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Imaging Terminology
Imaging Terminology -D
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anechoic | Region which is free from echoes (black). |
| Anisotropy | An ultrasound artifact, notably in muscles and tendons, which causes the echogenicity of a structure changes when the transducer is angled obliquely. |
| Artifacts | False features in the image produced by the imaging process. |
| Attenuation | The change in a beam of radiation or sound wave as it passes through matter. The intensity of the beam or sound wave decreases as its depth of penetration increases. |
| Contrast | Degree of difference between the light and dark areas. |
| Contrast Medium | Agent that enhances differences between anatomic structures. |
| CT Scan | Advanced X-ray technology that produces a sequence of detailed cross-sectional 3-D images of the body. |
| Discography (discogram) | An interventional diagnostic test used to help identify the source of back pain and to guide the treatment of abnormal discs. |
| Dosimeter | Instrument that detects and measures exposure to ionizing radiation. |
| Echogenicity | The capacity of a structure in the path of an ultrasound beam to reflect back soundwaves. The specific terminology is used to describe the characteristics of images in ultrasound. |
| Echoic | Refers to echo. |
| Gain | Measure of the strength of the ultrasound signal; overall gain amplifies all signals by a constant factor regardless of the depth. |
| Gradient Field | Variation of the strength of the magnetic field over a specific period of time measured in Tesla per second or T/sec. |
| Hyperechoic | Region in an ultrasound image in which the echoes are stronger (whiter) than normal or than surrounding structures. |
| Hypoechoic | Region in an ultrasound image in which the echoes are weaker (darker) than normal or in the surrounding regions. |
| Image Intensifier | An electronic device used to produce a fluoroscopic image with a low-radiation exposure. A beam of X-Rays passing through the patient is converted into a pattern of electrons in a vacuum tube. |
| Isoechoic | Producing ultrasound echoes equal to those of neighboring or of normal tissues. |
| MRI | Advanced diagnostic imaging technique that produces detailed pictures of the tissues of the human body using a magnet and RF energy (radio waves) to see inside the body |
| MRI Conditional | Under specific conditions of use, safe in the MR environment. |
| MRI Safe | Presents no known hazards resulting from exposure to any MRI environment. |
| MRI Unsafe | Presents unacceptable risks in the MR environment. |
| Myelogram | An X-ray of the spinal cord after injection air or a radiopaque substance into the subarachnoid space. |
| Resolution | Ability to distinguish two close objects as separate. In simple terms, it provides clarity to the ultrasound image. |
| SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) | Amount of RF energy absorbed by the body during an MRI scan measured in Watts per kilogram or W/Kg. |
| Scan Time (SCT) | The total scan time is the time required to collect all data needed to generate the desired images. |
| Tesla | Unit of measurement (T) to determine the strength of a magnet. |
| Time Gain Compensation (TGC) | Ability to compensate for the attenuation of the transmittal beam as the sound wave travels through tissue in the body. |
| Transducer | Sends high frequency sound waves into the body, then receives the sound waves back. |
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