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AP Vocabulary Review

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Question
Answer
38th Parallel   show
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95 Theses   show
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show (750 - 1258) Ruling family of the Islamic Empire during its golden age. This dynasty is responsible for many achievements  
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show The first patriarch in the Bible. Abraham was asked by God to sacrifice his son, Isaac, and was rewarded for being prepared to do so. He is considered by Jewish people as the father of the Israelites through his son Isaac, and by Muslims as the father of  
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absolute monarchy   show
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acid rain   show
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show Chinese method of treating disorders by inserting needles into the skin. This is to help with the flow of energy that is thought to be blocked.  
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adaptation   show
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show A group formed in protest of the policy of Apartheid in South Africa. It was eventually outlawed due to their violent tactics, and Nelson Mandela, one of its leaders, was imprisoned for over thirty years.  
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African Trading Kingdoms   show
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Afrikaners   show
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show Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans.  
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Age of Reason   show
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show Term given to describe the Renaissance.  
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show A change in farming methods that allowed for a greater production of food. This revolution was fueled by the use of new farming technology such as the seed drill and improved fertilizers. The result of this revolution was a population explosion due to th  
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show The cultivating of land, producing of crops, and raising of livestock for human consumption.  
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show In Hinduism, it is the principal of non violence against all living things.  
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AIDS   show
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Akbar the Great   show
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Alexander the Great   show
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algebra   show
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al-Khwarizimi   show
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show Alliance of Great Britain, Soviet Union, United States, and France during World War II.  
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Al-Qaeda   show
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al-Sadat, Anwar   show
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show Political revolution in the British North American Colonies starting in 1776 that removed the colonies from Great Britain’s control, and established an independent nation know as the United States of America.  
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show (1925?- ) President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979. His brutal regime resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands of people, as well as the near total ruin of Uganda. He was overthrown and exiled to Saudi Arabia in 1979.  
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show April 3rd of 1919. British soldiers killed close to 400 unarmed Indian men, women, and children, and wounded 1,100 more. People had gathered in the center of town to protest British occupation of their country, and to demand equality. This was a turning  
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show Collection of moral and social teachings of Confucius, including the concept of the Five Relationships.  
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show The branch of science that studies the physical structure of living organisms.  
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show Worship given to deceased relatives who are believed to be closer to the Gods, and therefore able to grant favors.  
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Animism   show
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show A substance that kills bacteria in the human body. It is used to prevent or treat various illnesses.  
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show The hatred of people of Jewish descent.  
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show An agent that helps prevent or reduce infection in wounds.  
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apartheid   show
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show The policy of pacifying an aggressive nation in the hopes of avoiding further conflict.  
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aqueducts   show
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Arabic   show
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Arabic Numerals   show
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arable   show
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Arafat , Yasir   show
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arch   show
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Archimedes   show
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show A group or chain of islands.  
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architect   show
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Aristarchus   show
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armistice   show
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show A person who is skilled at a craft, such as weaving, or woodcarving.  
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Aryans   show
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show Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, and South Korea. These nations have experienced rapid economic growth and prosperity due to industrialization, and were aligned both politically, and economically with the West throughout the Cold War  
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show (?-232 BCE) King of the Maurya dynasty. He ruled nearly the entire subcontinent of India. He also was instrumental in the spread of Buddhism after his conversion.  
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show The killing of a political leader or other public figure.  
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Association of Southeast Asian Nations   show
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show A device used to determine latitude by observing the altitude and position of the sun or other start or planet.  
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show A person who specializes in the study of astronomical bodies.  
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Aswan High Dam   show
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show (1881-1938) Nationalist leader of Turkey who is responsible for modernizing and westernizing his country after World War I. This enabled Turkey to resist imperialist attempts at takeover by various European powers.  
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Atman   show
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show (63 BCE – 14 CE) First emperor of Rome (27 BCE – 14 CE) He restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar.  
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Austro-Hungarian Empire   show
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Axis Powers   show
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show (1900?-1989) Islamic religious leader who led a fundamentalist revolution in Iran in 1979. Ruled until 1989.  
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show A Mesoamerican civilization of Mexico who created a strong empire that flourished between the 14th and 15th century. The arrival of Hernando Cortez and the Spanish Conquistadores ended their empire.  
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balance of power   show
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Balfour Declaration   show
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bank   show
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show (1689-1755) Enlightenment thinker from France who wrote a book called, The Spirit of the Laws in 1748. In his book, Montesquieu describes what he considers to be the best government. He states that government should divide itself according to its powers,  
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barter   show
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show (1901-1973) Cuban president from 1940 to 1944 and 1952 to 1959. He was responsible for some reforms in the country before leaving office for the first time. Later, he overthrew the legitimate government and ruled as a dictator until he was forced from of  
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show The massive air war against Great Britain by the Nazi war machine in Germany. Nearly nightly bombings occurred between summer of 1940 and summer of 1941 before German withdrew. Great Britain fought alone during this year and never gave up.  
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show An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961, which was sponsored by the United States. Its purpose was to overthrow Cuban dictator Fidel Castro.  
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show Date designation meaning Before Common Era, or more than two thousand years ago.  
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Bell, Alexander Graham   show
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Ben-Gurion, David   show
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Berlin Airlift   show
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show (1884-1885) During European Imperialism, various European leaders met in Berlin, Germany to discuss plans for dividing Africa peacefully. These leaders had little regard for African independence, and had no representation for native Africans. This began  
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Berlin Wall   show
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Bessemer, Sir Henry   show
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Bhagavad Gita   show
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show A document purchased from a bank that allowed a person to travel without having to carry large amounts of money. Worked like a modern check.  
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show Serbian nationalist/terrorist group responsible for the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand which resulted in the start of World War I.  
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blitzkrieg   show
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show A system of printing where characters are carved onto a wooden block. The block is then inked and pressed onto a sheet of paper.  
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Blüt und Eisen   show
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show (1899-1902) War between Great Britain and the Boers in South Africa over control of rich mining country. Great Britain won and created the Union of South Africa comprised of all the South African colonies.  
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show Dutch descended colonist living in South Africa. Also called Afrikaners.  
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show (1783-1830) Latin American revolutionary responsible for the ousting of Spain from much of South America during the 19th century. He is considered to be the most important figure in the fight for Latin American independence.  
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show Early name of communists during the Russian Revolution of 1917.  
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Bonaparte, Napoleon   show
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show The study of plant life.  
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show Term given to the middle class people in society.  
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show (1900) A rebellion by the people of China to end foreign domination.  
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show Hindu god called the Creator. Brahma is the first member of the triad that includes Vishnu the Preserver and Shiva the Destroyer.  
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Brahman   show
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Brezhnev, Leonid   show
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British East India Company   show
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show An infectious disease transmitted by fleas. It is characterized by fever, chills, and the formation of swellings. Also known as the Black Plague or Black Death.  
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Buddha   show
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Buddhism   show
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bureaucracy   show
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show Code of conduct for Samurai and nobles during Japanese feudalism.  
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Byzantine Empire   show
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Cabinet System   show
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Caesar, Julius   show
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calendar   show
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Caliph   show
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calligraphy   show
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show (1509-1564) Theologian and church reformer who developed a form of Protestantism during the Reformation. His church is known for the idea of predestination, which states certain people are predestined for heaven.  
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cannon   show
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Canon on Medicine   show
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show Southern tip of the African continent.  
