CMA Med Terms Cardio Vascular System
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| Heart | card/o, cardi/o
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| Blood Vessels | angi/o, vas/o
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| Arteries | arteri/o
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| Capillaries | capill/o
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| Veins | phleb/o, ven/o
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| Blood | hem/o, hemat/o
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| vascul | blood vessels,
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| –ar | pertaining to
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| –um | a singular noun ending
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| pericardium | the double-walled membranous sac thatencloses the heart
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| Cardiovascular (CV) | pertaining to the heart and blood vessels
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| Membranous | pertaining to a thin layer of pliable tissue that covers or encloses a body part.
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| Pericardial fluid | found in the space between the layers of the pericardium prevents friction when the heart beats.
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| epicardium | the external layer of the heart and also is part of the inner layer of the pericardial sac
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| epi- | upon
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| myocardium | is the middle and thickest of the three layersand it consists of specialized cardiac muscle
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| endocardium | is the lining of the heart
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| endo- | within
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| Functions of coronary arteries and veins | To supply the blood needs of the myocardium
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| atria, atrium | the two upper (receiving) chambers of the heart; all blood vessels coming into the heart enter here
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| Interatrial Septum | a wall that separates two chambers.
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| ventricles | The two lower chambers of the heart. All blood vessels leaving the heart emerge from the ventricles
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| Interventricular Septum | pumping chambers that separate the ventricles
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| cardiac apex | the narrow tip of the heart
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| The tricuspid valve | controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle
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| The pulmonary semilunar valve | is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
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| The mitral valve, bicuspid valve | is located between the left atrium and left ventricle
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| The aortic semilunar valve | is located between the left ventricle and the aorta
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| conduction system | electrical impulsesfrom nervesthat stimulate the myocardium of the chambers of the heart and controlled by thesinoatrial (S-A) node, atrioventricular (A-V) node, and bundle.
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| Endarterial | pertaining to the lining of an artery
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| aorta | largest blood vessel in the body, is the main trunk of the arterial system and begins from the left ventricle of the heart.
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| coronary arteries | branch from the aorta and divide again tosupply blood to the myocardium
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| arterioles | the smaller thinner branches of arteries, carry blood to the capillaries throughout the body
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| Capillaries | the anatomic units that connect the arterial and venous circulatory systems
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| veins | form a low-pressure collecting system to return the oxygen-poor blood to the heart
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| Venules | small veins that join to form the larger veins
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| venae cavae | the two large veins that return blood into theheart
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| superior vena cava | blood from the upper portion of the body
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| inferior vena cava | brings blood from the lower portion of the body
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| pulse | the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart
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| Blood pressure | the measurement of the amount of pressure exerted against the walls of the vessels
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| Systolic pressure | the highest pressure against the walls of the blood vessels, occurs when the entricles contract
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| Diastolic pressure | the lowest pressure against the walls of the blood vessels, occurs when the ventricles are relaxed
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| Plasma | a straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products
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| Fibrinogen and prothrombin | the clotting proteins found in plasma
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| Serum | Plasma with fibrinogen and prothrombin removed
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| Formed Elements of the Blood | the erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (platelets)(blood corpuscles)
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