The Gastrointestinal System
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| The __________ ________ is responsible for turning food into energy | Gastrointestinal System (GI System)
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| As a first step the GI System is responsible for turning ____ into ______ | Food, Energy
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| There are three main types of usable food fuel: ______, _______. and __________. | Protein, Fat, and carbohydrates
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| The Upper GI tract includes the following parts: | Mouth, Esophagus, and Stomach
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| The Lower GI tract includes the following parts: | Small and Large intestines
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| Other organs involved in nutrition: | Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder
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| Or/o | Mouth
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| Stamat/o | Mouth
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| Dent/o | Teeth
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| Sial/o | Saliva
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| Gingiv/o | Gums
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| Odont/o | Tooth
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| While eating, the food is passed down a tube called _______ that leads to the ______ | Esophagus, stomach
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| Gloss/o | Tongue
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| Gastr/o | Stomach
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| Lingu/o | Tongue
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| Esophag/o | Esophagus
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| The ______ intestine is the longest part of the gastrointestinal system | Small
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| The small intestine is made up of 3 parts: | 1. Duodenum
2. Jejunum
3. Ileum
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| In the Duodenum, chemicals from the ____ and the ____ mix with the food. | Liver
Pancreas
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| The food continues digestion throughout the rest of the long path of the _______ and _____ | Jejunum
Ileum
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| Once food is passes the Jejunum and Ileum, it passes into the ______ _____ | Large instestine
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| The main role of the large intestine | Absorb water from remaining food.
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| The Stool passes through the _____, ______. _______, and ______ ____ into the rectum | 1. Ascending
2. Transverse
3. Desecending
4. Sigmoid Colon
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| Enter/o | Intestines
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| Duoden/o | Duodenum
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| Jejun/o | Jejunum
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| Ile/o | Ileum
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| Col/o Colon/o | Colon (Large Instestine)
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| Sigmoid/o | Sigmoid Colon
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| Rect/o | Rectum
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| An/o | Anus
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| Proct/o | Anus and Rectum
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| What is the largest gland in the body. | Liver
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| The _____ makes a substance used to break down fat in the GI tract, called bile. | Liver
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| Bile is sent to 2 places: The ______ ______ and a storage gland called the _________. | 1. Small Intestine
2. Gallbladder
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| The ______ makes chemicals known as enzymes that break apart proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. | Pancreas
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| Sial/o | Saliva
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| Bil/i Chol/e | Bile
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| The GI organs are located the abdomen and are surrounded by a membrane called ___________. | Peritoneum
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| Abdomin/o Celi/o Lapar/o | Abdomen
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| Cyst/o | Bladder
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| Doch/o | Duct
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| Hepat/o Hepatic/o | Liver
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| Pancreat/o | Pancreas
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| Peritone/o | Peritoneum
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| Stomatodynia | Pain in mouth
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| Stomatitis | Inflammation of the mouth
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| Esophalgia | Esophageal Pain
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| Gastralgia | Stomach Pain
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| Dyspepsia | Discomfort with eating
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| Emesis | Vomit
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| Dyspepsia | Bad Digestion
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| Esophagaglia | Pain in the Esophagus
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| Eupepsia | Good Digestion
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| Gastralgia | Stomach Pain
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| Gingivalgia | Gum pain
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| Gingivostomatitis | Inflammation of the mouth and gums
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| Ascites | Fluid filled Abdomen
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| Palpate | Touch
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| Hepatomegaly | Enlarged Liver
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| Steatorrhea | Fat in stool
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| Fecal Occult Blood Test | Test to find blood and pus in stool
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| Stool Culture | Test that looks for bacteria in stool
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| Gastromalacia | Softening of the stomach
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| Gastroparesis | Partial Paralysis of the stomach
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| Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums
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| Gingivoglossitits | Inflammation of the gums and tongue
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| Glossoplegia | Paralysis of the tongue
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| Odontoclasis | Breaking a tooth
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| Stomatogastric | Pertaining to the mouth and stomach
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| Stomatosis | Mouth condition
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| Anophony | Sound from the Anus
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| Flatus | Passing Gas
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| Hernia | Rupture or protrusion of an organ through the wall that normally contains it.
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| Steatorrhea | Excessive fat discharged in the feces
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| Ascites | Retention of fluid in the peritoneum
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| Biligensis | Formation of bile
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| Cholelith | Gallstone
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| Hepatomalacia | Softening of the liver
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| Hepatomegaly | Enlargement of the liver
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| Hepatoptosis | Downward displacement of the liver
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| Pancreatolith | Stone in the Pancreas
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| Sialoangiectasis | Overexpansion of the salivary vessels
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| sialolith | Stone in the Saliva
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| Sialostenosis | Narrowing of the salivary glands
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| Epigastric | Upper center portion of the abdomen
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| Hypochondriac | Upper side portions of the abdomen
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| Hypogastric pain | Lower center portion of the abdomen
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| Inguinal | Lower side portions of the Abdomen
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| Lumbar | Middle side portions of the abdomen
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| Umbilical | Middle center portion of the abdomen
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| Acute Gastroenteritis | Infection of entire GI tract
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| Hepatitis | Infection of the liver
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| Pancreatitis | Infection of the Pancreas
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| Gastritis | Stomach inflammation
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| Antacid | Agent that neutralizes against acid
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| Antiemtetic | Agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting
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| Most of the chemical breakdown in the small intestine happens in the ______. | Duodenum
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| Which of the following are organs that are used to break down food in the gastrointestinal system? | Liver
Pancreas
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| Which term means "good digestion"? | Eupepsia
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