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show Money that is used for investment.  
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show An economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods. Also promotes a free market regulated by supply and demand.  
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caravel   show
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Cardinal Richelieu   show
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cartography   show
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show An economic system based on the exportation of certain crops such as sugar, cotton, and coffee.  
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Caste System   show
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Castro, Fidel   show
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show An enlightened despot who ruled over Russia. She is responsible for many positive changes in Russia, as well as securing the country a warm water port.  
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show A paved road or path.  
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Cavalry   show
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Cavour, Camillo   show
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show Date designation meaning Common Era, or the last two thousand years of history.  
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show The suppression information considered offensive or a threat to security.  
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show A government which controls all aspects of society from a central location or through a central system.  
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Chamberlain, Neville   show
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show Prime Minister, or chief executive of a country or nation state.  
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show A system in government described by Baron de Montesquieu where legislative, judicial, and executive power is shared among the different branches to provide protection against abuses of power.  
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chemistry   show
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Chernobyl Nuclear Plant Accident   show
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chinampas   show
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Chinese Communist Revolution   show
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Chivalry   show
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chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)   show
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Christ, Jesus   show
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show Currently the most popular religion in the world based on the number of worshippers found throughout the world. While this monotheistic religion developed from Judaism, there are several key differences in its teachings. Christianity was founded by Jesus  
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show (1874-1965) British politician and Prime Minster of Great Britain from 1940 to 1945, and 1951 to 1955. He is regarded as the finest British leader of the 20th century and was instrumental in leading Britain to victory during World War II.  
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circumference   show
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show To travel around something, like an island or the world.  
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show An independent state consisting of a city and its surrounding lands.  
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show The purposeful breaking of laws to protest actions by the government.  
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civil service exam   show
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civil war   show
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show A society that has a high level of culture and social organization including organized government, job specialization, and a organized belief system.  
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Clemenceau, Georges   show
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climate   show
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show Non shooting conflict between the Soviet Union and their allies and the United States and their allies. Numerous secondary conflicts arise due to the Cold War.  
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collective farm   show
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colonialism   show
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colonization   show
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Columbian Exchange   show
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show (1451-1506) Italian explorer working for Spain who, in 1492, crossed the Atlantic Ocean and discovered the Americas for Spain.  
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show An economic system controlled by strong, centralized government, which usually focuses on industrial goods. With little attention paid to agriculture and consumer goods.  
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commerce   show
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show A dramatic change in the economy of Europe at the end of the Middle Ages. It is characterized by an increase in towns and trade, the use of banks and credit, and the establishment of guilds to regulate quality and price.  
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Commonwealth of Independent States   show
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commune   show
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communism   show
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Communist Manifesto, The   show
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show A political revolution in Russia beginning in 1917. The Bolsheviks, now known as Communists, overthrew Czar Nicholas II and created a socialist government based upon the writings of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. Also know as the Bolshevik Revolution.  
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Computer Revolution   show
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show A prison camp used to hold Jews during World War II and the Holocaust.  
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show Confucius lived in China during the Chou Dynasty, when there was mass disorder and confusion and degrading moral standards. Confucius was appalled by what appeared to be the fracturing of Chinese society. He believed that the only cure was to stress a se  
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show (551-479 BCE?) Chinese philosopher and writer of The Analects, a collection of moral and social teachings, including the concept of the Five Relationships. Also known as Kong Fu Zi.  
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show Meeting of European political leaders to reestablish former territorial borders after the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the fall of Napoleon. The Congress was held in Vienna from September 1814 to June 1815, and was dominated by Prince Metternich of the  
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conquistadors   show
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show (274 CE – 337 CE) Roman Emperor between 306 CE and 337 CE. He issued the Edict of Milan which outlawed the persecution of Christians. He also founded the city of Constantinople, the future capital of the Byzantine Empire.  
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show A document detailing the fundamental laws of a country or organization.  
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show A political system in which a country is ruled by a monarch who has limited power due to a constitution  
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show A cold war policy that called for containing communism to areas already under its influence. This policy was proposed by U.S. President Harry Truman.  
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Copernicus, Nicolaus   show
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corporation   show
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Cortez, Hernan   show
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Counter-Reformation   show
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show The acting of overthrowing a government in favor of another, usually through violent means.  
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show A person who makes quality, practical or decorative goods.  
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show The burning of a dead body until it turns to ash.  
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Creoles   show
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Cromwell, Oliver   show
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Crusades   show
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show (1961) Crises that developed as a result of Cuban dictator Fidel Castro’s decision to allow the Soviet Union to base nuclear missiles in Cuba. Upon discovery, the United States confronted the Soviet Union and demanded the missiles be removed. For nearly  
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show (1958) A political revolution that removed the United States supported Fugencio Batista from power. The revolution was led by Fidel Castro who became the new leader of Cuba as a communist dictator.  
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cultural diffusion   show
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show (1966-1976) Political policy in started in China by Mao Zedong to eliminate his rivals and train a new generation in the revolutionary spirit that created communist China. The Cultural Revolution resulted in beatings, terror, mass jailings, and the death  
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culture   show
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culture system   show
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cuneiform   show
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show (1867-1934) French scientist. She is best known for his work with her husband Pierre in the field of radioactivity.  
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show (1859-1906) French scientist. He is best known for his work with his wife Marie in the field of radioactivity.  
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Cyrillic   show
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show Title of the ruler of Russia. Taken from the word Caesar, which means emperor.  
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show (1868-1918) Czar of Russia (1894-1917). He was overthrown during the Russian Revolution of 1917. Later, he and his family were killed by the revolution’s leadership.  
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show (1469?-1524) Portuguese explorer who, in 1498, established an all water route to India  
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Da Vinci, Leonardo   show
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show (1834-1900) German inventor. He is best know for his work in the development of the gasoline internal combustion engine.  
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show Land owning feudal lords in Japan.  
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Dalai Lama   show
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dam   show
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Dante   show
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Darius I   show
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de Cervantes, Miguel   show
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de Klerk, F. W.   show
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de San Martín, José   show
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show (1794-1876) Mexican general and dictator who controlled Mexico for more than 25 years. Lost war against the United States which cost Mexico present day California, Nevada, and New Mexico.  
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show Numeric system based on ten. Created by mathematicians during the Gupta golden age in India.  
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Declaration of the Rights of Man   show
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show The widespread destruction of the world's forests. One of the largest areas of destruction are the tropical rainforests. These forest are cut down for the hardwood lumber, to clear space for farming, for building settlements, and for grazing animals. lan  
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show A system of government in which the citizens hold the legislative, judicial, and executive power, based on majority rule.  
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show A political system in which a country is ruled by law, has representative government, and is democratic in nature.  
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show (1904-1997) Chinese Communist leader. Ruled from 1978 until 1997.  
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show (1596-1650) French intellectual who challenged traditional ideas. He said that human reason was capable of discovering and explaining the laws of nature and man. The idea of human reason being superior to tradition led to the beginning of the Enlightenme  
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desertification   show
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show A policy during the Cold War which was aimed at relaxing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. The policy calls for increase diplomatic and commercial activity.  
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show Nations that are economically and technologically less developed than industrialized nations.  
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show The act of fulfilling one's duty in life. Associated with Hinduism and Buddhism.  
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show (1450?-1500) Portuguese explorer who, in 1488, was the first person to round the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa.  
