Imaging Terminology -D
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| Anechoic | Region which is free from echoes (black).
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| Anisotropy | An ultrasound artifact, notably in muscles and tendons, which causes the echogenicity of a structure changes when the transducer is angled obliquely.
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| Artifacts | False features in the image produced by the imaging process.
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| Attenuation | The change in a beam of radiation or sound wave as it passes through matter. The intensity of the beam or sound wave decreases as its depth of penetration increases.
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| Contrast | Degree of difference between the light and dark areas.
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| Contrast Medium | Agent that enhances differences between anatomic structures.
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| CT Scan | Advanced X-ray technology that produces a sequence of detailed cross-sectional 3-D images of the body.
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| Discography (discogram) | An interventional diagnostic test used to help identify the source of back pain and to guide the treatment of abnormal discs.
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| Dosimeter | Instrument that detects and measures exposure to ionizing radiation.
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| Echogenicity | The capacity of a structure in the path of an ultrasound beam to reflect back soundwaves. The specific terminology is used to describe the characteristics of images in ultrasound.
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| Echoic | Refers to echo.
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| Gain | Measure of the strength of the ultrasound signal; overall gain amplifies all signals by a constant factor regardless of the depth.
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| Gradient Field | Variation of the strength of the magnetic field over a specific period of time measured in Tesla per second or T/sec.
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| Hyperechoic | Region in an ultrasound image in which the echoes are stronger (whiter) than normal or than surrounding structures.
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| Hypoechoic | Region in an ultrasound image in which the echoes are weaker (darker) than normal or in the surrounding regions.
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| Image Intensifier | An electronic device used to produce a fluoroscopic image with a low-radiation exposure. A beam of X-Rays passing through the patient is converted into a pattern of electrons in a vacuum tube.
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| Isoechoic | Producing ultrasound echoes equal to those of neighboring or of normal tissues.
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| MRI | Advanced diagnostic imaging technique that produces detailed pictures of the tissues of the human body using a magnet and RF energy (radio waves) to see inside the body
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| MRI Conditional | Under specific conditions of use, safe in the MR environment.
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| MRI Safe | Presents no known hazards resulting from exposure to any MRI environment.
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| MRI Unsafe | Presents unacceptable risks in the MR environment.
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| Myelogram | An X-ray of the spinal cord after injection air or a radiopaque substance into the subarachnoid space.
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| Resolution | Ability to distinguish two close objects as separate. In simple terms, it provides clarity to the ultrasound image.
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| SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) | Amount of RF energy absorbed by the body during an MRI scan measured in Watts per kilogram or W/Kg.
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| Scan Time (SCT) | The total scan time is the time required to collect all data needed to generate the desired images.
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| Tesla | Unit of measurement (T) to determine the strength of a magnet.
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| Time Gain Compensation (TGC) | Ability to compensate for the attenuation of the transmittal beam as the sound wave travels through tissue in the body.
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| Transducer | Sends high frequency sound waves into the body, then receives the sound waves back.
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