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Med Terms VI CMA
CMA Med Terms Cardio Vascular System
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Heart | card/o, cardi/o |
Blood Vessels | angi/o, vas/o |
Arteries | arteri/o |
Capillaries | capill/o |
Veins | phleb/o, ven/o |
Blood | hem/o, hemat/o |
vascul | blood vessels, |
–ar | pertaining to |
–um | a singular noun ending |
pericardium | the double-walled membranous sac thatencloses the heart |
Cardiovascular (CV) | pertaining to the heart and blood vessels |
Membranous | pertaining to a thin layer of pliable tissue that covers or encloses a body part. |
Pericardial fluid | found in the space between the layers of the pericardium prevents friction when the heart beats. |
epicardium | the external layer of the heart and also is part of the inner layer of the pericardial sac |
epi- | upon |
myocardium | is the middle and thickest of the three layersand it consists of specialized cardiac muscle |
endocardium | is the lining of the heart |
endo- | within |
Functions of coronary arteries and veins | To supply the blood needs of the myocardium |
atria, atrium | the two upper (receiving) chambers of the heart; all blood vessels coming into the heart enter here |
Interatrial Septum | a wall that separates two chambers. |
ventricles | The two lower chambers of the heart. All blood vessels leaving the heart emerge from the ventricles |
Interventricular Septum | pumping chambers that separate the ventricles |
cardiac apex | the narrow tip of the heart |
The tricuspid valve | controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle |
The pulmonary semilunar valve | is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
The mitral valve, bicuspid valve | is located between the left atrium and left ventricle |
The aortic semilunar valve | is located between the left ventricle and the aorta |
conduction system | electrical impulsesfrom nervesthat stimulate the myocardium of the chambers of the heart and controlled by thesinoatrial (S-A) node, atrioventricular (A-V) node, and bundle. |
Endarterial | pertaining to the lining of an artery |
aorta | largest blood vessel in the body, is the main trunk of the arterial system and begins from the left ventricle of the heart. |
coronary arteries | branch from the aorta and divide again tosupply blood to the myocardium |
arterioles | the smaller thinner branches of arteries, carry blood to the capillaries throughout the body |
Capillaries | the anatomic units that connect the arterial and venous circulatory systems |
veins | form a low-pressure collecting system to return the oxygen-poor blood to the heart |
Venules | small veins that join to form the larger veins |
venae cavae | the two large veins that return blood into theheart |
superior vena cava | blood from the upper portion of the body |
inferior vena cava | brings blood from the lower portion of the body |
pulse | the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart |
Blood pressure | the measurement of the amount of pressure exerted against the walls of the vessels |
Systolic pressure | the highest pressure against the walls of the blood vessels, occurs when the entricles contract |
Diastolic pressure | the lowest pressure against the walls of the blood vessels, occurs when the ventricles are relaxed |
Plasma | a straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products |
Fibrinogen and prothrombin | the clotting proteins found in plasma |
Serum | Plasma with fibrinogen and prothrombin removed |
Formed Elements of the Blood | the erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (platelets)(blood corpuscles) |