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show The enforced spreading out of a group of people. In history, there has been both a Jewish Diaspora and an African Diaspora.  
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dictatorship   show
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show (245-313) Emperor of Rome who was responsible for dividing Rome into different provinces and districts. Eventually, the eastern portions of the Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire.  
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show To treat unfairly due to a persons ethnic background, gender, religion, or age  
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divine   show
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show An epic poem written by Dante during the Renaissance.  
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show The justification of monarchy through the word of God.  
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divorce   show
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show A hemispherical roof.  
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Dome of the Rock   show
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show To tame an animal to live with, or close to humans.  
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show The idea that countries bordering communist countries were in more danger of falling to communism unless the United States and other western nations worked to prevent it.  
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show A comedic book written by Miguel de Cervantes during the Renaissance. The title character is now used to refer to idealists that champion hopeless or fanciful causes.  
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show Name of the Russia Parliament.  
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show A group of islands in South East Asia claimed by the Dutch during Imperialism.  
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show A drainage ditch used to help control flooding.  
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dynastic cycle   show
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dynasty   show
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show A contagious viral disease originating in Africa. It is transmitted by blood and body fluids and causes body organs and vessels to leak blood, usually resulting in death.  
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economic rights   show
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Edict of Milan   show
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show (1847-1931) American inventor. He is best know for the electric light bulb, the phonograph, and the motion picture camera.  
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Eightfold Path   show
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Einstein, Albert   show
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show (1533-1603) Queen of England and Ireland between 1558 and 1603. She was an absolute monarch and is considered to be one of the most successful rulers of all time.  
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emperor   show
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show 1. A collection of nations or peoples ruled by a single authority, usually a monarch, but can be other systems of government as well. 2. A very large and powerful industrial organization  
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Enclosure Movement   show
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encomienda system   show
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Engels, Friedrich   show
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show A person who plans and creates mechanic structures for a variety of uses.  
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show (1689) A Bill of Rights written after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 which placed William and Mary on the throne of England. The bill created a limited monarchy and established Parliament as the ruling body of the nation.  
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show A monarch who retains absolute control of their country while also enacting reform based on Enlightenment ideas.  
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Enlightenment   show
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show Everything in nature including people, plants, and animals that affects development in life.  
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Eratosthenes   show
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show To increase.  
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show Class system in France before the French Revolution. There were three Estates, First Estate was Clergy, Second was Nobility, and Third was peasants, merchants, and townspeople.  
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show The legislative body of France. Composed of representatives from the three estates which are Clergy in the First Estate, Nobles in the Second Estate, and peasants in the Third Estate. Each Estate is entitled to one vote on legislative matters. The Estate  
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ethnic cleansing   show
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show A group of people that shares distinctive cultural traits.  
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show A belief in the superiority of a certain ethnic group or race.  
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Euclid   show
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show Economic union between countries in Europe for mutual gain. Originally formed in 1951 as the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), it later became the European Community in 1967, then the European Union in 1991.  
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show The gradual change or development of something.  
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show To exclude a Christian from receiving the Sacraments.  
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show Rrelating to a system that enforces laws.  
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export   show
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extermination   show
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extinction   show
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show A policy that guaranteed European citizens in China were only subject to the laws of their own nation and could only be tried by their own courts.  
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factory   show
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Fake Word   show
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famine   show
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fascism   show
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show During the late 15th century, they became King and Queen of a united Spain after centuries of Islamic domination. Together, they made Spain a strong Christian nation and also provided funding to overseas exploration, notably Christopher Columbus.  
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show (1863-1914) Archduke of Austria, nephew to the Emperor. He was assainated by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo, Bosnia in 1914. This resulted in the start of World War I.  
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show A substance spread onto soil to increase its ability to support crops. Fertilizers include organic materials, such as manure, but can also be man made chemicals such as nitrates.  
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show A social, political, and economic system that dominated all aspects of medieval European life.  
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show An area of land given to a person to farm in exchange for certain obligations.  
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show A part Confucianism where respect is paid to the parents.  
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Five Pillars of Islam   show
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show Confucian philosophy about social order where everyone has a place and respect is paid to elders, parents, and the government. The relationships are, ruler to ruled, father to son, older brother to younger brother, husband to wife, friend to friend.  
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Five Year Plans   show
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Fleming, Alexander   show
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show A popular practice that tightly bound the feet of young girls, deforming them as they grew older. This was done to achieve the desired cultural practice of having dainty, lady-like feet.  
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show (1863-1947) American Industrialist. Ford is best know for his innovations in the auto manufacturing industry. His company was the first to use an assembly line for production.  
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show A nation’s actions regarding how they treat other nations.  
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Four Modernizations   show
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show Siddhartha's Gautama philosophy of the nature of human suffering and its relation to desire is articulated by four statements  
🗑
show An address given to the United States’ Congress by President Woodrow Wilson concerning the end of World War I and the treatment of all concerned with the war. The speech outlines the League of Nations and the ideas of self determination for different eth  
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fraternity   show
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show (1712-1786), King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786. Enlightened despot who enlarged Prussia by gaining land from Austria when Maria Theresa became Empress.  
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show Area of southeast Asia controlled by France during Imperialism. Includes Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.  
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French Revolution   show
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fundamental   show
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Galilei, Galileo   show
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show (1869-1948) Nationalist leader in India, who called for a non violent revolution to gain his country’s freedom from the British Empire.  
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show Located in India, this river is considered sacred to Hindus and is used for spiritual cleansing, funeral rites, and other Hindu rituals.  
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Garibaldi, Guiseppe   show
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show (563?-483?BCE), Indian philosopher and the founder of Buddhism. Siddhartha was born into the Brahmin caste, and by all account led a luxurious lifestyle. However, he was troubled by the human misery that he saw around him everyday. Upon reflection, he de  
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show Name Enlightenment thinker Jean Jacques Rousseau uses to describe majority rule.  
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show The process of altering life forms by manipulating their genetic structure.  
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Genghis Khan   show
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genocide   show
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show Members of the upper class in some social class systems.  
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geocentric model   show
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Ghana   show
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ghetto   show
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show A policy of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev which called for more openness with the nations of West, and a relaxing of restraints on Soviet citizenry.  
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Global North   show
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show Economic and Political designation given to developing nations in Asia, Africa, and South America, many of which were former colonies during European Imperialism. These post colonial nations face low literacy rates, massive unemployment, little to no ind  
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Glorious Revolution   show
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Gold Coast   show
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show A time in a culture of high achievement in arts, literature, and science. Generally occurs in times of peace.  
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show (1931- ), leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His policies of Perestroika and Glasnost, which aimed at revitalizing the Soviet Union contributed to the downfall of communism.  
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show a person or body of people who have the power to make and enforce laws for a country or area.  
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Great Depression   show
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show The economic program designed to increase farm and industrial output though the creation of communes. Communes are similar to Soviet collectives in that groups of people live and work together on government owned farms and in government owned industry.  
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Great Purge   show
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show A imperialistic system founded by Japan consisting of other Asian countries during the early 20th century. Japan reduced its members to puppet nations, taking their raw materials and using them as new markets.  
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Greco-Roman   show
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Greek column   show
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Green Revolution   show
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greenhouse gas   show
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Guevara, Che   show
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show An association of merchants or craftspeople in medieval Europe, formed to make regulations and set standards for a particular trade or craft.  
