Unit 26: Nutrition, Diets, and I&O
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Nutrition | entire process by which the body takes in food for growth and repair, energy, and to maintain health.
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| Digestion | process of breaking down food into simple substances that can be used by the body for nourishment.
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| Nutrients | 6 essential nutrients are: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins, and water.
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| Amino acids | the building blocks of protein.
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| Proteins | used to repair and rebuild the body’s cells.
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| Carbohydrates | energy foods found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and sugars.
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| Fats | energy foods found in pork, butter, nuts, egg yolks, and cheese.
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| Cellulose | fiber or roughage essential for regular bowel movements (found in fruits, vegetables and whole wheat grains).
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| Defecation | bowel movement, eliminating solid waste from the body.
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| Dehydration | not enough fluids or water.
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| Diaphoresis | profuse sweating.
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| Edema | swelling or extra fluid in the tissues.
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| Emesis | vomit, throw-up.
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| Gastrostomy tube (also called a G-tube) | surgical opening into the stomach
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| Nasogastric tube (also called a NG-tube) | tube that is placed through the nostril, down the back of the throat and into the stomach.
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| I and O – Intake and Output | Intake is any fluid that goes into your body, and Output is any fluid that comes out of your body.
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| Force Fluid | to encourage fluid intake.
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| Clear liquid diet | only fluids you can see through: water, ginger ale, sprite, apple juice, cranberry juice, tea with no milk, coffee with no cream, jello, and broth.
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| Full liquid diet | soup, sherbert, jello, milk shake, frappe, yogurt, ice cream, cream of wheat, (and everything that is on a clear liquid diet).
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| Soft diet | soft foods such as scrambled eggs, macaroni and cheese, oatmeal, mashed potatoes, (for people who have difficulty chewing or swallowing or who have missing teeth).
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| Regular diet (also called a General diet or a House diet) | can eat whatever they want.
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| NAS diet | a low sodium or low salt diet, for people who have hypertension or heart trouble such as CHF (Congestive Heart Failure).
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| Diabetic diet | limited calorie diet for diabetics, usually 1200, 1500, or 1800 calorie diet to help keep their blood sugar under control,(uses exchange lists for food choices).
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| NPO | nothing by mouth.
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| TPN | Total Parenteral Nutrition, (specially mixed IV bag that has proteins, carbs, and fats and vitamins given through a large vein only).
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| Aspiration | to accidentally breathe food or fluid into your airway and your lungs.
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| Enteral feedings | nutrition and fluids given through a G-tube or NG-tube (also called tube feedings, for people who cannot swallow).
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| BMR - Basal Metabolic Rate | the rate at which a person burns calories when they are at rest.
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| BMI - Body Mass Index | a chart that compares height and weight to determine if a person’s weight is underweight, normal, overweight, obese, or morbidly obese.
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| Hyperemesis gravidarum | excessive vomiting during the condition of pregnancy.
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| Dysphagia | difficulty swallowing.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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