A&P Midterm Review from class
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| what is the purpose of miniscus | buffer between the femur and the fib/tib
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| what kind of joint is the talocrural | hinge
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| what are the differences in the different retinaculums? | wrist holds extensors/flexors; ankle has 5 ret.'s ...10 broad crossing front ankle, 2) Y-shaped distal to lateral malleolus on calcaneus spanning the ankle then branching to attach at medial malleolus and the other to the navicular, etc....
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| location of head of fibula in relation to tibial tuberosity | lateral
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| plantar apponeurosis -where and what is it? | thick superficial band of fascia on the bottom of the foot from calcaneus to each metatarsal head
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| how many tarsal bones are there | 7
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| how many carpal bones are there | 8
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| O/I/A popliteus | O: lateral epicondyle of femur I: proximal posterior tibia A: flex knee & medially rotate flexed knee
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| what muscles are in the anterior compartment of lower leg | extensors: tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, ext. hallicus longus
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| what muscles are in the lateral compartment of lower leg | peroneus longus and brevis
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| what muscles are in the posterior compartment of lower leg | flexors: tibialis posterior, flexor digitotrum longus, flexor hallicus longus
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| what muscle extends the big toe | extensor hallicus longus
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| what muscle will dorsiflex the foot | tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallicus longus
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| origin tibialis anterior | interosseus membrane and proximal anterior fibula
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| origin peroneus longus & brevis | distal 2/3 of lateral fibula
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| insertion of soleus | calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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| origin gastrocnemius | posterior tibia and proximal fibula
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| what 3 muscles lead into calcaneal tendon | gastroc, soleus, plantaris
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| what is the relation of plantaris muscle in relation to gastroc and popliteous muscles | superficial
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| what action do the muscles in the lateral compartment do? | evert the foot & assist to plantar flex the ankle
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| what are intrinsic muscles of the foot | small muscles in the foot
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| what muscle originates @ ischial tuberosity | gemellus inferior
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| what 3 muscles insert @ pes anserine | sartorius, gracilis, semitendonosis
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| what makes the IT Band | superficial sheet of fascia
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| action of sartorius | flex & laterally rotate hip, adduct hip & flex knee
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| origin of biceps femoris | linea aspera (short head) and ischial tuberosity (long head)
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| origin of hamstrings | ischial tuberosity
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| where does semitendonosus lie in relation to biceps femoris | medial
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| the shortest of the adductor muscles | adductor brevis
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| what adductor inserts @ adductor tubercle | adductor magnus
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| what adductor crosses the knee joint | gracilis
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| what does the distal end of the femur articulate with | talus (?)
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| what are the boundaries of the femoral triangle | inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus
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| put the adductor muscles in order from proximal to distal | pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, gracilis, adductor magnus
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| what are the structures in the appendicular skeleton | arms and legs and the pectoral girdle (scapula and clavicle) and the pelvic girdle (hips)
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| what are the structures in the axial skeleton | skeleton's center cranium, vertebral column, ribs, sternum and hyoid bone
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| the combination of flexion and extention & abduction and adduction only takes place where (circumduction) | hip and shoulder
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| what is the relation of the big toe to the little toe | medial
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| what plane of motion does hip abduction occur | frontal
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| what plane divides the body into left and right | saggital
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