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gunpowder   show
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Gupta Dynasty   show
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Gutenberg, Johannes   show
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show A place where something lives.  
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show A 3 line poem that has 17 syllables in the Japanese language, and expresses a single thought, feeling or idea.  
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hajj   show
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show Oldest written system of laws. They were created by King Hammurabi of Babylonia in th mid 18th century BCE and placed on stones tablets for all to see.  
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Hebrew   show
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Hegira   show
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heliocentric model   show
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show Time period from the late 4th century BCE to the 1st century CE that was characterized by Greek achievement and a blending of Persian, Egyptian, Greek, and Indian cultures due to the empire of Alexander the Great.  
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show (1491-1547) King of England who transformed his country into a Protestant nation during the Reformation.  
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show (1860-1904) Leader of Zionist movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine.  
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show A system of writing which uses pictures for concepts and ideas.  
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hijacking   show
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show A polytheistic religion that was formed from a variety of different religious practices. In Hinduism, salvation is achieved through a spiritual oneness of the soul, atman, with the ultimate reality of the universe, Brahma. To achieve this goal, the soul  
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show (460?-377? BCE) Greek physician. He is considered to be the father of medicine and the ethical standard of treating all patients known as the Hippocratic Oath.  
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show An promise made new physicians to treat all people fairly, and to seek to preserve life. Named after a ancient Greek physician who is credited with writing it.  
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Hirohito   show
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show Japanese city devastated during World War II when the United States dropped the first atomic bomb on Aug 6th, 1945.  
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show (1889-1945) Austrian-born leader of Germany. He co-founded the Nazi Party in Germany, and gained control of the country as chancellor in 1933. Hitler started World War II with the invasion of Poland. He was responsible for the Holocaust.  
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show (1890-1969) Vietnamese leader who is responsible for ousting first the French, then the United States from his country. Supported by both communist China and the Soviet Union, he guided Vietnam through decades long warfare to emerge as a communist nation  
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show (1588-1679) English philosopher and political theorist. Wrote Leviathan, where he favored an absolute government as the only means of balancing human interests and desires with their rights of life and property.  
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Holocaust   show
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Holy Land   show
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Holy Trinity   show
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Hubble Space Telescope   show
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show The study of the environment, people, and the resources they use to live.  
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human rights   show
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humanism   show
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show System of food production for prehistoric peoples. Involves hunting animals and gathering foods grown in the wild.  
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Hussein, Saddam   show
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show Tribes in Rwanda responsible for decades of warfare.  
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show Power that is derived from a moving body of water, such as a river or waterfall.  
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show Islamic physician, wrote a book called Canon on Medicine, which was an encyclopedia of Greek, Arabic, and his own knowledge of medicine. This book became the standard medical text in Europe for over five hundred years.  
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show Art form practiced by the Greeks during the 5th century BCE. Portrays the human form very realistically, but in its perfect form.  
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ideographs   show
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ideology   show
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Imam   show
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immigration   show
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Imperialism   show
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show The bringing in of goods from another country for sale or trade.  
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show A Mesoamerican civilization of South America, centered in Peru. The Inca ruled a large empire and had many cultural and scientific achievements including an elaborate road system, architecture, and terrace farming. The arrival of the Spanish Conquistador  
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show Nationalistic organization in India with the purpose of ending British control. Prominent members include Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru.  
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show Nationalist movement to end British control of India.  
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show A social philosophy which stresses the importance of the individual above society.  
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show Letters of forgiveness for one's sins provided by the medieval Church, and one of the causes of the Reformation.  
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show In the second half of the 19th century, it was the fundamental change in the way goods were produced through the use of machines, capital, and the centralization of work forces in factories. It completely altered the social, economic, and political struc  
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show The change to industrial methods of production such as the use of factories.  
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inflation   show
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show Term given to the Internet due to the amount of information transferred.  
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inherit   show
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show Financial protection on property or people against loss, theft, or death.  
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interdependence   show
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International Court of Justice   show
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show An international organization established to promote monetary cooperation, exchange stability, and economic growth. The IMF also works to lower unemployment and help countries in debt manage their finances.  
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show A global network of computers that communicate through phone and satellites. The Internet has services such as the World Wide Web and e-mail.  
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interracial marriage   show
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invasion   show
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show A famine in 1845 when the main crop of Ireland, potatoes, was destroyed by disease. Irish farmers grew other food items, such as wheat and oats, but Great Britain required them to export those items to them, leaving nothing for the Irish to live on. As a  
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show A terrorist organization based in Ireland which seeks to remove the British government from the Six Northern Counties which they control.  
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Iron Curtain   show
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irrigation   show
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show The word Islam, which when translated from Arabic, means "to submit to the will of Allah," is the youngest of the world's major religions. Worshippers of this monotheistic religion are known as Muslims, which means "one who submits to the will of Allah."  
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Islamic fundamentalists   show
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show Conflict over landownership in Israel/Palestine. This conflict has at times involved most of the nations of the Middle East as well as the United States and the Soviet Union. Widespread terrorism against Israel and its allies occurs because of this confl  
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show (1948-49) War between Israel and the Arab world over the formation of the nation of Israel.  
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show (1887-1975) Leader of the Guomindang, or Nationalist Party in China. Fought to keep China from becoming communist, and to resist the Japanese during World War II. He lost control of China in 1949, and fled to Taiwan where he setup a rival government. Als  
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jihad   show
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show A company that sells shares to investors who share in the profits and losses.  
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show The son of Maria Teresa and a enlightened despot who ruled over the Austrian Empire.  
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Juárez, Benito   show
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show Judaism is the oldest known monotheistic religion still practiced in the world today. Its fundamental teachings have been influential and are the basis for more recently developed religions such as Christianity and Islam. Judaism teaches that there is on  
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judicial   show
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Justinians Code   show
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Kabuki theatre   show
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Kaiser Wilhelm   show
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Kami   show
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Kana   show
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karma   show
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Kellogg-Briand Pact   show
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Kenyatta, Jomo   show
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show A group of communist guerillas in Cambodia during the late 20th century, led by Pol Pot, that gained control of Cambodia after the withdrawal of American troops from the Vietnam War. The initiated a reign of terror, killing over a million people to remov  
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show (1894-1971) Leader of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964. Khrushchev was critical of Stalin’s policies and attempted to reverse some of them. He is responsible for placing nuclear missiles in Cuba which resulted in the Cuban Missile Crisis.  
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show (1835-1909) King of Belgium who began imperialistic trade inside of Africa which resulted in the Scramble for Africa.  
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show (1865-1936) British writer and poet. His poem The White Man’s Burden became a popular justification for European imperialism.  
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show (1843-1910) German physician who, in the 1880’s, discovered that bacteria caused tuberculosis.  
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show See Confucius  
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show The term given to process in which cultural diffusion occurred between China and Japan though Korean contact with both civilizations.  
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show A war between North Korean, which was supported by both the Soviet Union and communist China, and South Korea, which was supported by the United States and the United Nations. The war occurred between 1950 and 1953 and ended in an armistice and original  
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Kristallnacht   show
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show (1215-1294) Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China.  
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Kuomintang   show
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show Ethnic group that lives in parts of Iraq and Turkey. They often suffer persecution in both countries, and are currently under the protection of the United Nations in Iraq.  
