to do with it
🗑
|
||||
| What contributed to Enlightenment/Age of Reason? | Research based on observation and carefully obtained data
🗑
|
||||
| Where is the Divine Right? | Europe
🗑
|
||||
| Where is the Mandate of Heaven? | Japan
🗑
|
||||
| Mandate of Heaven says that God will let them rule as long as they please Him, whereas the Divine Right says: | Rule however you want because God chose you
🗑
|
||||
| Locke ___; Hobbes ___ | Locke loves; Hobbes hates
🗑
|
||||
| Thomas Hobbes thought people were: | Evil
🗑
|
||||
| John Locke thought people: | Were good and born free with inalienable rights
🗑
|
||||
| Jean-Jacques-Rousseau thought: | Humans free to obey laws if just-Social contract
🗑
|
||||
| What did Montesquieu contribute? | Separation of powers-legislative, executive, judicial
🗑
|
||||
| What did Adam Smith contribute? | Wrote Wealth of Nations-book; Laissez-faire ecomomics; "Let the people do what they want."
🗑
|
||||
| Who had the first encyclopedia? | Denis Diderot
🗑
|
||||
| What monarchs treated people fair? | Joseph II-Austria; Frederick II-Prussia
🗑
|
||||
| What are characteristics of Enlightened thinkers? | science/natural laws govern human nature; power of human reason/rationalism; living by these laws would lead to society's economic, political, and social problems
🗑
|
||||
| Challenges of Enlightenment? | Find an end to injustice, inequality, and superstition; Toleration for all religons; breaking down of corrupt instutions such as the Church
🗑
|
||||
| What is the "great man theory?" | THe would would have never changed if not for a few people
🗑
|
||||
| What was a colonization political theory? | European monarchs needed money from new colonies
🗑
|
||||
| Justifications for slavery? | English-racism of Africans; prisoners captured in battle
🗑
|
||||
| Northern colonies did not do what? | Keep many slaves
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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princessjonas
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