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Medical Terminology
The Gastrointestinal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The __________ ________ is responsible for turning food into energy | Gastrointestinal System (GI System) |
| As a first step the GI System is responsible for turning ____ into ______ | Food, Energy |
| There are three main types of usable food fuel: ______, _______. and __________. | Protein, Fat, and carbohydrates |
| The Upper GI tract includes the following parts: | Mouth, Esophagus, and Stomach |
| The Lower GI tract includes the following parts: | Small and Large intestines |
| Other organs involved in nutrition: | Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder |
| Or/o | Mouth |
| Stamat/o | Mouth |
| Dent/o | Teeth |
| Sial/o | Saliva |
| Gingiv/o | Gums |
| Odont/o | Tooth |
| While eating, the food is passed down a tube called _______ that leads to the ______ | Esophagus, stomach |
| Gloss/o | Tongue |
| Gastr/o | Stomach |
| Lingu/o | Tongue |
| Esophag/o | Esophagus |
| The ______ intestine is the longest part of the gastrointestinal system | Small |
| The small intestine is made up of 3 parts: | 1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum |
| In the Duodenum, chemicals from the ____ and the ____ mix with the food. | Liver Pancreas |
| The food continues digestion throughout the rest of the long path of the _______ and _____ | Jejunum Ileum |
| Once food is passes the Jejunum and Ileum, it passes into the ______ _____ | Large instestine |
| The main role of the large intestine | Absorb water from remaining food. |
| The Stool passes through the _____, ______. _______, and ______ ____ into the rectum | 1. Ascending 2. Transverse 3. Desecending 4. Sigmoid Colon |
| Enter/o | Intestines |
| Duoden/o | Duodenum |
| Jejun/o | Jejunum |
| Ile/o | Ileum |
| Col/o Colon/o | Colon (Large Instestine) |
| Sigmoid/o | Sigmoid Colon |
| Rect/o | Rectum |
| An/o | Anus |
| Proct/o | Anus and Rectum |
| What is the largest gland in the body. | Liver |
| The _____ makes a substance used to break down fat in the GI tract, called bile. | Liver |
| Bile is sent to 2 places: The ______ ______ and a storage gland called the _________. | 1. Small Intestine 2. Gallbladder |
| The ______ makes chemicals known as enzymes that break apart proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. | Pancreas |
| Sial/o | Saliva |
| Bil/i Chol/e | Bile |
| The GI organs are located the abdomen and are surrounded by a membrane called ___________. | Peritoneum |
| Abdomin/o Celi/o Lapar/o | Abdomen |
| Cyst/o | Bladder |
| Doch/o | Duct |
| Hepat/o Hepatic/o | Liver |
| Pancreat/o | Pancreas |
| Peritone/o | Peritoneum |
| Stomatodynia | Pain in mouth |
| Stomatitis | Inflammation of the mouth |
| Esophalgia | Esophageal Pain |
| Gastralgia | Stomach Pain |
| Dyspepsia | Discomfort with eating |
| Emesis | Vomit |
| Dyspepsia | Bad Digestion |
| Esophagaglia | Pain in the Esophagus |
| Eupepsia | Good Digestion |
| Gastralgia | Stomach Pain |
| Gingivalgia | Gum pain |
| Gingivostomatitis | Inflammation of the mouth and gums |
| Ascites | Fluid filled Abdomen |
| Palpate | Touch |
| Hepatomegaly | Enlarged Liver |
| Steatorrhea | Fat in stool |
| Fecal Occult Blood Test | Test to find blood and pus in stool |
| Stool Culture | Test that looks for bacteria in stool |
| Gastromalacia | Softening of the stomach |
| Gastroparesis | Partial Paralysis of the stomach |
| Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums |
| Gingivoglossitits | Inflammation of the gums and tongue |
| Glossoplegia | Paralysis of the tongue |
| Odontoclasis | Breaking a tooth |
| Stomatogastric | Pertaining to the mouth and stomach |
| Stomatosis | Mouth condition |
| Anophony | Sound from the Anus |
| Flatus | Passing Gas |
| Hernia | Rupture or protrusion of an organ through the wall that normally contains it. |
| Steatorrhea | Excessive fat discharged in the feces |
| Ascites | Retention of fluid in the peritoneum |
| Biligensis | Formation of bile |
| Cholelith | Gallstone |
| Hepatomalacia | Softening of the liver |
| Hepatomegaly | Enlargement of the liver |
| Hepatoptosis | Downward displacement of the liver |
| Pancreatolith | Stone in the Pancreas |
| Sialoangiectasis | Overexpansion of the salivary vessels |
| sialolith | Stone in the Saliva |
| Sialostenosis | Narrowing of the salivary glands |
| Epigastric | Upper center portion of the abdomen |
| Hypochondriac | Upper side portions of the abdomen |
| Hypogastric pain | Lower center portion of the abdomen |
| Inguinal | Lower side portions of the Abdomen |
| Lumbar | Middle side portions of the abdomen |
| Umbilical | Middle center portion of the abdomen |
| Acute Gastroenteritis | Infection of entire GI tract |
| Hepatitis | Infection of the liver |
| Pancreatitis | Infection of the Pancreas |
| Gastritis | Stomach inflammation |
| Antacid | Agent that neutralizes against acid |
| Antiemtetic | Agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting |
| Most of the chemical breakdown in the small intestine happens in the ______. | Duodenum |
| Which of the following are organs that are used to break down food in the gastrointestinal system? | Liver Pancreas |
| Which term means "good digestion"? | Eupepsia |
Created by:
McGallonOfSoup
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