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show This was an economic philosophy begun by Adam Smith in his book, Wealth of Nations, that stated that business and the economy would run best with no interference from the government. This economic system dominated most of the Industrial Revolution.  
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show (570-490 BCE?) Chinese philosopher credited with originating Taoism/Daoism. His teachings were collected and published as the Tao-te Ching.  
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Last Supper, The   show
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show The Geopolitical designation for Central and South America and the Caribbean Islands which were settled by the Spanish.  
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show Political revolutions in various Latin American countries beginning in the late 18th century. These revolutions were aimed at overthrowing the European powers that controlled these nations. Many were successful, but few achieved the success of the Americ  
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latitude   show
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Laws of the Twelve Tables   show
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lay investiture   show
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show A multinational peace keeping organization which began as an idea of United States President Woodrow Wilson following the first World War. The Treaty of Versailles created a League with over 40 different countries joining. The United States was not one o  
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show Relating to a system that makes laws.  
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show (1870-1924) Russian revolutionary leader and political theorist. He was the first leader of the new communist government of Soviet Russia. Later, he was also the first leader of the Soviet Union, which was composed of most of the republics of the former  
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Leviathan   show
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show In the political sense, this usually means freedom.  
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line of demarcation   show
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show (1827-1912) English surgeon who discovered that germs cause post operative infections. He then insisted doctors use antiseptics, substances that kill germs, on their hands and instruments before surgery. This process greatly reduced the number of deaths  
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show A book circulated throughout China during the reign of Mao Zedong, which contained his political philosophy for China. It was required reading in all schools.  
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show (1863-1945) British Prime Minister from 1916 to 1922, he led Great Britain through World War I. He was one of the formulators of the Treaty of Versailles.  
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Locke, John   show
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show March the Mao Zedong and his Communist Party underwent to avoid being captured and killed by China’s Nationalist Party.  
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Long Parliament   show
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longitude   show
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show (1638-1715) Known as the Sun King, he was an absolute monarch that completely controlled France. One of his greatest accomplishments was the building of the palace at Versailles.  
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Louis XVI   show
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show (1743?-1803) Revolutionary leader who is responsible for ousting France from Haiti during the Latin American Revolutions in the early 19th century.  
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show (1491-1556) Founded the Society of Jesus, the Order of the Jesuits. He worked to combat the Protestant Reformation by providing strong Catholic leadership to monarchs across Europe.  
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show (1483-1546) Theologian and religious reformer who started the Reformation with his 95 Theses which protested church corruption, namely the sale of indulgences.  
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Machiavelli, Niccolo   show
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show (1480?-1521) Spanish explorer who was the first to circumnavigate the globe.  
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show A document granting rights to both the Church in England and the Nobility signed by King John in 1215. This is considered to be the beginnings of British democracy.  
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Mahabharata   show
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Mali   show
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show A territory that was given to a European nation to administer by the League of Nations following the end of World War I.  
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show Divine right of rule in China.  
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show (1918 - )A black South African leader who protested the policy of Apartheid and spent over thirty years in prison before becoming the first black president of South Africa.  
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show Economic portion of feudalism where all aspects of life were centered on the lord’s manor including peasant villages, a church, farm land, a mill, and the lord's castle or manor house.  
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show Emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East.  
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Mao Zedong   show
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show (1254-1324) Italian explorer and author. He made numerous trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys. He is responsible for much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time period.  
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show An enlightened Despot who ruled the Austrian Empire.  
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market economy   show
🗑
show Economic aid from the United States used to rebuild Europe after World War II. Named after United States Secretary of State George Marshall.  
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show (1818-1883), German political philosopher and writer. Coauthor with Friedrich Engels of The Communist Manifesto which described the new philosophy of scientific socialism, which is the basis for modern communism.  
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mass production   show
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massacre   show
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show A society or political/social system in which women hold the power.  
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Mau Mau   show
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show (321? BCE - 185? BCE) Dynasty that united most of India under the rule of Chandragupta Maurya. Its greatest ruler, Asoka, converted to Buddhism and was instrumental in its spread.  
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Maurya, Chandragupta   show
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show A Mesoamerican civilization of Central America and southern Mexico. Achievements include mathematics, architecture, and a 365 day a year calendar. They flourished between the 4th and 12th centuries C.E..  
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show (1805-1872), Nationalistic leader in Italy, who started a group called Young Italy in 1831. Young Italy was a nationalistic movement that wanted to end foreign control of Italy.  
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show A city in Saudi Arabia where Muslims must make a pilgrimage at least once in their life.  
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show (1852-1912) Emperor of Japan from 1867 to 1912. He was responsible for the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the rapid modernization and industrialization of Japan.  
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show The restoration of the Emperor Meiji to power in Japan, overthrowing the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1868.  
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show (371?-289 BCE), Chinese philosopher, who studied Confucianism. He later refined many of the ideas and spread them across China. Also known as Mengzi, or Meng-tzu.  
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show (3100? BCE) King of Upper Egypt, united the two kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt  
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show The policy of building a nation's wealth by exporting more goods than it imports. Colonies are instrumental in this policy as they supply their parent nations with raw materials that are used to produce finished goods, and then exported back to the colon  
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show A person who sells goods or services. A member of the middle class in most societies.  
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show A region of Central America, Mexico, and South America where several pre-Columbian civilizations lived including the Maya, Inca, and Aztecs.  
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messiah   show
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show In colonial Latin America, Spanish/Native America who were denied basic political, economic, and social rights due to their mixed heritage.  
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Mexican Revolution   show
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Michelangelo   show
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Middle Ages   show
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middle class   show
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show Geo-Political designation of the area stretching from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the western side of the Indian subcontinent. Consists of countries such as Israel, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt.  
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show Term that ancient China used to refer to themselves. The believed they were the center of the Earth, or the Middle Kingdom.  
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show (2040 BCE – 1640 BCE) Period in ancient Egyptian history characterized by internal strife and hardships, and the invasion, and subsequent take over by the neighboring Hyksos.  
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migration   show
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show Political policy that is dominated by the military and the competitive buildup of arms.  
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show The armed forces of a nation.  
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Milosevic, Slobodan   show
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show A small group of people from a larger group.  
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show A person who spreads the teachings of a religion.  
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mixed economy   show
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show (1295) English Parliament where bishops and abbots, peers, two knights from each shire, and two representatives from each town all met in modern format for the first time.  
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show To change something to make it conform to modern standards  
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Mohammed   show
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show In Hinduism, it is the release from the cycle of reincarnation through unification with Brahma.  
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Mona Lisa   show
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monarchy   show
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show The belief in one god or goddess.  
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Monroe Doctrine   show
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show He is considered a founder of Judaism due to his role in the liberation of the Hebrews from Egypt, and his delivery of the Ten Commandments from Mount Sinai sometime around 2000 BCE.  
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show A domed Islamic religious building.  
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movable type printing machines   show
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Muezzin   show
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show In colonial Latin America, Spanish/African who were denied basic political, economic, and social rights due to their mixed heritage.  
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show A company that does business in more than one country, usually by setting up branch offices.  
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show The process of preserving a corpse by removing the moisture from it before burial. This process was practiced by many different cultures.  
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show Handheld weapon that uses small balls of lead as projectiles and gunpowder as the blasting agent.  
