Chapters 1 through 10 review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Describe Paleolithic Society | Hunting and gathering must follow what they stalk, move with the seasons Community size-small bands
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| Paleolithic Social organization | Gender and social organization hunter-gatherers had to move all the time; no accumulated wealth
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| Wealth in agricultural social organization | land
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| Difference between Neolithic villages and cities | Cities were larger and more complex Specialization; professionals emerged Villages served the needs of their inhabitants and immediate neighbors Cities influenced the political, economic, and cultural life of larger regions.
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| 1st complex society developed where? | Southern Mesopotamia
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| Besides Lex Talionis, Hammurabi's Code based on... | Social standing Rich over poor Lex Talionis - law of relation
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| What happened to Harappan deities? | Intermingled with Aryans Carried on into Hindu
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| Why did Harappan society collapse? | Ecological disintegration Deforested Indus Valley Reduced rainfall Became desert Flooding of Indus, earthquakes
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| What is Varna? | Sanskirt for "color" Used to refer to major social classes
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| Pair early societies to Rivers: Mesopotamia | Tigris/Euphrates
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| Pair early societies to Rivers: Egypt | Nile
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| Pair early societies to Rivers: Harappa | Indus
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| Pair early societies to Rivers: China | Yellow
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| Shang control of bronze | Elites didn't allow free production of bronze Expensive Controlled access to copper and tin ores Competitors had small hope of resisting Army easily controlled agricultural villages
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| Madate of heaven | Theory of politics that heavenly events related to earthly affairs Granted the right to govern - "mandate to heaven" Power given to "son of heaven": link between heaven and earth
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| Zhou political organization | Split into 3 sections Give command to ally In exchange for favors Decentralized Feudalism
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| Cause for Zhou collapse | Subordinates didn't agree with main ruler Iron was cheaper, any one could build an army
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| 1st Meso-American civilization | Olmecs Known for big basalt heads
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| Purpose of Maya terraces | poorly drained Meso-american lowlands Tropical soils quickly lost fertility To enhance agricultural potential Built terraces; trap silt carried by rivers
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| Relation between native Austro. and New Guineans | Common ancestor New Guineans farmed: learned from Austronesia
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| Eyes and ears of the king | Imperial spies
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| Persian government style | Absorb them Let them keep their customs and cultures As long as they didn't rebel Tolerance of diversity
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| Final defeat of Persia | Alexander the Great Persepolis Achaemenid empire crumbled Seleucid, Parthian, Sansid
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| Zoroastrian influence | Ahura Mazda Priests - magi Angra Mainyu - evil Aristocrats and elites Darius
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| Describe Confucianism | Moral, ethical, and political Not religious or philisophical Ren - attitude of kindness Li - propriety, behaving appropriately Xiao - filial piety, significance of family
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| Confucianism v. Daoism | Daoism = spiritual withdraw from the world, to seek nature Confucianism = not spiritual encourages poliical participation
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| Legalism: strengths of the state | Legalist philosophy strength of state was military and agriculture
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| Invasion of _________ brought new techniques | Persians bureaucratic govt govt techniques
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| Gupta govt style | Arthrashatra handbook Spies and prostitutes as informants Bureaucratic
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| Monsoon effect on trade | Macedon - extensive trade networks
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| Bhagavad Gita | Hindu holy book Song of the Lord Lord: Krishna Prince Arjuna - caste - much obligation
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| Greek political organization | Polis; city-state Generals, tyrants, small monarchies Sparta: all citizens equal in status Athens: democratic principles
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| Plato's Republic | Sketched ideal state that reflected his philosophical views Best state was where philosophers ruled as kings or kings were philosophers Advocated intellectual aristocracy Socrates disciple: presented thoughts in dialogue
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| Greeks attempted to base philosophy on... | Pleasure
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| Philosophy that taught pleasure was good | Hellenist Epicurean Market Pleasure of food, social If everyone seeks pleasure won’t seek power Shield from pressures of world
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| Roman social tensions | Plebeians and Patricians Patricians gave Plebeians tribunes (base of political participation broadened Gracchi Bros-wanted to promote reform Marius- army of dedicated rural residents Sulla- aristocratic general
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| Roman governing style similar to... | Greeks
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| Pax Romona | Roman peace Augustus reign brought peace to Rome and the Empire Ended civil disturbances Facilitated trade and communication of ideas for Mesopotamia to Atlantic
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| Slaves _______% of Roman population | 30
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| Biggest pyramids built during... | 1st millenium of Egyptian history (Old Kingdom)
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| Amon-Re | Amon - sky god Re - sun god tendency to combine gods in Egypt
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