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Muslim League   show
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Mussolini, Benito   show
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show North American Free Trade Agreement, an economic treaty between Canada, the United States, and Mexico to lower tariffs and create a free trade environment. NAFTA was ratified by its member nations in 1994.  
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show Japanese city devastated during World War II when the United States dropped the second atomic bomb on Aug 8th, 1945.  
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show American space agency responsible for administrating the United State’s space program.  
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show (1918-1970) President of Egypt from 1956 to 1970. He was responsible for nationalizing the Suez Canal, and was an important leader to the Arab world. He was often at odds with the West and Israel.  
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Nasser, Gamal Abdel   show
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National Assembly   show
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show Pride in one’s country or culture, often excessive in nature.  
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show An independent state or country.  
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Native Americans & Slaves   show
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show North Atlantic Treaty Organization, an international defense alliance between the United States, Great Britain, and others formed in 1949 as a response to the spread of communism.  
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natural resources   show
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natural rights   show
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navigable rivers   show
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show Name of German National Socialist Party, which gained control of Germany in 1933 under the leadership of Adolf Hitler.  
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show (1889-1964) Indian nationalist leader and the first prime minister of independent India from 1947 to 1964. Along with Mohandas Gandhi, he was instrumental in freeing India from Britain’s control.  
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Neolithic Age   show
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show (10,000 - 8,000 BCE) The development of agriculture and the domestication of animals as a food source. This led to the development of permanent settlements and the start of civilization.  
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New Economic Policy   show
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show A policy of economic, political, and social of one country by another. Industrialized countries sought control of other countries for raw materials and new markets.  
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New Kingdom   show
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show The second half of the Christian Bible. It describes the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, as well as other Christian teachings.  
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Newcomen, Thomas   show
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Newton, Isaac   show
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Nirvana   show
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Nkrumah, Kwame   show
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show Feudal Japanese theater where men wore decorative mask and performed on stage, while a chorus sang the lines. Nô theatre reflected Buddhist ideas such as resisting selfish behavior.  
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show A person who belongs to a group of people who move from place to place seasonally in search of food and water.  
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show Mythical water route from the northeast region of North America to the Pacific Ocean. Many people during the Age of Exploration searched for this route that does not exist. However, the search resulted in the discovery of much of the northeast region of  
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show Weapons in which the explosive potential is controlled by nuclear fission or fusion.  
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Nuremburg Trials   show
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occupation (military)   show
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Old Imperialism   show
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Old Kingdom   show
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show The first half of the Christian Bible, that describes the creation of the world, the history of ancient Israel, the Ten Commandments, and contains the Psalms and the prophetic books. Also is the Hebrew Torah.  
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Oligarchy   show
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show A Mesoamerican civilization that flourished around 1200 C.E.. Achievements include irrigation, a simple calendar and writing system, and small cities.  
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show Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, an international organization concerned with the crude-oil policies of its member states. This organization was founded in 1960, and has 11 members, including Kuwait, Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Indonesia, Libya, N  
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Open Door Policy   show
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show In the early 19th century, Great Britain began importing opium, processed from poppy plants grown in the Crown Colony of India, into China. Chinese officials attempted to ban the importation of the highly addictive opium, but ultimately failed. The Briti  
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show In ancient China, they were pieces of bone or turtle shell used by Shang priests to tell the future. They would write a question addressed to either one of the gods, or an ancestor on the bone, then heat it until it cracked. They believed that by studyin  
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Orlando, Vittorio   show
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Orthodox Christianity   show
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show (1957- ) Saudi Arabian multimillionaire and leader of the terrorist organization al-Qaeda. He is responsible for numerous terrorist attacks on the United States including the destruction of the World Trade Center.  
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Ottoman Empire   show
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show The layer of the upper atmosphere where ozone collects. This layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.  
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Pacific Rim   show
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show A multistoried building with the corners of the roof curved up that were used as a temple.  
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show (1919-1980), Dictator ruler of Iran from 1941 to 1979. He was supported by the United States throughout most of the Cold War due to his anti communist stance. Overthrown during the Iranian Revolution in 1979.  
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Paleolithic Age   show
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Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)   show
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Pan Africanism   show
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Pan Arabism   show
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Pan Slavism   show
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show A canal that crosses the isthmus of Panama connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Built by the United States between 1904 and 1914.  
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show A domed temple in Rome that was completed in 27 BCE, and still stands today.  
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papyrus scrolls   show
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show A government's legislative body.  
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parliamentary democracy   show
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show A large temple dedicated to the goddess Athena on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. It was built in the 5th century BCE, during the Athenian golden age.  
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partnership   show
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show (1822-1895) French scientist who discovered the link between germs and disease. He also showed that killing germs, often prevented the spread of certain diseases.  
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show A member of the upper class of ancient Roman society.  
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show Someone who provides support to a specific cause and/or person/people.  
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show Also known as the Mongol Peace. A time when global trade expanded due to the political stability provided by Mongol rulers.  
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Pax Romana   show
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show Members of the lowest class in some social class systems.  
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show An area of land surrounded on three sides by water. Italy, Greece, and the southern part of India are all peninsulas.  
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Peninsulares   show
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Perestroika   show
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Pericles   show
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show (1794-1858) Commodore. United States Navy officer who is responsible for opening Japan to trade and imperialism.  
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show Treating a person, or a group of people unfairly or cruelly due to ethnic background, gender, or other difference.  
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Persian Empire   show
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Persian Gulf War   show
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show Chemicals used to destroy insects and other pests.  
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Peter the Great   show
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pharaoh   show
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Philip II   show
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philosopher   show
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philosophy   show
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Phoenicians   show
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show Writing system that uses drawings of objects.  
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show A religious journey to visit a shrine or other holy site.  
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Pizarro, Francisco   show
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plebeian   show
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show (1925-1998) Leader of Cambodia from 1975 to 1979. Pol Pot is responsible for the deaths of almost 2 million of his own people due to starvation, execution, and beatings.  
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show A nation governing itself independently from a centralized point.  
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show An organized system of political beliefs, values, and ideas.  
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show Rights such as voting, and the ability to hold public office.  
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show The belief in many gods or goddesses.  
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Pope   show
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Pope Urban II   show
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porcelain   show
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power loom   show
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show Period of North and South American history before the arrival of the Europeans in the late 15th century.  
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show The idea of Calvinist Protestants that certain people were pre-selected to go to heaven.  
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priest   show
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show (1773-1859) Chancellor of the Astro-Hungarian Empire between 1821 and 1848. He was the most powerful political figure in Europe between 1814 and 1848. He was driven from power in the Revolutions of 1848.  
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Prince, The   show
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show (1894 -1918) Serbian nationalist/terrorist who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in 1914. This event resulted in the start of World War I.  
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proletariat   show
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show Something of value that is owned by a person.  
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protectorate   show
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show Member of Christian relgious sect which formed during the Protestant Reformation. Protestants reject the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.  
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provisional government   show
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show Former independent kingdom and state of Germany. In the late 19th century, it formed the central state of the German Empire, which was one of the largest in Europe.  
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Ptolemy   show
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show Political and Religious revolution in England between 1640 and 1660. The monarchy was abolished in favor of a Republic led by Oliver Cromwell. It ended with the seating of Charles II on the throne. Also known as the English Revolution.  
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show Movement in the English church in the late 16th to remove all catholic influences and purify.  
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show Manufacturing system where work was distributed and retrieved from individuals in their homes.  
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pyramid   show
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show (582?-500?BCE) Greek mathematician responsible for the Pythagorean Theorem which states the square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.  
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show A record keeping system that used colored, knotted string developed by the Incan Civilization.  
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show Islamic holy book.  
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show Jewish scholar charged with conducting religious services, ensuring that Jewish laws are observed, and serving as a spiritual guide for the community.  
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Ramadan   show
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show Hindu epic story about the hero Rama who was the incarnation of the god Vishnu.  
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Rasputin, Grigory   show
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show Various materials found in nature used in manufacturing such as wood, coal, and oil.  
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recant   show
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show The re-conquest of Spain by the Christians after centuries of Islamic domination.  
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show Militaristic group of students in China who brutalized anyone who criticized Mao’s government.  
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show Nationalistic group/army created and led by Guiseppe Garibaldi to end foreign control of Italy during the 19th century.  
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show The protest against perceived wrong doings by the Catholic Church during the early 16th century. Main leaders were Martin Luther and John Calvin.  
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show The rebirth of a soul into another body.  
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show The passing of information through a series of runners.  
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show A person's beliefs concerning the existence and worship of a god or gods, and divine involvement in the universe and human life.  
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Renaissance   show
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show Monetary compensation to correct something that was done wrong.  
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representative democracy   show
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show A political system in which a country is ruled by law, has representative government, and is democratic in nature.  
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show An asset that is beneficial to a country or people.  
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reverence   show
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revolution   show
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Rhodes, Cecil   show
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rigid social class system   show
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show A moving body of water that usually has its source in an area of high ground.  
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show The end of a river where rich deposits of silt build up. This is important to human habitation due to the excellent source of good farmland.  
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show A valley that is carved out by the river. Often have fertile land, and are the sites for the earliest civilizations.  
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Roman Catholic   show
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show The territories ruled by ancient Rome which at one time encompassed most of the Mediterranean world and parts of France, England, and Germany. The empire lasted from 27 BCE to 395 CE.  
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show A political policy of the United States by President Theodore Roosevelt that states only the United States could intervene in the affairs of South America.  
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Rousseau, Jean Jacques   show
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show A device used to steer a ship. It is usually shaped like a paddle and is on the back of the boat.  
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show A policy in Russia to make all of the peoples under their control conform to Russian culture and language. It was used in both the Russian Empire and later, in the Soviet Union.  
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show (1904-1905) War between Russia and Japan over imperial possessions. Japan emerges victorious.  
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show Religious practices such as baptism, and receiving the Eucharist.  
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show Worthy of or regarded with religious worship, and/or respect.  
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show The world’s largest desert, located in North Africa.  
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Salt March   show
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show In Hinduism, the term given to the endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.  
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show Warrior class during Japan’s feudal age.  
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show Services including the collection and disposal of sewage and garbage.  
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show The extinct language of ancient India. Spoken between fourteenth and fifth centuries BCE. Still used today in classic literature.  
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show Man made objects that orbit the Earth or perform deep space probes. The perform a number of functions such as communications and weather.  
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sati   show
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Scandinavian Vikings   show
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scholar   show
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Scientific Method   show
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Scientific Revolution   show
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show Term given for the rapid invasion of Africa by the various European powers. This began imperialism in Africa.  
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show An artist who creates three-dimensional works of art, usually in stone or clay.  
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show Machine designed by Jethro Tull which mechanically planted seeds.  
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show Refers to a number of distinct human rights. These include the right to equality under the law, the right to a nationality, the right to freely leave and return to a person's country of origin, the right to freedom from persecution because of race, relig  
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show Dynasty that controlled Turkey during the 11th and 12th centuries. The Seljuk disruption of European travel to the Holy Lands resulted in the Crusades.  
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show A person that is a member of a legislative body called a Senate.  
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show A tool in government described by Baron de Montesquieu which states that government should divide itself according to its powers, creating a Judicial, Legislative, and Executive branch. This system would Check and Balance itself, which would help protect  
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show A soldier working for the British East India Company, recruited from the native population of India.  
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show (1857-1859) A revolt by the hired Hindu and Muslim soldiers of the British East India Company. It began as a result of the rifle cartridges that were distributed to the Sepoys had to be bitten to remove a cover before being inserted into a gun. Rumors ci  
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Seppuku   show
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serfs   show
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show (1787?-1828) During Shaka’s rule, the Zulu broadened their land claims throughout southern Africa. Eventually, the Zulu came into the conflict with the British army as they expanded their control over southern Africa and invaded the homeland of the Zulu.  
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show (1564-1616) English poet and playwright. He wrote 37 plays between 1590 and 1613. His plays reflect the ideas of individualism and the unconquerable human spirit, and most of them are still performed today.  
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Shaman   show
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Sharia   show
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Shinto   show
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show Hindu god called the Destroyer. Shiva is the third member of the triad that includes Brahma the Creator and Vishnu the Preserver.  
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Shogun   show
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Sikhism   show
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show Trade route from China to the Middle East. Called the Silk Road due to China’s most important export.  
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show Very fine grains of dirt deposited by a moving body of water.  
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show (1894-1895) Japan’s imperialistic war against China to gain control of natural resources and markets for their goods. It ended with the Treaty of Portsmouth which granted Japan Chinese port city trading rights, control of Manchuria, the annexation of the  
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show A Catholic church in Vatican City, Italy. Its ceiling was painted by the Renaissance artist Michelangelo.  
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show (1967)War between Israel and Egypt, Syria, and Jordon where Israel defeated the three in six days, capturing territory from each.  
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slave   show
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show The buying and selling of people for the purposes of slavery.  
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show A system of forced labor.  
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show Ethnic group of indo-European descent which includes Russians, Bulgarians, and Poles.  
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show A highly contagious disease. Symptoms include high fever and scar-producing blisters. It can be fatal.  
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Smith, Adam   show
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show A group of people within a society who share the same social, political, and economic status.  
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social contract   show
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show French philosopher Jean Jaques Rousseau's book in which he wrote that people were basically good, and that society, and its unequal distribution of wealth, were the cause of most problems. Rousseau believed that government should be run according to the  
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show A social theory which states that the level a person rises to in society and wealth is determined by their genetic background.  
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social rights   show
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show A political system where the means of production are controlled by the workers and all things are shared evenly. Socialist policies provide for government funding of many basic needs such as food, shelter, and medical care.  
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Society of Jesus   show
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Solidarity   show
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Songhai   show
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sovereignty   show
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Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.)   show
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Space Race   show
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show A reusable space vehicle built by the United States.  
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show A large flotilla of ships sent by Philip II of Spain to attack England in 1588 because of the Reformation. The Armada was destroyed by poor weather and the English Navy.  
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show (1898) A war between the United States and Spain over the control of Cuba. The United States won this war and gained independence for Cuba, and control of the Philippines.  
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show An area of one country under the control of another. In China, these areas guaranteed specific trading privileges to each imperialist nation within its respective sphere.  
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show A device used to make thread.  
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show A device used to make thread by spinning fibers together through the use of a big wheel.  
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show A book written by Baron de Montesquieu describing his theories on government. He states that government should divide itself according to its powers, creating a Judicial, Legislative, and Executive branch. Montesquieu explained that under this system eac  
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Sputnik   show
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stalemate   show
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show (1879-1953) The General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party from 1922 until 1953. Known for his brutality in dealing with opponents and his failed policies of collectivism that caused widespread famine across the Soviet Union.  
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starvation   show
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show (1929)The steep fall in the prices of stocks due to widespread financial panic. It was caused by stock brokers who called in the loans they had made to stock investors. This caused stock prices to fall, and many people lost their entire life savings as m  
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show A person holding ownership of part of a company or business venture.  
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show A Buddhist shrine or temple in India. This form of architecture made its way to China where it was altered slightly and renamed the pagoda.  
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show Large area that is a separate part of a continent. The area encompassing India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh are considered to be a subcontinent of Asia.  
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subservient   show
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show A canal linking the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. It was a vital trade route in the British Empire during imperialism, and continues to link North Africa and Europe to Asia today.  
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show War between Israel and Egypt which resulted in Egypt losing control of the Sinai Peninsula.  
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suffrage   show
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Suleiman   show
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show (1866-1925) Chinese nationalist leader who fought to end foreign domination. He formed the Kuomintang, or Nationalist Party, which overthrew the Manchu Dynasty and established a republican form of government in its place. Also known as Sun Yat-sen.  
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show Term given to the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.  
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surgery   show
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Taiping Rebellion   show
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Talmud   show
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show The Chinese philosophy of Taoism (or Daoism) developed in the latter part of the Chou Dynasty, during a period of turmoil in which it was not clear that Chinese civilization would survive. It represents a naturalistic ideal of how one should live their l  
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Tao-te-Ching   show
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show A tax on imports.  
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show A Japanese ritual in which tea is prepared, served, and drunk in a certain way.  
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show A society's practical knowledge, especially with reference to its material culture and modes of production.  
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telescope   show
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show The ten laws given to Moses by God, according to the Bible.  
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show The cutting out of flat areas (terraces) into near vertical slopes to allow farming. Terrace farms appears as steps cut into a mountainside. This adaptation allowed both the early Chinese, and the Inca of Mesoamerica to grow enough food for their large p  
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show The use of violence for political purpose.  
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show (346? CE – 395 CE) Emperor of the Roman Empire who is responsible for making the Christian religion the official religion of the empire.  
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show Theory of motion and energy developed by Albert Einstein in the 20th century.  
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show A dam across the Yangtze River in China scheduled to be completed in 2009.  
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show A political and social protest by university students in Beijing, China in 1989. The protest called for political and social reforms and resulted in the government using the military to end it, which caused hundreds of deaths, thousands of injured, and m  
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Tokugawa Shogunate   show
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show The holy book of Judaism. It describes the creation of the world, the history of ancient Israel, the Ten Commandments, and contains the Psalms and the prophetic books.  
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show The red gateway entrance to a Shinto shrine.  
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show A state or country completely controlled by a single power, such as a monarch or dictator.  
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totalitarianism   show
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trade   show
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trade fair   show
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show A long-established custom or belief.  
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show An economy based on agriculture, with others in society working in simple crafts, such as the manufacturing of cloth or pottery.  
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Treaty of Nanjing   show
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show (1905) The treaty that ended the Sino-Japanese War. It granted Japan Chinese port city trading rights, control of Manchuria, the annexation of the island of Sakhalin, and Korea became its protectorate.  
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show A treaty dividing the New World possessions between Portugal and Spain. This treaty, signed in 1494 was a product of the Catholic Church.  
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show Treaty ending World War I. It was extremely unfair to Germany, forcing them to accept all of the blame for the war. It is a major cause of World War II.  
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trench warfare   show
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show A catch all phrase for the trade occurring between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Trade goods include raw materials from the Americas, manufactured goods from Europe, and slaves from Africa.  
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tribalism   show
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show The collection of religious writings by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha.  
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show An alliance that was made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy during World War I.  
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show An alliance that was made up of France, Russia, and Great Britain during World War I.  
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show A policy if the Truman presidency that called for supporting any nation resisting communism.  
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Tull, Jethro   show
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show Also known as The Three Baskets of Wisdom, a book written by John Locke describing his views on government which explained that all men have Natural Rights, which are Life, Liberty, and Property, and that the purpose of government was to protect these ri  
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unequal treaty   show
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show An international body composed of many countries that seeks to promote peace, prosperity, and cooperation around the world. It was formed in 1945 at the end of World War II.  
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United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF)   show
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United States Constitution   show
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights   show
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show Members of Hindu society thought to have been removed from the Caste System, with no hope of returning to it, due to their misdeeds in previous lives. Work that is deemed unclean for all other Hindus is reserved for these Outcasts. After winning its inde  
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Upanishads   show
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show The movement of people to urban areas in search of work.  
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vaccine   show
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vassal   show
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Vedas   show
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show Italians City-States which were the center of the rebirth of European trade and culture at the end of the Middle Ages.  
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show (1820-78) He was king of Sardinia from 1849 to 1861, when he became king of a united Italy until his death in 1878. His support of the unification movement was vital to its success.  
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show The name of the Vietnamese communist who fought against South Vietnam and the United States during the Vietnam War.  
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Vietnam Conflict/War   show
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show Hindu god called the Preserver. Vishnu is the second member of the triad that includes Brahma the Creator and Shiva the Destroyer.  
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show The use of force to injure someone or to damage something.  
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show (1694-1778) French philosopher. He believed that freedom of speech was the best weapon against bad government. He also spoke out against the corruption of the French government, and the intolerance of the Catholic Church.  
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von Bismarck, Otto   show
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voting   show
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show (1943- ) Polish labor union leader, Nobel laureate, and President of Poland from 1990 to 1995. He was instrumental in the collapse of communism in Poland and throughout Eastern Europe through the work of the labor union Solidarity.  
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Walpole, Robert   show
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Warsaw Pact   show
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Watt, James   show
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show British philosopher and writer Adam Smith‘s 1776 book that described his theory on free trade, otherwise known as laissez-faire economics.  
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westernization   show
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show important symbol of Buddhism. It represents the endless cycle of life through reincarnation.  
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White Man's Burden, The   show
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William and Mary   show
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Wilson, Woodrow   show
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show Lowest class in most social class systems, including factory workers, miners, and others.  
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World Bank Group   show
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World Health Organization (WHO)   show
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World War I   show
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World War II   show
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Wright, Orville   show
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show (1867-1912) American inventor. He is best know for his work with his brother Orville in the development of the airplane.  
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show (1931- ) President of Russia. He was elected before the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. He served until 1999. Yeltsin was instrumental in keeping a cout d’etat from occurring which would have returned hard line communists to power in Russia.  
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show Symbol used to illlustrate the natural harmony that exists in the world. Everything must have an opposing force that allows the harmonious universe to exist.  
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Yom Kippur War   show
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Young Italy   show
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Zen Buddhism   show
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show (1371-1433?) Chinese naval explorer who sailed along most of the coast of Asia, Japan, and half way down the east coast of Africa before his death.  
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show Jewish nationalist movement to establish a homeland in Palestine. This movement began in the late 1800s, as anti-Semitic feelings intensified in Europe. The main leader of this movement was a journalist by the name of Theodor Herzl. Herzl's dream of a ho  
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Zollverein   show
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zoology   show
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show The name of a tribe of South Africa people who live in the northern part of Natal. They were the dominate tribe in the late 19th century when European Imperialism began. They resisted both the Boers and the British, but ultimately lost their homeland and  
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